Evolution of Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Change Point Analysis of Textbook Outcome over Twenty Years.

: The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze the evolution in textbook outcome (TO) achievement after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over two decades at a single tertiary referral center. : All consecutive liver resections for HCC at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2003 to 2022 were analyzed. The included 1334 patients were divided into four groups by time intervals identified through change point analysis.

Subtype-specific prognostic impact of Bcl-2 in HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer.

Bcl-2, a key regulator of cellular apoptosis, is typically linked to adverse prognosis in solid tumors due to its inhibition of apoptotic cell death and promotion of cellular proliferation, leading to tumor progression. However, studies on Bcl-2 in breast cancer have shown inconsistent results, with some indicating favorable outcomes. This study aims to determine the subtype-specific role of Bcl-2 in breast cancer.

Clinical Impact of TP53 Mutations in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Who Were Treated with Targeted Therapies or Immunotherapy.

Purpose: TP53 mutations are common in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated their clinical impact in patients treated with targeted agents or immunotherapy in the KCSG HN15-16 TRIUMPH trial.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with TP53 mutations in the TRIUMPH trial, a multicenter, biomarker-driven umbrella trial in Korea.

Prognostic Implications of Maintaining the Target Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Status Based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association Guidelines in Patients with Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma after Lobectomy: A 5-Year Landmark Analysis.

: The 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines recommend the maintenance of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels ≤2 mIU/L in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) who underwent lobectomy; however, the evidence is insufficient. We investigated the association between maintaining the TSH status at ≤2 mIU/L and tumor recurrence in patients with low-risk PTC who underwent lobectomy through a 5-year landmark analysis. : Between 2010 and 2016, 662 patients with low-risk PTC were included.

Machine learning models for prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with T1b gastric cancer.

The prognosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) patients is associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM). Considering the relatively high rate of LNM in T1b EGC patients, it is crucial to determine the factors associated with LNM. In this study, we constructed and validated predictive models based on machine learning (ML) algorithms for LNM in patients with T1b EGC.

Near surface oxidation of elemental mercury leads to mercury exposure in the Arctic Ocean biota.

Atmospheric mercury (Hg(0), Hg(II)) and riverine exported Hg (Hg(II)) are proposed as important Hg sources to the Arctic Ocean. As plankton cannot passively uptake Hg(0), gaseous Hg(0) has to be oxidized to be bioavailable. Here, we measured Hg isotope ratios in zooplankton, Arctic cod, total gaseous Hg, sediment, seawater, and snowpack from the Bering Strait, the Chukchi Sea, and the Beaufort Sea.

Longitudinal Genome-Wide Association Study of Cognitive Impairment after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Objectives: The occurrence of cognitive deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is highly possible, leading to vascular dementia. We performed a novel longitudinal genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic modifications associated with cognitive impairment following SAH in a long-term prospective cohort study.

Materials And Methods: This GWAS involved 153 patients with SAH sharing 5,971,372 markers after high-throughput imputation.

Prediction of Hemifacial Spasm Re-Appearing Phenomenon after Microvascular Decompression Surgery in Patients with Hemifacial Spasm Using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objective: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is treated by a surgical procedure called microvascular decompression (MVD). However, HFS re-appearing phenomenon after surgery, presenting as early recurrence, is experienced by some patients after MVD. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and two analytical methods : receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and machine learning, were used to predict early recurrence in this study.

Occurrence, removal, and prioritization of organic micropollutants in four full-scale wastewater treatment plants in Korea.

This study investigated the occurrence, removal rate, and potential risks of 43 organic micropollutants (OMPs) in four municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Korea. Results from two-year intensive monitoring confirmed the presence of various OMPs in the influents, including pharmaceuticals such as acetaminophen (pain relief), caffeine (stimulants), cimetidine (H-blockers), ibuprofen (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs- NSAIDs), metformin (antidiabetics), and naproxen (NSAIDs) with median concentrations of >1 μg/L. Some pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine-anticonvulsants, diclofenac-NSAIDs, propranolol-β-blockers), corrosion inhibitors (1H-benzotriazole-BTR, 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole-4-TTR), and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) were negligibly removed during WWTP treatment.

Eosinophilic Dermatoses: Cause of Non-Infectious Erythema after Volume Replacement with Diced Acellular Dermal Matrix in Breast Cancer?

Introduction: Non-infectious erythema, or Red Breast Syndrome (RBS), has been observed on the skin where acellular dermal matrix was implanted, although the exact cause is yet to be determined.

Patients And Methods: A total of 214 female patients underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and volume replacement using diced acellular dermal matrix (dADM) for breast cancer between December 2017 and December 2018. After collecting and evaluating relevant clinical data, inflammation markers, along with NK cell status presented by IFN-γ secretion assay, were measured using ELISA.

Loss of micropollutants on syringe filters during sample filtration: Machine learning approach for selecting appropriate filters.

