Advanced spectroscopic evidence for the sequestration of heavy metals via repetitive in situ synthesis of Fe oxide.

The in situ synthesis of Fe oxide is an established method for stabilizing metals and metalloids (Me) in contaminated soils. Nevertheless, the potential for enhanced Me sequestration through repeated Fe oxide application and the fundamental mechanisms of this process yet to be systemically investigated. In this study, the means by which repetitive Fe oxide synthesis enhances the immobilization of Cd, Zn, and As was investigated using batch experiments.

Removal of cadmium and zinc by calcium polysulfide in acidic groundwater: Injection ratio and precipitation mechanism.

In this study, we conducted lab-scale experiments to assess the applicability of calcium polysulfide (CPS) for the removal of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) from acidic groundwater, with an emphasis on the injection ratio and removal mechanism. For the experiments, CPS was used to treat Cd⁺ and Zn⁺ contaminated solution. Solutions were purged with nitrogen gas, and CPS was injected in an anaerobic chamber.

Validation of Signal Intensity Gradient from TOF-MRA for Wall Shear Stress by Phase-Contrast MR.

To validate the correlation between the signal intensity gradient (SIG) from time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) and wall shear stress (WSS) determined by phase contrast magnetic resonance (PC-MR), we conducted both experimental and human studies. In the experimental study, we measured WSS in four tubes of different sizes with variable flow rates using PC-MR and TOF-MRA. The flow rates of water in the experimental study ranged from 0.

Rapid detection and identification of microplastics from nonchemically treated soil with CARS microspectroscopy.

In conventional microplastic (MP) analysis, acid or alkaline digestion is a necessary pretreatment step to remove residual organic matter from environmental samples. However, such a digestion process is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also possibly cause severe chemical damage to the MP itself, often making accurate MP characterization difficult. This study demonstrates that broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microspectroscopy is useful for rapidly detecting and identifying MPs in natural soil without any digestion process.

Cerebral artery signal intensity gradient from Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography and clinical outcome in lenticulostriate infarction: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Lenticulostriate infarction requires further research of arterial hemodynamic factors, as the disease is diagnosed in the absence of major arterial stenosis or cardioembolism.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we included patients who were hospitalized for lenticulostriate infarction from January 2015 to March 2021 at three stroke centers in South Korea. We obtained hemodynamic information on cerebral arteries using signal intensity gradient (SIG), an approximated wall shear stress (WSS) derived from Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography (TOF-MRA).

Geometric versus Hemodynamic Indexes for Rupture-Destined Aneurysms: A Retrospective Cohort and a Repeated-Measures Study.

Introduction: A proper stratification of intracranial aneurysms is critical in identifying rupture-destined aneurysms and unruptured intracranial aneurysms. We aimed to determine the utility of geometric and hemodynamic indexes in differentiating two types of aneurysms and to examine the characteristics of natural evolutionary changes of unruptured aneurysms.

Methods: Rupture-destined aneurysm refers to an aneurysm that undergoes subsequent aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Identification of strontium substitution mechanism in hematite via calcium solution.

Nonradioactive strontium (Sr) are produced as a result of radioactive decay of heavier elements such as uranium and thorium. Nonradioactive Sr shares physicochemical similarities with Ca and can replace it during bone formation, which may cause bone cancer in humans. Hence, concerning the potential hazards associated with strontium, it is imperative to eliminate it.

New insights into surface behavior of dimethylated arsenicals on montmorillonite using X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Although recent studies have revealed the occurrence of dimethylated arsenicals, little is known about their behavior in environment. This study investigates the adsorption behavior of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTA), and dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA) on montmorillonite. Complicated transformations among arsenicals under normal environmental conditions were also considered.

Size dependent impacts of a model microplastic on nitrification induced by interaction with nitrifying bacteria.

Two sizes of polystyrene (PS) were compared to investigate their impact on nitrification. The smaller PS (50 nm) had a higher impact than the larger PS (500 nm). Lower NO and NO accumulation was observed in the 50 nm PS treatment.

Association of Carotid Artery Endothelial Signal Intensity Gradient with Unilateral Large Artery Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) are aligned linearly, but their hemodynamic role in ischemic stroke has not been studied in depth.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether CCA and ICA endothelial shear stress (ESS) could be associated with the ischemic stroke of large artery atherosclerosis (LAA).

Methods: We enrolled consecutive patients with unilateral ischemic stroke of LAA and healthy controls aged >60 years in the stroke center of Jeonbuk National University Hospital.

Clinical Factors Associated with the Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Background: The occurrence of intracranial aneurysms is higher in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) than in the healthy population. However, research concerning the factors related to the risk of intracranial aneurysm rupture in patients with ADPKD is still insufficient.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of intracranial aneurysms and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to analyze the systemic factors associated with high-risk aneurysms in patients with ADPKD.

Contribution of precipitation and adsorption on stabilization of Pb in mine waste by basic oxygen furnace slag and the stability of Pb under reductive condition.

A basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag was used to stabilize lead (Pb) in a mine waste. Stabilization efficiencies differed depending on the slag contents (i.e.

Interactions between substrate characteristics and microbial communities on biogas production yield and rate.

