Role of reactive thrombocytosis after primary cytoreductive surgery in advanced ovarian cancer.

We investigated the incidence of reactive thrombocytosis after maximal cytoreductive surgery in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and its role in patient survival. We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery for advanced EOC from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017. We analyzed the serum platelet counts at various time points from before surgery, during the peri-operative period, and after each cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy.

A Rapid Assessing Method of Drug Susceptibility Using Flow Cytometry for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates Resistant to Isoniazid, Rifampin, and Ethambutol.

Background: The current conventional drug susceptibility test (DST) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) takes several weeks of incubation to obtain results. As a rapid method, molecular DST requires only a few days to get the results but does not fully cover the phenotypic resistance. A new rapid method based on the ability of viable Mtb bacilli to hydrolyze fluorescein diacetate to free fluorescein with detection of fluorescent mycobacteria by flow cytometric analysis, was recently developed.

Real-world Experience of Niraparib in Newly-diagnosed Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Background/aim: Niraparib is effective against epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but with adverse effects. In this study, we retrospectively investigated niraparib maintenance treatment feasibility in Korean patients newly diagnosed with EOC.

Patients And Methods: The medical records of 35 patients were reviewed.

Comparison of Laparoscopy and Laparotomy for Para-Aortic Lymphadenectomy in Women With Presumed Stage I-II High-Risk Endometrial Cancer.

To compare laparoscopic surgery to laparotomy for harvesting para-aortic lymph nodes in presumed stage I-II, high-risk endometrial cancer patients. Patients with histologically proven endometrial cancer, presumed stage I-II with high-risk tumor features who had undergone hysterectomy, bilateral salpingoophorectomy, or pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy by either laparoscopy or laparotomy in Samsung Medical Center from 2005 to 2017 were retrospectively investigated. The primary outcome was para-aortic lymph node count.

Does the Effectiveness and Mechanical Strength of Kanamycin-Loaded Bone Cement in Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis Compare to Vancomycin-Loaded Bone Cement.

Background: Antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) is used to deliver antimycobacterial agents into the focal lesion of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Although kanamycin is currently used as an antimycobacterial agent for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, there is no information about its suitability in ALBC.

Methods: An in vitro experiment was conducted with cylindrical shape of 40 g of bone cement with 1, 2, and 3 g of kanamycin.

A Lysine Acetyltransferase Contributes to the Metabolic Adaptation to Hypoxia in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Upon inhibition of respiration, which occurs in hypoxic or nitric oxide-containing host microenvironments, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) adopts a non-replicating "quiescent" state and becomes relatively unresponsive to antibiotic treatment. We used comprehensive mutant fitness analysis to identify regulatory and metabolic pathways that are essential for the survival of quiescent Mtb. This genetic study identified a protein acetyltransferase (Mt-Pat/Rv0998) that promoted survival and altered the flux of carbon from oxidative to reductive tricarboxylic acid (TCA) reactions.

How Long Does Antimycobacterial Antibiotic-loaded Bone Cement Have In Vitro Activity for Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis?

Background: Antibiotic-loaded bone cement is accepted as an effective treatment modality for musculoskeletal tuberculosis. However, comparative information regarding combinations and concentrations of second-line antimycobacterial drugs, such as streptomycin and amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, are lacking.

Questions/purposes: (1) In antibiotic-loaded cement, is there effective elution of streptomycin and Augmentin (amoxicillin and clavulanic acid) individually and in combination? (2) What is the antibacterial activity duration for streptomycin- and amoxicillin and clavulanic acid -loaded cement?

Methods: Six different types of bone cement discs were created by mixing 40 g bone cement with 1 or 2 g streptomycin only, 0.

Unique Chemokine Profiles of Lung Tissues Distinguish Post-chemotherapeutic Persistent and Chronic Tuberculosis in a Mouse Model.

There is a substantial need for biomarkers to distinguish latent stage from active infections, for predicting disease progression. To induce the reactivation of tuberculosis, we present a new experimental animal model modified based on the previous model established by our group. In the new model, the reactivation of tuberculosis is induced without administration of immunosuppressive agents, which might disturb immune responses.

Deltoid muscle volume affects clinical outcome of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in patients with cuff tear arthropathy or irreparable cuff tears.

We aimed to estimate the interrelation between preoperative deltoid muscle status by measuring the 3-dimensional deltoid muscle volume and postoperative functional outcomes after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty(RTSA). Thirty-five patients who underwent RTSA participated in this study. All patients underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) as well as pre- and postoperative radiography and various functional outcome evaluations at least 1 year.

Robust fluorescence sensing platform for detection of CD44 cells based on graphene oxide/gold nanoparticles.

