The cleistogamy of the mutation is sensitive to low temperatures during the lodicule-forming stage.

We reported previously that the rice ( L.) cleistogamous mutation () was applicable to inhibit outcrossing between genetically modified varieties and their relatives, which causes pollen-mediated gene flow or disturbance of line purity. The cleistogamy of is caused by decreased protein-protein interactions between the mutant SPW1 and its partner proteins.

The superwoman1-cleistogamy2 mutant is a novel resource for gene containment in rice.

Outcrossing between cultivated plants and their related wild species may result in the loss of favourable agricultural traits in the progeny or escape of transgenes in the environment. Outcrossing can be physically prevented by using cleistogamous (i.e.

Expression analysis of genes for callose synthases and Rho-type small GTP-binding proteins that are related to callose synthesis in rice anther.

The most chilling-sensitive stage of rice has been found to be at the onset of microspore release. The microsporocytes produce a wall of callose between the primary cell wall and the plasma membrane, and it has been shown that precise regulation of callose synthesis and degradation in anther is essential for fertile pollen formation. In this study, genes for 10 callose synthases in the rice genome were fully annotated and phylogenetically analyzed.

cDNA microarray analysis of rice anther genes under chilling stress at the microsporogenesis stage revealed two genes with DNA transposon Castaway in the 5'-flanking region.

Rice is most chilling sensitive at the onset of microspore release. Chilling treatment at this stage causes male sterility. The gene expression profile during the microspore development process under chilling stress was revealed using a microarray that included 8,987 rice cDNAs.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel beta-1,3-glucanase gene from rice.

Beta-1,3-glucanases are referred to as pathogenesis-related proteins and they are also involved in several developmental processes. We isolated a cDNA for beta-1,3-glucanase from rice anther and named it Oryza sativa glucanase 1 (Osg1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that Osg1 belonged to monocotyledonous endo-beta-1,3-glucanase subgroup A.