Methylglyoxal compromises callus mineralization and impairs fracture healing through suppression of osteoblast terminal differentiation.

Impaired fracture healing in diabetic patients leads to prolonged morbidity and increased healthcare costs. Methylglyoxal (MG), a reactive metabolite elevated in diabetes, is implicated in various complications, but its direct impact on bone healing remains unclear. Here, using a non-diabetic murine tibial fracture model, we demonstrate that MG directly impairs fracture healing.

Isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in frail individuals with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in Japan.

This post-marketing surveillance (PMS) assessed the safety and effectiveness of isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in frail individuals during real-world use in Japan. Data from all individuals with RRMM treated with Isa-Pd in Japan between October 2020 and October 2021 were collected, with follow-up continued up to 12 months after starting Isa-Pd or until discontinuation. In the overall PMS population, 40 participants were classified as frail (33.

RELAY: Final Overall Survival for Erlotinib Plus Ramucirumab or Placebo in Untreated, EGFR-Mutated Metastatic NSCLC.

Introduction: RELAY, a global double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study (NCT02411448) found statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (primary end point) for ramucirumab (RAM) plus erlotinib (ERL) (RAM + ERL) in patients with untreated EGFR-mutated metastatic NSCLC (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46-0.

The Impact of a Commensality Intervention on Physician Burnout.

Commensality, the act of eating together, when organized around facilitated discussion is an evidence-based intervention that can promote engagement and reduce physician burnout. The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptance, and impact of a commensality intervention for physicians. The Commensality Intervention was based on a Mayo Clinic model that consisted of 6, 2-hour dinner meetings at local restaurants over 6 months with facilitated discussion.

Enhanced Stability and Brightness through Co-Substitution: Promoting Plant Growth with Green-Excited Deep Red Phosphor CaSrLiMgAlN:yEu.

The research utilized a strategy of chemical unit co-substitution, successfully developing a novel blue-green to green excited, deep red-emitting phosphor, CaSrLiMgAlN:yEu (CLA-2xM-zS:yEu, 0≤x≤0.8, 0.003≤y≤0.

Enhanced Quantum Efficiency via Co-Substitution in Red-Emitting Phosphor Sr[MgAlN] : Eu for Advanced Spectroscopic Applications Including Laser Displays with Ultra-High Luminescence Saturation Threshold.

In order to obtain novel and more efficient red light-emitting materials, a series of Sr[MgLiAlSiN] : 0.01Eu (SMAN-xLS, 0≤x≤0.5) red phosphors were devised and successfully synthesized via the high temperature solid state reaction and the effects of the co-substitution of [Mg-Al] by [Li-Si] on structural and luminescence properties is investigated in detail.

Representation of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Individuals in Clinical Trials.

Importance: Having diverse participants in clinical trials ensures new drug products work well across different demographic groups, making health care safer and more effective for everyone. Information on the extent of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander participation in clinical trials is limited.

Objective: To examine representation of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders in clinical trials leading to the first US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for the 10 drug products with the top worldwide sales forecasts in 2024.

Progression of aortic calcification among Japanese in Japan and white and Japanese Americans: a prospective cohort study.

Aims: Continued low mortality from coronary heart disease in Japan, despite deleterious changes in traditional risk factors, remains unexplained. Since aortic calcification (AC) was an early predictor of cardiovascular mortality, we compared the progression and incidence of AC between Japanese in Japan, white Americans, and third-generation Japanese Americans in the ERA JUMP cohort. We examined whether higher blood levels of marine-derived n-3 fatty acids (FAs) in Japanese than in Americans accounted for the difference.

Development of Secure Infrastructure for Advancing Generative AI Research in Healthcare at an Academic Medical Center.

The increasing interest in leveraging generative AI models in healthcare necessitates secure infrastructure at academic medical centers. Without an all-encompassing secure system, researchers may create their own insecure microprocesses, risking the exposure of protected health information (PHI) to the public internet or its inadvertent incorporation into AI model training. To address these challenges, our institution implemented a secure pathway to the Azure OpenAI Service using our own private OpenAI instance which we fully control to facilitate high-throughput, secure LLM queries.

Capmatinib in MET exon 14-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer: final results from the open-label, phase 2 GEOMETRY mono-1 trial.

Background: Capmatinib has previously shown activity in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a MET exon 14-skipping mutation (METex14). Here, we report the final outcomes from the phase 2 GEOMETRY mono-1 study with an aim to provide further evidence for the activity of capmatinib.

Methods: In this non-randomised, multi-cohort, open-label, phase 2 trial conducted in 152 centres and hospitals in 25 countries, with patients treated in 95 centres in 20 countries, eligible patients (aged ≥18 years) with MET-dysregulated, EGFR wild-type, and ALK rearrangement-negative advanced NSCLC (stage IIIB/IV) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 were assigned to cohorts (1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6 and 7) based on their MET status (METex14 or MET amplification) and previous therapy lines.

Characteristics of longitudinal changes in quality of life and associated factors in patients post cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery: insights from a prospective cohort study.