Gold-coated graphene oxide hybrid material (GO/AuNPs) has exceptional physical and chemical properties like π-π stacking interaction and plays a role in quencher of fluorescence dye. Therefore, GO/AuNPs could enhance the signal-to-background ratio with fluorescence dye that was the point in this fluorescent biosensor. In this study, tetramethyl-6-carboxy-rhodamine (TAMRA)-labeled aptamers that specifically interact with the hyaluronic acid binding domain of CD44 were used as targets to investigate the applicability of the method.

DNA methylation impacts gene expression and ensures hypoxic survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

DNA methylation regulates gene expression in many organisms. In eukaryotes, DNA methylation is associated with gene repression, while it exerts both activating and repressive effects in the Proteobacteria through largely locus-specific mechanisms. Here, we identify a critical DNA methyltransferase in M.

The normalcy of dormancy: common themes in microbial quiescence.

All microorganisms are exposed to periodic stresses that inhibit growth. Many bacteria and fungi weather these periods by entering a hardy, nonreplicating state, often termed quiescence or dormancy. When this occurs during an infection, the resulting slowly growing pathogen is able to tolerate both immune insults and prolonged antibiotic exposure.

Oncologic Outcomes and Risk Factors for Recurrence after Tumor-specific Mesorectal Excision of Rectal Cancer: 782 Cases.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the oncologic outcomes and the risk factors for recurrence after a tumor-specific mesorectal excision (TSME) of resectable rectal cancer in a single institution.

Methods: A total of 782 patients who underwent a TSME for resectable rectal cancer between February 1995 and December 2005 were enrolled retrospectively. Oncologic outcomes included 5-year cancer-specific survival and its affecting factors, as well as risk factors for local and systemic recurrence.

Metabolic regulation of mycobacterial growth and antibiotic sensitivity.

Treatment of chronic bacterial infections, such as tuberculosis (TB), requires a remarkably long course of therapy, despite the availability of drugs that are rapidly bacteriocidal in vitro. This observation has long been attributed to the presence of bacterial populations in the host that are "drug-tolerant" because of their slow replication and low rate of metabolism. However, both the physiologic state of these hypothetical drug-tolerant populations and the bacterial pathways that regulate growth and metabolism in vivo remain obscure.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 uses ActR and FnrN to control nirK and nor expression.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens can grow anaerobically via denitrification. To learn more about how cells regulate production of nitrite and nitric oxide, experiments were carried out to identify proteins involved in regulating expression and activity of nitrite and nitric oxide reductase. Transcription of NnrR, required for expression of these two reductases, was found to be under control of FnrN.

Expression of nitrite and nitric oxide reductases in free-living and plant-associated Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 cells.

A number of the bacteria that form associations with plants are denitrifiers. To learn more about how the association with plants affects expression of denitrification genes, the regulation of nitrite and nitric oxide reductases was investigated in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Analysis of free-living cells revealed that expression of the genes encoding nitrite and nitric oxide reductases, nirK and nor, respectively, requires low-oxygen conditions, nitric oxide, and the transcriptional regulator NnrR.

Denitrification genes regulate Brucella virulence in mice.

Brucella is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease brucellosis, which is endemic in many parts of the world. Genome sequencing of B. suis and B.

Isolation and characterization of bacteria capable of degrading phenol and reducing nitrate under low-oxygen conditions.

Nitrate-reducing bacteria capable of degrading phenol were isolated from natural and contaminated environments under low-oxygen conditions with nitrate-containing media, using phenol as a sole carbon and energy source. A total of 27 bacteria able to degrade phenol and reduce nitrate under low-oxygen conditions were isolated from all of the inoculum samples, regardless of previous phenol contamination. For all of these bacteria, oxygen was an essential requirement for phenol degradation.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase from Helicobacter pylori.

Phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase (PPAT; EC 2.7.7.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of tRNA(m1G37)methyltransferase from Haemophilus influenzae.

The enzyme tRNA(m(1)G37)methyltransferase (TrmD) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) specifically to guanosine at position 37 within a subset of tRNA species in bacteria. The modified guanosine is next to the anticodon and is important for the maintenance of the correct reading frame during translation. TrmD from Haemophilus influenzae with both N- and C-terminal tags was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and crystallized at 297 K using sodium acetate as a precipitant.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase from Haemophilus influenzae.

The enzyme 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (CMP-KDO synthetase; CKS) catalyzes the activation of 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate (KDO) by forming CMP-KDO. It is essential for the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria and is a potential target for the discovery of antibacterial agents. L-CKS from Haemophilus influenzae was overexpressed with a C-terminal hexahistidine tag in Escherichia coli and crystallized in the presence of the substrate KDO at 297 K using PEG 4000 as a precipitant and ethylene glycol as an additive.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase (AHIR) is involved in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids in microorganisms and plants. AHIR from Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been overexpressed in Escherichia coli and crystallized at 297 K using potassium/sodium tartrate as a precipitant. X-ray diffraction data have been collected to 2.