Transcriptional regulation of genetic variants in the promoter.

encodes ferroportin, which is the only known transmembrane protein that exports elemental iron from mammalian cells and is essential for iron homeostasis. Mutations in are associated with iron-overload disorders. In addition to ferroportin diseases, expression is downregulated in various cancer types.

The effect of genetic variants of SLC22A18 on proliferation, migration, and invasion of colon cancer cells.

Solute carrier family (SLC) transporters are expressed in the digestive system and play important roles in maintaining physiological functions in the body. In addition, SLC transporters act as oncoproteins or tumor-suppressor proteins during the development, progression, and metastasis of various digestive system cancers. SLC22A18, a member of the SLC22 gene family, is an orphan transporter with an unknown endogenous substrate.

Clinical Significance of Combined Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers Expression and Role of Rac1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis. We aimed to evaluate the correlations between clinicopathological characteristics and EMT markers in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent surgical resection and to identify the key regulator in EMT process. Fresh-frozen HCC tissues and adjacent nontumor liver tissues from 30 patients who underwent surgical resection were provided by the Gachon University Gil Medical Center Bio Bank.

Usefulness of BRAF VE1 immunohistochemistry in non-small cell lung cancers: a multi-institutional study by 15 pathologists in Korea.

Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is an approved test to select patients for BRAF V600E targeted therapy in Korea. However, the high cost, long turnaround times, and the need for sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel limit the use of NGS in daily practice. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a rapid and relatively inexpensive assay available in most laboratories.

A urethral clear cell carcinoma case successfully treated with organ preservation surgery and adjuvant chemoradiation.

Urethral clear cell carcinoma is an aggressive tumor rarely observed in the urinary tract. To date, the diagnostic workup of such cases has not yet been standardized, and there has been no established standard treatment approach. The present study reports a rare case of urethral clear cell carcinoma successfully treated with organ preservation strategies and adjuvant chemoradiation with the goal of organ preservation.

Immune signature as a potential marker for predicting response to immunotherapy in obesity-associated colorectal cancer.

Background And Aim: It remains unclear whether immunotherapy, which is not generally considered for microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC), can be used to effectively treat select CRC patients. We investigated the feasibility of obesity-associated MSS CRC patients for immunotherapy based on genomic alterations.

Methods: We evaluated differences in genomic alteration types and immune signatures between obese and non-obese patients with MSS CRC.

Tumour-infiltrating bystander CD8 T cells activated by IL-15 contribute to tumour control in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Tumour-unrelated, virus-specific bystander CD8 T cells were recently shown to be abundant among tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, their roles in tumour immunity have not been elucidated yet.

Methods: We studied the characteristics of bystander CD8 TILs from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues (N=66) and their activation by interleukin (IL)-15 to repurpose them for tumour immunotherapy.

Short-course radiotherapy and chemotherapy for conversion surgery in patients with unresectable metastatic rectal cancer: a preliminary case series study.

Purpose: Curative treatment is challenging in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer and unresectable metastases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of short-course radiotherapy (RT) followed by systemic chemotherapy for patients with rectal cancer with mesorectal fascia (MRF) involvement and unresectable distant metastases.

Methods: The study included consecutive patients diagnosed as having metastatic mid-to-low rectal cancer treated with short-course RT followed by systemic chemotherapy for conversion radical or palliative surgery between 2014 and 2019 at Gil Medical Center.

6-Gingerol Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis via HNF4α/miR-467b-3p/GPAT1 Cascade.

Background & Aims: The development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be modulated by microRNAs (miRNA). Dietary polyphenols modulate the expression of miRNA such as miR-467b-3p in the liver. In addition, 6-gingerol (6-G), the functional polyphenol of ginger, has been reported to ameliorate hepatic steatosis; however, the exact mechanism involved and the role of miRNA remain elusive.

Non-Small Cell Carcinoma-Not Otherwise Specified on Cytology Specimens in Patients with Solitary Pulmonary Lesion: Primary Lung Cancer or Metastatic Cancer?

Context: Subtyping of solitary pulmonary lesion (SPL) in small amount of cytology specimen using a limited panel of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers is very important to the correct choice of treatment. This study was performed to categorize non-small cell carcinoma-not otherwise specified (NSCC-NOS) on cytology in patients with SPL, especially with regard to the incidence of metastatic cancer.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 91 cases, in which a precise morphology-based, lineage-specific IHC-aided subtyping was not possible, that qualified as NSCC-NOS on cytology.

and reciprocally regulate expression and autophagy in nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis.

Macroautophagy/autophagy, a self-degradative process, regulates metabolic homeostasis in response to various stress conditions and is a therapeutic target for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We found that autophagic activity was inhibited as a result of a significant reduction in the expression of autophagy-related genes such as in a mouse model and patients with fatty liver. This downregulation was caused by increased levels and decreased mRNA levels in hepatocytes.

