The Preventive Effect of Ulinastatin on Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Rats with Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction After General Anaesthesia with Isoflurane.

This study evaluated the effect of ulinastatin on blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in rats with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) following general anaesthesia with isoflurane. Specifically, we examined BBB permeability and the expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). Rats in the ulinastatin group received the drug intraperitoneally (50,000 U/mL), while controls received normal saline (1 mL) administered before general anaesthesia.

Comparison emergence of sedation, using dexmedetomidine and remimazolam, in spinal anaesthesia - double blinded randomized controlled trial.

Continuous intravenous infusion of remimazolam may be suitable for sedation in patients undergoing regional anaesthesia. However, there have been no studies comparing remimazolam and dexmedetomidine for this purpose. This study compared emergence from sedation between dexmedetomidine and remimazolam following continuous intravenous infusion in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia.

The Effect of Pregabalin on Microglia Differentiation in Rat with Neuropathic pain: A Preliminary Study.

This study investigated the effects of pregabalin on microglial differentiation in rats with neuropathic pain (NP) induced by sciatic nerve ligation and transection. After confirming NP, the rats were randomly allocated to either a pregabalin or control group. The pregabalin group received intraperitoneal injections of 10 mg/kg pregabalin, while the control group received an equivalent volume of normal saline following surgery.

The Preventive Effect of Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction, on the Aspect of Behavior, Evaluated by Y-Maze Test, via Modulation of Microglial Activity.

This experimental study was designed to evaluate the effect of ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor, on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in rats under general anesthesia with isoflurane, on the aspect of behavior, as evaluated using a Y-maze test and focusing on microglial activity. Ulinastatin (50,000 U/mL) and normal saline (1 mL) were randomly (1:1) administered intraperitoneally to the ulinastatin and control groups, respectively, before general anesthesia. Anesthesia with isoflurane 1.

The preventive effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist on blood pressure reduction and postoperative nausea and vomiting during general anesthesia induction: A double-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: Administering a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor (5-HT3) at anesthesia induction may aid in achieving hemodynamic stability during general anesthesia induced using opioids. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ramosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, administered on hypotension at the induction of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol and remifentanil. Additionally, we aimed to compare the impact of ramosetron administration at anesthesia induction versus that at the end of the surgery on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

Back Muscle Mass as a Predictor of Postoperative Complications in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery.

Background: There is a lack of studies on utilising skeletal muscle mass via preoperative lumbar computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging as a predictor of postoperative complications of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery in elderly patients.

Methods: Patients aged >65 years who underwent PLIF were enrolled. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the erector spinae muscles (CSA) was presented as the skeletal muscle mass.

Prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer based on skeletal muscle mass.

Background: This retrospective study was designed to evaluate preoperative pulmonary function test (PFT) results and skeletal muscle mass, represented by the erector spinae muscle (EM), as predictors of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in older patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer.

Methods: The medical records, including preoperative PFT, chest computed tomography (CT) and PPCs, of patients older than 65 years undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer were retrospectively examined at Konkuk University Medical Center from January 2016 to December 2021. The sum of cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the right and left EMs at the level of the spinous process with the 12 thoracic vertebra was used as the skeletal muscle mass (CSA).

The Effect of Ketamine on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Rats with Neuropathic Pain.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in rats with neuropathic pain (NP). NP was induced in rats through ligation and transection of the sciatic nerve. After confirmation of NP, the animals were randomly divided into ketamine and control groups.

Usefulness of the perfusion index for monitoring the response to intravenous ketamine infusion therapy in patients with complex regional pain syndrome.

Background: This study was performed to compare the perfusion index (PI) between affected and unaffected limbs in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS); it also evaluated the usefulness of the PI for monitoring the response to intravenous ketamine infusion therapy in such patients.

Methods: In total, 46 patients with CRPS in one arm or leg were enrolled in this study. The PIs of the unaffected (PI ) and affected (PI ) limbs were simultaneously evaluated before and after treatment.

The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Preoperative Pulmonary Function Test Results as Predictors of In-Hospital Postoperative Complications after Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Adults.

Purpose: This study retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and pulmonary function test (PFT) results as objective predictors of in-hospital postoperative complications after hip fracture surgery in older adults. Methods: The patients aged >65 years who underwent hip fracture surgery under general anaesthesia were enrolled. In-hospital postoperative complications with preoperative NLR, PNI and PFT results were evaluated.

General anesthesia, using remimazolam, for the patient with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD): A case report.

