Prediction of Soluble-Solid Content in Citrus Fruit Using Visible-Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging Based on Effective-Wavelength Selection Algorithm.

Citrus fruits were sorted based on external qualities, such as size, weight, and color, and internal qualities, such as soluble solid content (SSC), acidity, and firmness. Visible and near-infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging techniques were used as rapid and nondestructive techniques for determining the internal quality of fruits. The applicability of the VNIR hyperspectral imaging technique for predicting the SSC in citrus fruits was evaluated in this study.

Performance Improvement of Partial Least Squares Regression Soluble Solid Content Prediction Model Based on Adjusting Distance between Light Source and Spectral Sensor according to Apple Size.

Apples are widely cultivated in the Republic of Korea and are preferred by consumers for their sweetness. Soluble solid content (SSC) is measured non-destructively using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy; however, the SSC measurement error increases with the change in apple size since the distance between the light source and the near-infrared sensor is fixed. In this study, spectral characteristics caused by the differences in apple size were investigated.

Performance Comparison of Tungsten-Halogen Light and Phosphor-Converted NIR LED in Soluble Solid Content Estimation of Apple.

A Tungsten-Halogen (TH) lamp is the most popular light source in NIR spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging, which requires a warm-up to reach very high temperatures of up to 250 °C and take a long time for radiation stabilization. Consequently, it has a large enough volume to enable heat dissipation to prevent the thermal runaway of the electric circuit and turn out its power efficiency very low. These are major barriers for miniaturizing spectral systems and hyperspectral imaging devices.

Design and Fabrication of a Thin-Walled Free-Form Scaffold on the Basis of Medical Image Data and a 3D Printed Template: Its Potential Use in Bile Duct Regeneration.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing, combined with medical imaging technologies, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has shown a great potential in patient-specific tissue regeneration. Here, we successfully fabricated an ultrathin tubular free-form structure with a wall thickness of several tens of micrometers that is capable of providing sufficient mechanical flexibility. Such a thin geometry cannot easily be achieved by 3D printing alone; therefore, it was realized through a serial combination of processes, including the 3D printing of a sacrificial template, the dip coating of the biomaterial, and the removal of the inner template.