In this study, leather fleshing waste (LFW) and a complementary substrate (food waste leachate; FWL) were co-digested. The main focus of research was to study effects on biogas production caused by interactions between co-substrates when combined in different mixing ratios and changes on microbial community structures. Due to a positive effect of co-digestion (i.

Mechanism for alkaline leachate reduction through calcium carbonate precipitation on basic oxygen furnace slag by different carbonate sources: Application of NaHCO and CO gas.

Carbonate treatment was tested as a means to mitigate the generation of alkaline leachate from basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag. BOF slag was treated with 0.1, 0.

Impact of Endothelial Shear Stress on the Bilateral Progression of Unilateral Moyamoya Disease.

Background and Purpose- In unilateral moyamoya disease, altered endothelial shear stress on the intact-side terminal internal carotid artery might trigger the progression to bilateral disease. We analyzed the endothelial shear stress parameters of the normally appearing terminal internal carotid artery in unilateral moyamoya disease and its association with the progression to bilateral disease. Methods- This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with unilateral moyamoya disease by cerebral angiography and followed-up with regular magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography evaluations for >1 year.

FusionPro, a Versatile Proteogenomic Tool for Identification of Novel Fusion Transcripts and Their Potential Translation Products in Cancer Cells.

Fusion proteoforms are translation products derived from gene fusion. Although very rare, the fusion proteoforms play important roles in biomedical science. For example, fusion proteoforms influence the development of tumors by serving as cancer markers or cell cycle regulators.

Interaction among soil physicochemical properties, bacterial community structure, and arsenic contamination: Clay-induced change in long-term arsenic contaminated soils.

Pyrosequencing analyses to determine soil bacterial communities were conducted with forty-two soil samples collected from rice paddy and forest/farmland soils (Group A and B, respectively) at a long-term As-contaminated site. Soil physicochemical properties, such as the concentrations of As, Fe, Al, and Mn, pH, organic matter content, and clay content, were found to be significantly different with land use, and more importantly, strongly affected the bacterial community structure of the soil samples. When fitting the soil properties onto a nonmetric multidimensional scale plot of soil bacterial communities, clay content was found to be the most important factor in clustering the bacterial communities (R = 0.

Effect of warfarin versus aspirin on blood viscosity in cardioembolic stroke with atrial fibrillation: a prospective clinical trial.

Background: Warfarin is evidence-based therapy for the prevention of cardioembolic stroke, but has not been studied for its effects on whole blood viscosity (WBV). This study investigated the effect of warfarin versus aspirin on WBV in patients presenting with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and acute cardioembolic stroke.

Methods: We enrolled patients with acute cerebral infarction, aged 56-90 years who had NVAF, CHADS score ≥ 2, presenting with mild-to-moderate stroke (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score < 20 and modified Rankin Scale (2mRS) score < 4) in a single center.

ASV-ID, a Proteogenomic Workflow To Predict Candidate Protein Isoforms on the Basis of Transcript Evidence.

One of the goals of the Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) is to map and characterize the functions of protein isoforms produced by alternative splicing of genes. However, identifying alternative splice variants (ASVs) via mass spectrometry remains a major challenge, because ASVs usually contain highly homologous peptide sequences. A routine protein sequence analysis suggests that more than half of the investigated proteins do not generate two or more uniquely mapping peptides that would enable their isoforms to be distinguished.

Stabilization mechanism of arsenic in mine waste using basic oxygen furnace slag: The role of water contents on stabilization efficiency.

Arsenic stabilization mechanism in a mine waste was investigated using a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag. A lab-scale batch test was carried out to stabilize As in the mine waste samples for 1 h, where various amounts of the BOF slag and distilled water were introduced. Different stabilization efficiencies were observed depending on the stabilizing conditions (i.

Microbubble signal and trial of org in acute stroke treatment (TOAST) classification in ischemic stroke.

Purpose: Right-to-left shunt (RLS) through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is likely associated with ischemic stroke. Many studies have attempted to demonstrate the association between RLS and ischemic stroke. However, information on the association between the degree of RLS and the subtypes of ischemic stroke categorized by the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification is lacking.

Photodegradation of tetracycline and sulfathiazole individually and in mixtures.

Antibiotics in environment can be of concern as they can enter the food chain posing risks to ecosystems and human health. Photodegradation has been considered as a promising way of naturally degrading antibiotics in environment. Antibiotics are usually present in mixtures in environment; however, previous studies focused on individual compounds.

Preparation of DMMTAV and DMDTAV Using DMAV for Environmental Applications: Synthesis, Purification, and Confirmation.

Dimethylated thioarsenicals such as dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA) and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTA), which are produced by the metabolic pathway of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) thiolation, have been recently found in the environment as well as human organs. DMMTA and DMDTA can be quantified to determine the ecological effects of dimethylated thioarsenicals and their stability in environmental media. The synthesis method for these compounds is unstandardized, making replicating previous studies challenging.

Direct Assessment of Wall Shear Stress by Signal Intensity Gradient from Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography.

The aim of the study was to calculate the arterial wall signal intensity gradient (SIG) from time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) and represent arterial wall shear stress. We developed a new algorithm that uses signal intensity (SI) of a TOF-MRA to directly calculate the signal intensity gradient (SIG). The results from our phantom study showed that the TOF-MRA SIG could be used to distinguish the magnitude of blood flow rate as high (mean SIG ± SD, 2.