Metabotypes Related to Meat and Vegetable Intake Reflect Microbial, Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism in Healthy People.

Scope: The objective of this study is to develop a new methodology to identify the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolites indicative of food intake and metabolism.

Methods And Results: Plasma and urine samples from healthy Swiss subjects (n = 89) collected over two time points are analyzed for a panel of host-microbial metabolites using GC- and LC-MS. Dietary intake is evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire.

A 48-Hour Vegan Diet Challenge in Healthy Women and Men Induces a BRANCH-Chain Amino Acid Related, Health Associated, Metabolic Signature.

Scope: Research is limited on diet challenges to improve health. A short-term, vegan protein diet regimen nutritionally balanced in macronutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet is hypothesized to improve metabolic measurements of blood sugar regulation, blood lipids, and amino acid metabolism.

Methods And Results: This randomized, cross-over, controlled vegan versus animal diet challenge is conducted on 21 (11 female,10 male) healthy participants.

One-carbon metabolism, cognitive impairment and CSF measures of Alzheimer pathology: homocysteine and beyond.

Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer disease (AD). Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid and metabolite of the methionine pathway. The interrelated methionine, purine, and thymidylate cycles constitute the one-carbon metabolism that plays a critical role in the synthesis of DNA, neurotransmitters, phospholipids, and myelin.

Urinary metabolic insights into host-gut microbial interactions in healthy and IBD children.

Aim: To identify metabolic signatures in urine samples from healthy and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) children.

Methods: We applied liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to targeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolite profiling to identify and quantify bile acids and host-gut microbial metabolites in urine samples collected from 21 pediatric IBD patients monitored three times over one year (baseline, 6 and 12 mo), and 27 age- and gender-matched healthy children.

Results: urinary metabolic profiles of IBD children differ significantly from healthy controls.

High Throughput and Quantitative Measurement of Microbial Metabolome by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Using Automated Alkyl Chloroformate Derivatization.

The ability to identify and quantify small molecule metabolites derived from gut microbial-mammalian cometabolism is essential for the understanding of the distinct metabolic functions of the microbiome. To date, analytical protocols that quantitatively measure a complete panel of microbial metabolites in biological samples have not been established but are urgently needed by the microbiome research community. Here, we report an automated high-throughput quantitative method using a gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOFMS) platform to simultaneously measure over one hundred microbial metabolites in human serum, urine, feces, and Escherichia coli cell samples within 15 min per sample.

High-throughput and simultaneous quantitative analysis of homocysteine-methionine cycle metabolites and co-factors in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by isotope dilution LC-MS/MS.

The methionine cycle is a key pathway contributing to the regulation of human health, with well-established involvement in cardiovascular diseases and cognitive function. Changes in one-carbon cycle metabolites have also been associated with mild cognitive decline, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Today, there is no single analytical method to monitor both metabolites and co-factors of the methionine cycle.

High-throughput method for the quantitation of metabolites and co-factors from homocysteine-methionine cycle for nutritional status assessment.

Aim: There is increasing interest in the profiling and quantitation of methionine pathway metabolites for health management research. Currently, several analytical approaches are required to cover metabolites and co-factors.

Results: We report the development and the validation of a method for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of 13 metabolites in red blood cells.

Cereal foods are the major source of betaine in the Western diet--analysis of betaine and free choline in cereal foods and updated assessments of betaine intake.

Betaine and its precursor choline are important components of one-carbon metabolism, remethylating homocysteine into methionine and providing methyl groups for DNA methylation. Cereals are the main source of betaine in the diet, though there is little literature available on the content of betaine in cereal products, nor on betaine intake from cereals. Betaine and free-choline concentrations were measured by liquid-chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in a wide range of commercially available cereal foods and cereal fractions.