Evaluation of CoVid-19 infection among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals using biochemical markers.

The evaluation of infection rate for CoVid-19 cases among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals using haematological parameters is of interest. Data such as age, gender, occupation, location, signs and symptoms, length of symptoms, date of sample collection and report generation, status of vaccinations, and outcome available in the database was used in this analysis. Ferritin levels, D-dimer values, CRP, troponin-1 levels and platelet count of each CoVid-19 patient were recorded and analysed.

Plant Polyphenol Gossypol Induced Cell Death and Its Association with Gene Expression in Mouse Macrophages.

Gossypol is a complex plant polyphenol reported to be cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory, but little is known about its effect on gene expression in macrophages. The objective of this study was to explore gossypol's toxicity and its effect on gene expression involved in the inflammatory response, glucose transport and insulin signaling pathways in mouse macrophages. Mouse RAW264.

Identification of as a Stably Expressed qPCR Reference Gene for Human Colon Cancer Cells Treated with Cottonseed-Derived Gossypol and Bioactive Extracts and Bacteria-Derived Lipopolysaccharides.

Cottonseed contains many bioactive molecules including plant polyphenols. Cottonseed value might be increased by providing high-value bioactive polyphenols for improving nutrition and health. However, there was a lack of molecular evidence for cottonseed bioactivity in mammalian cells.

Cottonseed extracts regulate gene expression in human colon cancer cells.

Cotton plant provides economically important fiber and cottonseed, but cottonseed contributes 20% of the crop value. Cottonseed value could be increased by providing high value bioactive compounds and polyphenolic extracts aimed at improving nutrition and preventing diseases because plant polyphenol extracts have been used as medicinal remedy for various diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cottonseed extracts on cell viability and gene expression in human colon cancer cells.

Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in chronic inflammation associated with several diseases. Many plant extracts have nutritional and healthy benefits by down-regulating VEGF expression, but there was no report on VEGF regulation by cottonseed extracts in any biological system. The objective was to investigate cell viability and VEGF expression regulated by gossypol and ethanol extracts using lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as a control.

Gossypol decreased cell viability and down-regulated the expression of a number of genes in human colon cancer cells.

Plant polyphenol gossypol has anticancer activities. This may increase cottonseed value by using gossypol as a health intervention agent. It is necessary to understand its molecular mechanisms before human consumption.

Regulation of Cell Viability and Anti-inflammatory Tristetraprolin Family Gene Expression in Mouse Macrophages by Cottonseed Extracts.

Bioactive plant extracts have been used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. One of the major classes of bioactive compounds is plant polyphenols. Cottonseed ethanol extracts were determined by HPLC-MS analysis to be essentially free of toxic gossypol.

Glycoprotein Prompted Plausible Bactericidal and Antibiofilm Outturn of Extracellular Polymers fromNostoc microscopicum.

Nostoc microscopicum an effective extracellular polymers (EPs) synthesizer among cyanobacteria was isolated, and its elementary morphological features were defined with the aid of light microscope and CLSM. Bioseparation of EPs from 44 days-aged culture gave 0.90 g/L of the dry powdered extract.

Cinnamon Polyphenol Extract and Insulin Regulate Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Gene Expression in Mouse Adipocytes and Macrophages.

Cinnamon polyphenol extract (CPE) improves people with insulin resistance. The objective was to investigate CPE and insulin on diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) gene expression important for lipid biosynthesis and compared it to anti-inflammatory tristetraprolin/zinc finger protein 36 (TTP/ZFP36) gene expression known to be regulated by both agents. Mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW264.

Isolation of Cottonseed Extracts That Affect Human Cancer Cell Growth.

Cottonseeds are classified as glanded or glandless seeds depending on the presence or absence of gossypol glands. Glanded cottonseed has anticancer property and glandless cottonseed was reported to cause cancer in one animal study. It is important to investigate the effect of bioactive components from cottonseeds.

Cottonseed Extracts and Gossypol Regulate Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Gene Expression in Mouse Macrophages.

Plant bioactive polyphenols have been used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases since ancient history. Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds are classified as glanded or glandless depending on the presence or absence of pigment glands, which contain polyphenolic gossypol.

Characterization of a soluble phosphatidic acid phosphatase in bitter melon (Momordica charantia).

Momordica charantia is often called bitter melon, bitter gourd or bitter squash because its fruit has a bitter taste. The fruit has been widely used as vegetable and herbal medicine. Alpha-eleostearic acid is the major fatty acid in the seeds, but little is known about its biosynthesis.

Molecular properties of the class III subfamily of acyl-coenyzme A binding proteins from tung tree (Vernicia fordii).

