[Guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of obesity. Update 2024].

This document updates the "Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of obesity" issued by the Nutrition Committee of the Argentine Pediatric Society, published in Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría in 2011. Obesity has a multifactorial etiology. It is recommended to diagnose it taking into account anthropometry, personal and family history, and clinical data that indicate complications (sleep apnea, elevated alanine transaminase and/or glycemia, and other components of the metabolic syndrome).

Most of the photons that reionized the Universe came from dwarf galaxies.

The identification of sources driving cosmic reionization, a major phase transition from neutral hydrogen to ionized plasma around 600-800 Myr after the Big Bang, has been a matter of debate. Some models suggest that high ionizing emissivity and escape fractions (f) from quasars support their role in driving cosmic reionization. Others propose that the high f values from bright galaxies generate sufficient ionizing radiation to drive this process.

A high black-hole-to-host mass ratio in a lensed AGN in the early Universe.

Early JWST observations have uncovered a population of red sources that might represent a previously overlooked phase of supermassive black hole growth. One of the most intriguing examples is an extremely red, point-like object that was found to be triply imaged by the strong lensing cluster Abell 2744 (ref. ).

Mismatch between the prevalence of overweight and obese children and adolescents and recording in electronic health records: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically in recent years. An electronic health record (EHR) can be used to identify and manage overweight and obesity by providing timely information.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity using anthropometric data from an EHR and to compare it with the frequency of diagnoses of 'overweight' and 'obesity' registered by pediatricians.

Development of in vitro biocompatibility assays for surgical material.

This work reports the development of a test to evaluate the biologic effects of implant material used in orthopaedics and traumatology based on the examination of inflammation and allergic reactions at the cellular level. The variation in arachidonic acid metabolite production by murine peritoneal macrophage cultures was studied using different powders of implant material. Macrophage activation by zymosan served as a control.

Blood-brain barrier permeability, cerebral edema, and neurologic function after closed head injury in rats.

We previously described the time course of changes in neurologic status (as indicated by neurologic severity score [NSS]) and cerebral edema (as indicated by brain tissue specific gravity and water content) after closed head trauma in rats. The present study was designed to determine whether head trauma alters the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the role of the BBB in edema formation and neurologic outcome, and the effect of MK-801 (a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist) on BBB permeability. Rats in which cranial impact was delivered during ether anesthesia (n = 106) were killed at 15 min, 1, 2, 4, 10, and 24 h, and 2, 4, and 7 days.

[Epidermoid carcinoma arising in femoral osteitis. A case].

The authors report a case of malignant degeneration arising from a fistula in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis of the femur. This rare complication (0.2 per cent-1.

[Paralysis of the radial nerve and supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. A study of a series of 11 cases].

Eleven radial nerve paralyses, associated with supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children, are reported: 2 incomplete motor, 5 complete motor, 2 complete motor and partial sensory and 2 complete motor and total sensory. The palsy was noticed before any treatment in 8 cases. In the 3 other cases, the palsy was secondary to difficult and repetitive closed reduction manoeuvers.

[Infection of an open fracture caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. A case report].

With regard to a case report and the review of literature the authors point out that this uncommon but severe infection due to an aero-anaerobia bacteria, existing preferentially in stagnant or running water. This seriousness leads to the use of appropriate antibiotics instead of those usually prescribed in compound fractures, and most of the time, to the use of irrigation-stucking drainage of the wounds.