Prefiltration before chromatographic analysis is critical in the monitoring of environmental micropollutants (MPs). However, in an aqueous matrix, such monitoring often leads to out-of-specification results owing to the loss of MPs on syringe filters. Therefore, this study investigated the loss of seventy MPs on eight different syringe filters by employing Random Forest, a machine learning algorithm.

expression profiles and their association with clinical outcomes of breast cancer: a systemic review.

Purpose: The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 () is involved in the progression of various cancers, but its biological roles in breast cancer (BRCA) remain unclear. Therefore, we performed a systematic multiomic analysis to expound on the prognostic value and underlying mechanism of in BRCA.

Methods: We assessed the effect of expression on BRCA using a variety of bioinformatics platforms, including Oncomine, GEPIA, UALCAN, PrognoScan database, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and R2: Kaplan-Meier scanner.

Amphiphilic Graft Copolymers as Templates for the Generation of Binary Metal Oxide Mesoporous Interfacial Layers for Solid-State Photovoltaic Cells.

The binary metal oxide mesoporous interfacial layers (bi-MO meso IF layer) templated by a graft copolymer are synthesized between a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate and nanocrystalline TiO (nc-TiO). Amphiphilic graft copolymers, Poly(epichlorohydrin)--poly(styrene), PECH--PS, were used as a structure-directing agent, and the fabricated bi-MO meso IF layer exhibits good interconnectivity and high porosity. Even if the amount of ZnO in bi-MO meso IF layer increased, it was confirmed that the morphology and porosity of the bi-MO meso IF layer were well-maintained.

Treatment Patterns and Prognosis of Palliative Chemotherapy Combined With Targeting Agents in Patients With Unresectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: CHOICE, A Multicenter Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background/aim: This study investigated the treatment patterns and prognosis of patients with metastatic or unresectable colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with chemotherapy with targeting agents.

Patients And Methods: This longitudinal multicenter study included 963 patients with mCRC who were treated in Korea between 2016 and 2020. Treatment patterns and efficacy were compared according to the mutation status and clinical factors.

Cr-Doped FeCO Microrods Formed Directly on AISI 420 Stainless Steel to Enhance Electrochemical NO Reduction to N at Circumneutral pH.

We synthesized low-cost cathodes for use in the electrochemical NO reduction reaction (NORR) via the simple reconstruction of AISI 420 stainless steel (SS). Thermochemical treatment of the SS in oxalic acid generated iron oxalate (FeCO) microrods (BL-SS), with further anodization affording Cr-doped FeO (R-SS) or FeCO (G-SS). G-SS displayed supreme N selectivity during galvanostatic electrolysis at circumneutral pH.

Predicting micropollutant fate during wastewater treatment using refined classical kinetic model based on quantitative monitoring in multi-metropolitan regions of South Korea.

This study aimed to implement an extensive prediction model for the fate of micropollutants (MPs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Five WWTPs equipped with seven different biological treatment processes were monitored from 2020 to 2022 with three to four sampling events in each year, and 27 datasets for 20 MPs were collected. Among these datasets, 12 were used to investigate the behavior and fate of MPs in WWTPs in South Korea.

Peripheral Neuron-Organoid Interaction Induces Colonic Epithelial Differentiation via Non-Synaptic Substance P Secretion.

Background And Objectives: The colonic epithelial layer is a complex structure consisting of multiple cell types that regulate various aspects of colonic physiology, yet the mechanisms underlying epithelial cell differentiation during development remain unclear. Organoids have emerged as a promising model for investigating organogenesis, but achieving organ-like cell configurations within colonic organoids is challenging. Here, we investigated the biological significance of peripheral neurons in the formation of colonic organoids.

Opportunities and challenges of machine learning in bioprocesses: Categorization from different perspectives and future direction.

Recent advances in machine learning (ML) have revolutionized an extensive range of research and industry fields by successfully addressing intricate problems that cannot be resolved with conventional approaches. However, low interpretability and incompatibility make it challenging to apply ML to complicated bioprocesses, which rely on the delicate metabolic interplay among living cells. This overview attempts to delineate ML applications to bioprocess from different perspectives, and their inherent limitations (i.

Optimization of the Design Configuration and Operation Strategy of Single-Pass Seawater Reverse Osmosis.

The numerical study was conducted to compare process performance depending on the pump type and process configuration. The daily monitoring data of seawater temperature and salinity offshore from Daesan, Republic of Korea was used to reflect the site-specific seawater conditions. An algorithm for reverse osmosis in constant permeate mode was developed to simulate the process in time-variant conditions.

A multi-scale framework for modeling transport of microplastics during sand filtration: Bridging from pore to continuum.

The fate and transport of microplastics (MPs) during deep bed filtration were investigated using combined laboratory experiments and numerical modeling. A series of column experiments were conducted within the designated ranges of six operating parameters (i.e.