Evaluating the perioperative risks in esophageal resection and reconstruction for esophageal carcinoma among elderly patients: A retrospective propensity score matching analysis.

Introduction: With the global aging, the number of elderly candidates for esophageal resection is increasing. However, studies on esophagectomy in elderly patients have yielded conflicting results, and individuals over 75 years old are frequently excluded from studies on esophageal cancer. This study aimed to analyze perioperative and survival outcomes post-esophagectomy in elderly patients using propensity score matching (PSM).

Predicting Recurrence after Sublobar Resection in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Using Preoperative Chest CT Scans.

Background Sublobar resection for lung cancer is usually guided by cutoff values for consolidation size (maximal diameter of the solid tumor component) and consolidation-to-tumor ratio (CTR). The effects of these factors as continuous variables and the reason for established cutoffs are, to the knowledge of the authors, unexplored. Purpose To quantitatively assess the predictive value of CTR and consolidation size for cancer recurrence risk after sublobar resection in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.

Surgical prognosis of lung invasive mucinous and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma: propensity score matched analysis.

Objectives: Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma exhibits distinct prognostic outcomes compared to non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (ADC). This study investigated and compared the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of invasive mucinous and non-mucinous ADC patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent curative surgery for ADC between 2011 and 2021.

Risk prediction of multiple-station N2 metastasis in patients with upfront surgery for clinical single-station N2 non-small cell lung cancer.

To investigate long-term outcomes and develop a risk model for pathological multi-station N2 (pN2b) in patients who underwent upfront surgery for clinical single-station N2 (cN2a) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). From 2006 to 2018, 547 patients who had upfront surgery for suspected cN2a NSCLC underwent analysis. A risk model for predicting pN2b metastasis was developed using preoperative clinical variables via multivariable logistic analysis.

Prognostic Implications of Selective Dissection of Left Lower Paratracheal Lymph Nodes in Patients with Left-Sided Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to examine the clinical implications of selective station 4L lymph node dissection (S4L-LND) on survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to evaluate its potential advantages.

Methods: We enrolled patients with primary left-sided NSCLC who underwent upfront video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with R0 resection including lobectomy and segmentectomy, with or without S4L-LND, at our institution between January 2007 and December 2021. Following 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM), we compared overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) between patients with and without S4L-LND.

Recurrence Dynamics of Pathological N2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Based on IASLC Residual Tumor Descriptor.

Purpose: This study investigated the recurrence patterns and timing in patients with pathologic N2 (pN2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to the residual tumor (R) descriptor proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC).

Materials And Methods: From 2004 to 2021, patients with pN2 NSCLC who underwent anatomical resection were analyzed according to the IASLC R criteria using medical records from a single center. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards models.

Prognostic Impact of Inflammation-Based Factors in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Achieving Pathological Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery.

Background: Patients achieving pathological complete response (pCR) post-neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and surgery for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have a favorable prognosis. However, recurrence occurs in approximately 20-30% of all patients, with few studies evaluating their prognostic factors. We identified these prognostic factors, including inflammation-based markers, in patients with ESCC showing pCR after nCRT and surgery.

Outcomes of Lung Transplantation in Patients With Right Ventricular Dysfunction: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis Comparing ECMO Configurations in a Bridge-to-Transplant Setting.

This study aimed to assess the lung transplantation (LT) outcomes of patients with right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), focusing on the impact of various extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) configurations. We included adult patients who underwent LT with ECMO as a bridge-to-transplant from 2011 to 2021 at a single center. Among patients with RVD ( = 67), veno-venous (V-V) ECMO was initially applied in 79% (53/67) and maintained until LT in 52% (35/67).

Adjuvant surgical resection for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: Effectiveness and complications.

Background: Standard antibiotic treatment for nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease (NTMPD) has unsatisfactory success rates. Pulmonary resection is considered adjunctive therapy for patients with refractory disease or severe complications, but surgical indications and extent of resection remain unclear. We present surgical treatment outcomes for NTMPD and analyzes risk factors for unfavorable outcomes.