Background: Although quality of life (QOL) is an outcome of postoperative cardiac rehabilitation (CR), its course and related factors from postoperative hospitalization to the post-discharge period have not been adequately investigated. Additionally, the EuroQol-5Dimension-5Level (EQ-5D-5L) index score has not been characterized over the same period. We aimed to characterize QOL changes assessed by the EQ-5D-5L, over the period from hospitalization to 1 year post-discharge, in patients post-cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery, and investigate the factors associated with these temporal changes.

Association between social jetlag and weight and fat reduction in dieting.

Unlabelled: Objectives: Social jetlag (SJL), the discrepancy between an individual's inherent circadian rhythm and external social schedule, is associated with obesity. This study aimed to investigate whether SJL also influences body weight and body fat loss during dieting. Methods: This was an observational study from 2015 to 2018 with participants who had joined an exercise and nutrition program at a private personal training gym.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering on Size-Classified Silver Nanoparticles Generated by Laser Ablation.

This study delved into the complex interplay between the nanostructural characteristics of nanoparticles and their efficacy in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for sensitive detection of trace chemical substances. Silver nanoparticles were prepared for the SERS substrate by combining laser ablation, postannealing processes (up to 500 °C), and electrostatic mobility classification, allowing high-purity silver nanoparticles with controlling their sizes (40-100 nm) and aggregate structures. These nanoparticles were then inertially deposited on the substrates to create SERS-active surfaces, employing Rhodamine B as a probe to assess the impact of particle size, shape, and deposition density on SERS effectiveness.

Aortic Replacement for a Crawford II Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm With a Right-Sided Descending Aorta: A Case Report.

A 53-year-old woman was diagnosed with a Crawford II thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm involving the right-sided descending aorta. The patient underwent aortic replacement via a thoracoabdominal approach. The right-sided descending thoracic aortic aneurysm was excluded.

Direct Measurement of DCD Donor Potential.

Background: Existing methods of comparing organ procurement organization (OPO) performance use administrative data to indirectly measure donation after circulatory death (DCD). The purpose of this study was to categorize and quantify reasons that potential DCD donors do not progress to donation to facilitate the direct measurement of OPO donor potential.

Methods: Records of all 18 685 potential organ donors referred to the organ procurement agency OneLegacy in 2021 and 2022 were reviewed, and reasons that cases did not proceed to donation were categorized and quantified.

Interaction between Intestinal Parasites and the Gut Microbiota: Implications for the Intestinal Immune Response and Host Defence.

Intestinal parasites, including helminths and protozoa, account for a significant portion of the global health burden. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract not only serves as the stage for these parasitic infections but also as the residence for millions of microbes. As the intricacies of the GI microbial milieu continue to unfold, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the interactions between host, parasite, and resident microbes help dictate parasite survival and, ultimately, disease outcomes.

A Novel Predictive Score Model for Successful Weaning From Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock.

Background: Clinical evidence regarding predictors of successful weaning from mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is lacking. This study aimed to create a simple risk score to predict successful weaning from MCS in patients with cardiogenic shock.

Methods And Results: This retrospective single-center cohort study included 114 consecutive patients with cardiogenic shock treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or IMPELLA between January 2013 and June 2023.

Validation of Quality Assessment Measures for Inpatient Gastroenterology Consults on Oncologic Patients in Non-teaching Services at a Cancer Center: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To develop and validate tools for measuring inpatient gastroenterology (GI) consultation quality on oncologic patients.

Methods: A total of 145 inpatient GI consults were analyzed using electronic health records in this cross-sectional study. Essential Consult Elements on oncologic-hospitalized patients (EE-COH) and Hospitalized Oncologic Patients Enhanced Quality of Consult Assessment Tool (HOPE-QCAT) were used for grading.

Electrical stimulation for brighter persistent luminescence.

An immature understanding of the mechanisms of persistent luminescence (PersL) has hindered the development of new persistent luminescent materials (PersLMs) with increased brightness. In this regard, in-situ direct current (DC) electric field measurements were conducted on a layered structure composed of the SrAlO:Eu,Dy phosphor, and an electrode. In this study, the photoluminescence (PL) and afterglow properties were investigated with respect to voltage by analyzing the current signal and thermoluminescence (TL) spectroscopy.

Isatuximab with pomalidomide-dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: post-marketing surveillance in Japan.

This post-marketing surveillance assessed the safety and effectiveness of isatuximab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone (Isa-Pd) for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) during real-world use in Japan. Data from 211 individuals with RRMM treated with Isa-Pd in Japan between October 2020 and October 2021 were collected, with follow-up for up to 12 months after initiation of Isa-Pd or until treatment discontinuation. The incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), ADRs of special interest (infusion reactions, bone marrow suppression, infections, cardiac disorders, other ADRs of Grade ≥ 3), and serious ADRs was assessed.

Phase 2 trial of crizotinib in Japanese patients with advanced NSCLC harboring a MET gene alteration: a Co-MET study.

Background: MET exon 14 skipping mutations occur in 3-4% and MET high amplifications occur in < 1% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Crizotinib, a selective ATP-competitive small-molecule inhibitor of c-Met, ALK, and ROS1 tyrosine kinases, has shown activity in cancer models with various types of MET activation.

Methods: The Co-MET study is a single-arm phase 2 trial to assess the safety and efficacy of crizotinib in MET inhibitor-naïve patients with advanced NSCLC harboring MET exon 14 skipping mutation (cohort 1) or high MET gene copy number of ≥ 7 (cohort 2).