Higher education level as a protective factor against executive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy in Mataram, Indonesia.

Objective: Since the concept of cognitive reserve is applicable in epilepsy-associated cognitive impairment, the role of cognitive reserve components as a protective factor against epilepsy-associated executive dysfunction needs further investigation. This study aimed at investigating the association between cognitive reserve components and the frequency of epilepsy-associated executive dysfunction in Mataram, Indonesia.

Methods: This case-control study involved both epilepsy outpatient and healthy participants recruited consecutively in 5 hospitals in Mataram, between October 2021 and September 2022.