Comparison of papanicolaou smear and human papillomavirus (HPV) test as cervical screening tools: can we rely on HPV test alone as a screening method? An 11-year retrospective experience at a single institution.

Background: The decrease in incidence of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma has not been as dramatic as expected with the development of improved research tools and test methods. The human papillomavirus (HPV) test alone has been suggested for screening in some countries. The National Cancer Screening Project in Korea has applied Papanicolaou smears (Pap smears) as the screening method for cervical dysplasia and carcinoma.

Sonic Hedgehog, a Novel Endogenous Damage Signal, Activates Multiple Beneficial Functions of Human Endometrial Stem Cells.

Local endometrial stem cells play an important role in regulating endometrial thickness, which is an essential factor for successful embryo implantation and pregnancy outcomes. Importantly, defects in endometrial stem cell function can be responsible for thin endometrium and subsequent recurrent pregnancy losses. Therefore, many researchers have directed their efforts toward finding a novel stimulatory factor that can enhance the regenerative capacity of endometrial stem cells.

Intraoperative Frozen Cytology of Central Nervous System Neoplasms: An Ancillary Tool for Frozen Diagnosis.

Background: Pathologic diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms is made by comparing light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and molecular cytogenetic findings with clinicoradiologic observations. Intraoperative frozen cytology smears can improve the diagnostic accuracy for CNS neoplasms. Here, we evaluate the diagnostic value of cytology in frozen diagnoses of CNS neoplasms.

WITHDRAWN:A Clinicopathologic Study of 220 Cases of Pulmonary Sclerosing Pneumocytoma in Korea: A Nationwide Survey.

Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.

Prognostic Utility of Histological Growth Patterns of Colorectal Lung Oligometastasis.

Background: Patients with resectable colorectal lung oligometastasis (CLOM) demonstrate a heterogeneous oncological outcome. However, the parameters for predicting tumor aggressiveness have not yet been fully investigated in CLOM. This study was performed to determine the prognostic value of histological growth patterns in patients who underwent surgery for CLOM.

Nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma: Comparison of Core needle biopsy and thyroidectomy specimens.

Background: Core needle biopsy (CNB) has been used as an alternative or a complementary method for diagnosis of thyroid nodules. However, morphological analysis of the nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells obtained via CNB remains unclear. Hence, we examined the differences between the PTC nuclear features in CNB and thyroidectomy specimens.

Spontaneous peeled ileal giant lipoma caused by lower gastrointestinal bleeding: A case report.

Rationale: Gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (SETs) with endoscopic features such as ulceration, a red color change, a peeled mucosal layer, and spontaneous bleeding could have malignant potential. However, we encountered a case of a lipoma that presented features different from the generally known features of gastrointestinal SETs. Therefore, we report an interesting rare case of a terminal ileal giant lipoma with a unique feature of spontaneous peeled ulceration on the surface on endoscopy that caused gastrointestinal bleeding.

Molecular Testing of Lung Cancers.

Targeted therapies guided by molecular diagnostics have become a standard treatment of lung cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase () rearrangements are currently used as the best predictive biomarkers for EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and ALK inhibitors, respectively. Besides and , the list of druggable genetic alterations has been growing, including rearrangements, rearrangements, and alterations.

Morphologic Analysis of Cytomegalovirus Infected Cells in Bronchial Washing Cytology: Comparison of Liquid-Based Preparation and Conventional Smear.

Background: The cytopathic effects of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection have been well described since the virus was first reported; however, the morphology of CMV infection has not been clearly studied. We examined the difference in detailed cytologic findings in bronchial washing cytology between liquid-based and conventionally prepared smears.

Methods: Bronchial washing cytology was processed using either the conventional preparation (CP) or liquid-based preparation (LBP).

Primary ovarian mixed strumal and mucinous carcinoid arising in an ovarian mature cystic teratoma.

A 39-year-old woman presented with low back pain lasting for several weeks. Abdominopelvic computed tomography showed an ovarian cystic mass with an enhancing solid portion, fat and internal calcification. A right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed.

Rare Case of Anal Canal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Associated with Perianal and Vulvar Pagetoid Spread.

A 61-year-old woman was referred to surgery for incidentally found colonic polyps during a health examination. Physical examination revealed widespread eczematous skin lesion without pruritus in the perianal and vulvar area. Abdominopelvic computed tomography showed an approximately 4-cm-sized, soft tissue lesion in the right perianal area.

Comparison of Cytologic Characteristics between Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Adenoid Basal Carcinoma in the Uterine Cervix.

Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and adenoid basal carcinoma (ABC) are rare in the uterine cervix. ACC is more aggressive than ABC, thus accurate differential diagnosis is important. In this study, we identified cytologic features useful in distinguishing these two tumors for diagnosis.