Rationale: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD) is one of auto-immune demyelinating diseases of nervous system. Although both regional anesthesia and general anesthesia has been successfully performed in the patient with demyelinating diseases of nervous system, it has been controversial which one is better.

Patient Concerns: Forty-four male patient was admitted for arthroscopic elbow surgery due to limitation of range of motion.

Comparison of thromboelastographic profiles in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease according to existence of cyanosis.

Purpose: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is divided into two groups according to cyanosis status. Cyanotic CHD has a low level of systemic oxygenation and is accompanied by increased erythropoiesis. We hypothesized that pediatric patients with CHD would exhibit different thromboelastographic profiles according to their cyanosis status.

Effects of Compression of the Ulnar Artery on the Radial Artery Catheterization.

Background: The study was designed to evaluate the effects of compression of the ulnar artery on blood flow (BF) and internal cross-sectional area (CSAi) of the radial artery. We also evaluated the success rate and time of successful ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization at the first attempt with or without compression of the ulnar artery. Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to the Compression group or Standard group to be treated with or without the application of ulnar artery compression, respectively.

Mental Health of Adolescents and Subjective Economic Deterioration Caused by COVID-19 in Korea.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic greatly impacted the health and economy worldwide. Children and adolescents are less affected by COVID-19 but are more vulnerable to secondary damage, such as mental health. We would like to evaluate the subjective economic changes caused by COVID-19 in Korea and adolescents' mental health status.

Effects of general anaesthesia with an inhalational anaesthetic agent on the expression of exosomes in rats.

We hypothesized that the expression of exosomes under general anaesthesia with an inhalational anaesthetic agent would be changed. The study was designed to confirm the effect of general anesthesia with an inhalational anaesthetic agent on the expression of exosomes in rats. After intraperitoneal administration for the mixture of ketamine and xylazine, tracheal intubation was performed.

Effect of equipotent doses of propofol and sevoflurane on endoplasmic reticulum stress during breast cancer surgery.

Background: Numerous studies suggest that intravenous propofol is superior to inhaled volatile anesthetic. This study compared the changes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress of cancer cells and lymphocytes after propofol- and sevoflurane-based anesthesia during breast cancer surgery.

Methods: We randomized 53 patients undergoing breast cancer surgery to propofol (n = 28) and sevoflurane (n = 25) anesthesia groups.

Dorsal root ganglion stimulation combined with spinal cord stimulation for effective treatment of postherpetic neuralgia - A case report.

Background: Although spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can be a treatment option for intractable postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), obtaining proper stimulation at the thoracic dermatome is difficult. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation may be an effective treatment for patients with insufficient efficacy in SCS only.

Case: A 54-year-old male with intractable PHN was referred to our clinic.

RADIATION EXPOSURE TO THE BACK WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF APRONS.

Physicians and nurses stand with their back towards the C-arm fluoroscope when using the computer, taking things out of closets and preparing drugs for injection or instruments for intervention. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the type of lead apron and radiation exposure to the backs of physicians and nurses while using C-arm fluoroscopy. We compared radiation exposure to the back in the three groups: no lead apron (group C), front coverage type (group F) and wrap-around type (group W).

Postoperative Delirium in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting According to the Anesthetic Agent: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of two anesthetic agents (sevoflurane or propofol) on postoperative delirium (POD) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Design: Retrospective observational design.

Setting: University hospital.

The radiation safety education and the pain physicians' efforts to reduce radiation exposure.

Background: C-arm fluoroscopy equipment is important for interventional pain management and can cause radiation injury to physicians and patients. We compared radiation safety education and efforts to reduce the radiation exposure of pain specialists.

Methods: A survey of 49 pain specialists was conducted anonymously in 2016.

Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery in the Sugammadex Era: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Residual neuromuscular block (NMB) after general anesthesia has been associated with pulmonary dysfunction and hypoxia, which are both associated with postoperative delirium (POD). We evaluated the effects of sugammadex on POD in elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery.

Methods: Medical records of 174 consecutive patients who underwent hip fracture surgery with general anesthesia were reviewed retrospectively to compare the perioperative incidence of POD, pulmonary complications, time to extubation, incidence of hypoxia, and laboratory findings between patients treated with sugammadex and those treated with a conventional cholinesterase inhibitor.

A filter-mediated communication model for design collaboration in building construction.

Multidisciplinary collaboration is an important aspect of modern engineering activities, arising from the growing complexity of artifacts whose design and construction require knowledge and skills that exceed the capacities of any one professional. However, current collaboration in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries often fails due to lack of shared understanding between different participants and limitations of their supporting tools. To achieve a high level of shared understanding, this study proposes a filter-mediated communication model.