Distinguishing thymic cysts from low-risk thymomas via [F]FDG PET/CT.

Background: Thymic cysts are a rare benign disease that needs to be distinguished from low-risk thymoma. [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique used in the differential diagnosis of thymic epithelial tumours, but its usefulness for thymic cysts remains unclear. Our study evaluated the utility of visual findings and quantitative parameters of [F]FDG PET/CT for differentiating between thymic cysts and low-risk thymomas.

Validation Study for the N Descriptor of the Newly Proposed Ninth Edition of the TNM Staging System Proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to validate the discriminatory ability and clinical utility of the N descriptor of the newly proposed ninth edition of the TNM staging system for lung cancer in a large independent cohort.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent curative surgery for NSCLC between January 2004 and December 2019. The N descriptor of patients included in this study was retrospectively reclassified based on the ninth edition of the TNM classification.

Pre-operative clonal hematopoiesis is related to adverse outcome in lung cancer after adjuvant therapy.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) frequently progresses after chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We evaluated the clinical impact of preoperative CH on the survival outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent surgical resection followed by adjuvant therapy.

Methods: A total of 415 consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent surgery followed by adjuvant therapy from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed.

Clinical impact of pre-existing acute exacerbation in patients with interstitial lung disease who underwent lung transplantation.

Background: Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) significantly impacts prognosis, leading to high mortality rates. Although lung transplantation is a life-saving treatment for selected patients with ILD, its outcomes in those presenting with AE-ILD have yielded conflicting results compared with those with stable ILD. This study aims to investigate the impact of pre-existing AE on the prognosis of ILD patients who underwent lung transplantation.

Prognostic significance of extranodal extension in patients with pathologic N1 non-small cell lung cancer undergoing complete resection.

Background: The prognostic significance of extranodal extension (ENE) remains unclear in patients with pathologic N1 (pN1) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing surgery. We evaluated the prognostic impact of ENE in patients with pN1 NSCLC.

Methods: From 2004 to 2018, we retrospectively analyzed the data of 862 patients with pN1 NSCLC who underwent lobectomy and more (lobectomy, bilobectomy, pneumonectomy, sleeve lobectomy).

Long-term Surgical Outcomes in Oligometastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Study.

Background: We reviewed the clinical outcomes of patients with oligometastatic (OM) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received multimodal therapy including lung surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 117 patients with OM NSCLC who underwent complete resection of the primary tumor from 2014 to 2017.

Results: The median follow-up duration was 2.

Various recurrence dynamics for non-small cell lung cancer depending on pathological stage and histology after surgical resection.

Background: Although there are numerous postoperative surveillance guidelines for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), most guidelines recommend the same protocol for patients with different recurrence dynamics. In this study, we investigated the recurrence dynamics of NSCLC patients according to their clinical factors.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data from NSCLC patients who underwent complete resection between 2007 and 2017.

Diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in discriminating between benign and malignant lesions of the ribs.

Purpose: Imaging biomarkers for rib mass are needed to optimize treatment plan. We investigated the diagnostic value of metabolic and volumetric parameters from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in discriminating between benign and malignant lesions of the ribs.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-seven patients with pathologically proven diagnosis of rib lesions were retrospectively enrolled.

The Role of Adjuvant Therapy Following Surgical Resection of Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multi-Center Study.

Purpose: This multi-center, retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the long-term survival in patients who underwent surgical resection for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and to identify the benefit of adjuvant therapy following surgery.

Materials And Methods: The data of 213 patients who underwent surgical resection for SCLC at four institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy or an incomplete resection were excluded.

Fully Automatic Quantitative Measurement of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Thymic Epithelial Tumors Using a Convolutional Neural Network.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a deep learning (DL)-based segmentation algorithm for automatic measurement of metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), comparable performance to manual volumes of interest.

Patients And Methods: A total of 186 consecutive patients with resectable TETs and preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively enrolled (145 thymomas, 41 thymic carcinomas). A quasi-3D U-net architecture was trained to resemble ground-truth volumes of interest.