Novel bioequivalent oral disintegrating tablet of aripiprazole prepared by direct compression technique with shortened disintegration time.

Herein, we aimed to formulate a novel oral disintegrating tablet (ODT) of aripiprazole (ARP) capable of rapid disintegration using a direct compression technique. Different ODTs were fabricated with directly compressible excipients, and their disintegration time, wettability (water absorption ratio and wetting time), and mechanical properties (hardness and friability) were evaluated. The optimized ODT comprised F-Melt® type C, Prosolv® SMCC HD90, and Na croscarmellose (10 mg of ARP in a 130 mg tablet).

Interfacial Properties and Melt Processability of Cellulose Acetate Propionate Composites by Melt Blending of Biofillers.

A series of eco-friendly biocomposites with improved mechanical properties and interfacial interaction were prepared by melt-mixing natural fibers using a cellulose acetate derivative as a polymer matrix and used to evaluate their mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties. The natural fiber used as a biofiller was pre-surface-treated by a refining process using alkali and natural enzymes to improve compatibility and increase interfacial bonding with biopolymer substrate. To increase the processability of the cellulose material, the raw material was plasticized and the composition prepared in the form of pellets in a twin-screw extruder by mixing with an additive before being molded through an injection process.

Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene-Based Flame Retardant Composites by Surface Modification of Flame Retardants.

A flame retardant refers to a substance that can be added to a material having the property of being efficiently combusted to improve the material physically and chemically. It should not affect the physical properties required for the final product. Halogen-based compounds are representative flame retardants with excellent flame retardancy.

On-Chip Microwave Frequency Combs in a Superconducting Nanoelectromechanical Device.

Nanomechanical resonances coupled to microwave cavities can be excited, measured, and controlled simultaneously using electromechanical back-action phenomena. Examples of these effects include sideband cooling and amplification, which are commonly described through linear equations of motion governed by an effective optomechanical Hamiltonian. However, this linear approximation is invalid when the pump-induced cavity microwave field is large enough to trigger optomechanical nonlinearities, resulting in phenomena like frequency combs.

Preoperative rotator cuff tendon integrity, tear size, and muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration are associated with structural outcomes of arthroscopic revision rotator cuff repair.

Purpose: A few studies have focused on factors predisposing to retear after arthroscopic revision rotator cuff repair (ARRCR). This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate (1) the structural and clinical outcomes of ARRCR and (2) pre- and intraoperative factors affecting the integrity of the rotator cuff (RC) tendon by focusing on preoperative RC tendon integrity, tear size, muscle hypotrophy and fatty infiltration.

Methods: Patients who underwent ARRCR between 2006 and 2016 were reviewed.

Deep-learning framework and computer assisted fatty infiltration analysis for the supraspinatus muscle in MRI.

Occupation ratio and fatty infiltration are important parameters for evaluating patients with rotator cuff tears. We analyzed the occupation ratio using a deep-learning framework and studied the fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus muscle using an automated region-based Otsu thresholding technique. To calculate the amount of fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus muscle using an automated region-based Otsu thresholding technique.

Superconducting Nanoelectromechanical Transducer Resilient to Magnetic Fields.

Nanoscale electromechanical coupling provides a unique route toward control of mechanical motions and microwave fields in superconducting cavity electromechanical devices. However, conventional devices composed of aluminum have presented severe constraints on their operating conditions due to the low superconducting critical temperature (1.2 K) and magnetic field (0.

Effect of Preoperative Frozen Shoulder on Clinical Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair.

Background: A concomitant rotator cuff tear (RCT) with frozen shoulder is a common but challenging clinical scenario. The effect of frozen shoulder on clinical outcomes is open to discussion.

Purpose/hypothesis: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of preoperative frozen shoulder on postoperative clinical outcomes of an RCT.

First Observation of Ferroelectricity in ∼1 nm Ultrathin Semiconducting BaTiO Films.

The requirements of multifunctionality in thin-film systems have led to the discovery of unique physical properties and degrees of freedom, which exist only in film forms. With progress in growth techniques, one can decrease the film thickness to the scale of a few nanometers (∼nm), where its unique physical properties are still pronounced. Among advanced ultrathin film systems, ferroelectrics have generated tremendous interest.

Does creating a trough on the anterior glenoid rim make a difference in Arthroscopic Bankart repair using suture anchors? A mid-term follow-up retrospective study.

Purpose: Creating a trough on the anterior glenoid rim is one of the methods used for arthroscopic Bankart repair with suture anchors. The purpose of this study was to analyze clinical and radiological outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart repair with suture anchors; to compare between the outcomes of surgical procedures with and without trough.