Acyl-CoA binding proteins (ACBPs) have been identified in most branches of life, and play various roles in lipid metabolism, among other functions. Plants contain multiple classes of ACBP genes. The most diverse group is the class III proteins.

Vanadate inhibition of fungal PhyA and bacterial AppA2 histidine acid phosphatases.

The fungal PhyA protein, which was first identified as an acid optimum phosphomonoesterase (EC 3.1.3.

Site-directed mutagenesis of disulfide bridges in Aspergillus niger NRRL 3135 phytase (PhyA), their expression in Pichia pastoris and catalytic characterization.

Earlier studies have established the importance of five disulfide bridges (DBs) in Aspergillus niger phytase. In this study, the relative importance of each of the individual disulfide bridge is determined by its removal by site-directed mutagenesis of specific cysteines in the cloned A. niger phyA gene.

Impact of assay conditions on activity estimate and kinetics comparison of Aspergillus niger PhyA and Escherichia coli AppA2 phytases.

Aspergillus niger PhyA and Escherichia coli AppA2 are increasingly used in animal feed for phosphorus nutrition and environmental protection. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of assay conditions on activity estimates of these two phytases and to compare their biochemical characteristics at a pH similar to the stomach environment. The activities of the unpurified AppA2 were more variable than those of PhyA with three commonly used phytase activity assays.

Unfolding and refolding of Aspergillus niger PhyB phytase: role of disulfide bridges.

The role of disulfide bridges in the folding of Aspergillus niger phytase pH 2.5-optimum (PhyB) was investigated using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Guanidinium chloride (GuCl) at 1.

Kinetic characterization of O-phospho-L-tyrosine phosphohydrolase activity of two fungal phytases.

Fungal phytases belonging to "histidine acid phosphatase" or HAP class of phosphohydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of phytic acid could also hydrolyze O-phospho-L-tyrosine, which is also called phosphotyrosine. Two phytases from Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus awamori with pH optima 2.5 were tested for phosphotyrosine hydrolase activity; both enzymes cleaved the phosphomonoester bond of phosphotyrosine efficiently at acidic pH.

Salt effect on the pH profile and kinetic parameters of microbial phytases.

The pH profiles of two microbial phytases were determined using four different general purpose buffers at different pH values. The roles of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, and sodium fluoride on activity were compared in these buffers. For Aspergillus niger phytase, calcium extended the pH range to 8.

Monitoring of unfolding and refolding in fungal phytase (phyA) by dynamic light scattering.

Role of disulfide bridges in phytase's unfolding-refolding was probed using dynamic light scattering. Phytase was unfolded by guanidinium chloride and then refolded by removing the denaturant by dialysis. Thiol reagents prevented refolding; thus, disulfide bridge formation is an integral step in phytase folding.

Fungal phyA gene expressed in potato leaves produces active and stable phytase.

Fungal phyA gene from Aspergillus ficuum (niger) was cloned and expressed in potato leaves. The recombinant enzyme was stable and catalytically active. The expressed protein in the leaves of the dicotyledonous plant retained most physical and catalytic properties of the benchmark A.

PhyA gene product of Aspergillus ficuum and Peniophora lycii produces dissimilar phytases.

PhyA gene products of Aspergillus ficuum (AF) and Peniophora lycii (PL) as expressed in industrial strains of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae, respectively, were purified to homogeneity and then characterized for both physical and biochemical properties. The PL phytase is 26 amino acid residues shorter than the AF phytase. Dynamic light scattering studies indicate that the active AF phytase is a monomer while the PL phytase is a dimer.

Site-directed mutagenesis of Aspergillus niger NRRL 3135 phytase at residue 300 to enhance catalysis at pH 4.0.

Increased phytase activity for Aspergillus niger NRRL 3135 phytaseA (phyA) at intermediate pH levels (3.0-5.0) was achieved by site-directed mutagenesis of its gene at amino acid residue 300.

Cloned and expressed fungal phyA gene in alfalfa produces a stable phytase.

The phyA gene from Aspergillus ficuum that codes for a 441-amino-acid full-length phosphomonoesterase (phytase) was cloned and expressed in Medicago sativa (alfalfa) leaves. The expressed enzyme from alfalfa leaves was purified to homogeneity and biochemically characterized, and its catalytic properties were elucidated. The expressed phytase in alfalfa leaves retained all the biochemical properties of the benchmark A.

Phytase activity in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates.

Extracellular phytase from Aspergillus fumigatus isolates was characterized and their genes were cloned and sequenced. Based on their banding pattern in SDS-PAGE all phytases were found to be glycosylated and have similar molecular mass. A correlation between lower optimum pH (4.