Methods: Clinical and radiological outcomes were evaluated for 116 patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair at our institute from 2005 to 2011.

A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Risk Factors for Medium-Sized Rotator Cuff Tear in Patients Younger Than 50 Years of Age.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate preoperative and intraoperative factors associated with rotator cuff tears (RCTs) among patients younger than 50 years and to compare arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) results in patients younger than 50 years (group A) and patients older than 70 years (group B). We also analyzed the results after arthroscopic RCR in these 2 age groups.

Methods: Data were collected from 56 patients allocated to group A and 55 patients allocated to group B who had medium-sized RCTs and had undergone arthroscopic RCR between January 2006 and August 2015.

Evaluation of risk factors for irreparable rotator cuff tear in patients older than age 70 including evaluation of radiologic factors of the shoulder.

Background: Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are generally considered to occur at the age of 40 to 50, but some becomes massive tears at the age of 60 to 70 if neglected. This study evaluated preoperative factors affecting tear size and reparability of rotator cuffs based on magnetic resonance imaging findings among patients older than age 70.

Methods: We identified 270 patients with full-thickness RCTs (175 reparable tears, group A; 95 irreparable tears, group B) that were confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging findings from January 2009 to March 2016.

Broadband Surface Plasmon Lasing in One-dimensional Metallic Gratings on Semiconductor.

We report surface plasmon (SP) lasing in metal/semiconductor nanostructures, where one-dimensional periodic silver slit gratings are placed on top of an InGaAsP layer. The SP nature of the lasing is confirmed from the emission wavelength governed by the grating period, polarization analysis, spatial coherence, and comparison with the linear transmission. The excellent performance of the device as an SP source is demonstrated by its tunable emission in the 400-nm-wide telecom wavelength band at room temperature.

Factors that Influence Reduction Loss in Proximal Humerus Fracture Surgery.

Objectives: This study was performed to identify the risk factors for reduction loss after locking plate fixation of proximal humerus fractures.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University trauma center.

Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on gamma-ray treatment of phenol in different matrices: implications in toxicity toward Daphnia magna.

Gamma-ray treatment of phenol was studied in terms of both chemical degradation and toxicological change. About 90% of phenol (5.0 × 10(-4) M) in ultrapure water (UW) was eliminated by gamma-irradiation at a dose of 10 kGy, but acute toxicity was dramatically increased, particularly for dose of 1 kGy, due to the formation of more toxic by-products such as hydroquinone, benzoquinone, resorcinol and catechol.

Facile synthesis of 2-O-iodoacetyl protected glycosyl iodides: useful precursors of 1-->2-linked 1,2-trans-glycosides.

The preparation and utilization of novel iodide glycosyl donors, 2-O-iodoacetyl-glycopyranosyl iodides, is described. The mechanism for the reaction of iodine with carbohydrate cyclic ketene acetal was investigated through low-temperature NMR experiments. 2-O-Iodoacetyl-glycopyranosyl iodides can serve as effective glycosyl donors giving 2-O-iodoacetyl 1,2-trans-glycosides in high yields and excellent stereoselectivities.

Toxicity identification in metal plating effluent: implications in establishing effluent discharge limits using bioassays in Korea.

Because of complexity and diversity of toxicants in effluent, chemical analysis alone gives very limited information on identifying toxic chemicals to test organisms. Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) techniques have been widely used to identify toxicants in various samples including industrial wastewater as well as natural waters. In response to new regulation for effluent discharge in Korea, which will be effective from 2011, a necessity of studies emerges that investigates toxicity levels in industrial effluents.

Synchronized oscillation in coupled nanomechanical oscillators.

We report measurements of synchronization in two nanomechanical beam oscillators coupled by a mechanical element. We charted multiple regions of frequency entrainment or synchronization by their corresponding Arnold's tongue diagrams as the oscillator was driven at subharmonic and rational commensurate frequencies. Demonstration of multiple synchronized regions could be fundamentally important to neurocomputing with mechanical oscillator networks and nanomechanical signal processing for microwave communication.

Intramolecular ionic Diels-Alder reactions of alpha-acetylenic acetals.

The intramolecular ionic Diels-Alder reaction of alpha-acetylenic acetals as a precursor of the propargyl cation has been investigated in the presence of Lewis acids and in protic acids. The reaction of diene-tethered alpha-acetylenic acetals (1-2) with formic acid yielded the regioselective intramolecular ionic Diels-Alder reaction products, bicyclodienal (9) and bicyclodienone (11) derivatives, in good yields.