FADS2 confers SCD1 inhibition resistance to cancer cells by modulating the ER stress response.

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is an attractive target for cancer therapy. However, the clinical efficacy of SCD1 inhibitor monotherapy is limited. There is thus a need to elucidate the mechanisms of resistance to SCD1 inhibition and develop new therapeutic strategies for combination therapy.

Predicting Matrix Test Effectiveness for Evaluating Auditory Performance in Noise Using Pure-Tone Audiometry and Speech Recognition in Quiet in Cochlear Implant Recipients.

Introduction: Auditory performance in noise of cochlear implant recipients can be assessed with the adaptive Matrix test (MT); however, when the speech-to-noise ratio (SNR) exceeds 15 dB, the background noise has any negative impact on the speech recognition. Here, we aim to evaluate the predictive power of aided pure-tone audiometry and speech recognition in quiet and establish cut-off values for both tests that indicate whether auditory performance in noise can be assessed using the Matrix sentence test in a diffuse noise environment.

Methods: Here, we assessed the power of pure-tone audiometry and speech recognition in quiet to predict the response to the MT.

SCD1 inhibition enhances the effector functions of CD8 T cells via ACAT1-dependent reduction of esterified cholesterol.

We previously reported that the inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) enhances the antitumor function of CD8 T cells indirectly via restoring production of DC recruiting chemokines by cancer cells and subsequent induction of antitumor CD8 T cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of direct enhancing effects of SCD1 inhibitors on CD8 T cells. In vitro treatment of CD8 T cells with SCD1 inhibitors enhanced IFN-γ production and cytotoxic activity of T cells along with decreased oleic acid and esterified cholesterol, which is generated by cholesterol esterase, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), in CD8 T cells.

Survival in Patients with Primary Parotid Gland Carcinoma after Surgery-Results of a Single-Centre Study.

This study aims to analyse a single-centre cohort series of patients who underwent parotidectomy for primary malignant parotid tumours. A retrospective chart review of 64 consecutive patients treated from November 2010 to March 2022 was performed. Outcomes were analysed by Kaplan-Meier curves.

Parapharyngeal space tumors: a twenty-year single-center retrospective analysis on the effectiveness of transcervical and transoral approaches on local control and disease-specific survival.

Introduction: To retrospectively analyzed our twenty-years single-center experience in the treatment of PPS tumors, focusing on the selection of surgical approach and the survival outcome.

Methods: Tumors involving the PPS between January 2000 and February 2022 were retrospectively included. The surgical approach was dictated by the localization of the tumor, its dimensions, the relation to anatomic structures and its etiology.

Hearing attention and quality of listening in children with unilateral hearing loss with and without hearing aid.

Objective: To analyse hearing attention and quality of listening in a cohort of children affected by moderate to severe unilateral hearing loss, comparing a group of hearing aid users to children with no hearing aid.

Methods: Twenty-four children (12 hearing aid users, and 12 without hearing rehabilitation) underwent audiological evaluation with speech audiometry in quiet and noise, hearing attention tests, and the speech, spatial and quality of hearing questionnaire in the version for parents.

Results: Concerning speech audiometry in noise, in the most difficult condition no one in the unaided group achieved a normal speech recognition threshold score (0% 11.

Robotics, automation, active electrode arrays, and new devices for cochlear implantation: A contemporary review.

In the last two decades, cochlear implant surgery has evolved into a minimally invasive, hearing preservation surgical technique. The devices used during surgery have benefited from technological advances that have allowed modification and possible improvement of the surgical technique. Robotics has recently gained popularity in otology as an effective tool to overcome the surgeon's limitations such as tremor, drift and accurate force control feedback in laboratory testing.

Cochlear implant in immune mediated inner ear diseases: Impedance variations and clinical outcomes.

Objective: Immune-mediated inner ear disease (IMIED) might cause severe/profound hearing loss and these patients are considered ideal candidates to cochlear implant (CI) surgery. The aim of the study was to evaluate impedance changes over time.

Method: The Study Group (SG) was composed of CI IMIED patients (31 ears) and a Control Group (CG) of CI patients with hearing loss not related to their immune system (31 ears).

Evaluation of Audiological Results and Cochleo-Vestibular Subclinical Injury After CO Laser Stapedotomy.

Background And Objectives: Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of CO laser stapedotomy, focusing on the audiological results, and on the surgical cochleo-vestibular trauma.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Retrospective clinical trial on 38 patients with the diagnosis of otosclerosis, who underwent CO laser stapedotomy between January 2015 and October 2019. Postoperative air-bone gap (ABG), mean air conduction gain, and postoperative changes of high frequency threshold were evaluated 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery.

Transoral-transpharyngeal CO laser en bloc excision of voluminous left recurrent laryngeal nerve schwannoma: Case report and review of the literature.

Recurrent nerve laryngeal schwannoma is a rare benign tumor that, in expert hands, can be treated by transoral CO laser surgery.

Pupillometry Assessment of Speech Recognition and Listening Experience in Adult Cochlear Implant Patients.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the pupillary response to word identification in cochlear implant (CI) patients. Authors hypothesized that when task difficulty (i.e.

Bimodal cochlear implantation in elderly patients.

Objective: Bimodal stimulation is a standard option for asymmetric hearing loss in adults. Questions have been raised whether receiving two stimulations may conflict in elderly listeners where the central integration of an acoustic/electrical signal may be very important to obtain benefit in terms of speech perception.

Design: Clinical retrospective study.

Developmental exposure to low levels of ethinylestradiol affects social play in juvenile male rats.

Juvenile social play contributes to the development of adult social and emotional skills in humans and non-human animals and is therefore a useful endpoint to study the effects of endocrine disrupters on behavior in animal models. Ethinylestradiol (EE), a widely produced, powerful synthetic estrogen is widespread in the environment mainly because it is a component of the contraceptive pill. To understand whether clinical or environmental exposure to EE during critical perinatal periods can affect male social play, we exposed 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats to EE or vehicle either during gestation (from gestation day (GD) 5 through 20) or during lactation (from postnatal day (PND) 1 through 21).

Laser Microsurgery Versus Radiotherapy Versus Open Partial Laryngectomy for T2 Laryngeal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Oncological Outcomes.

Introduction: The aim of the current systematic review is to update the pooled survival outcome of patients with T2 glottic carcinoma treated with either laser surgery (CO transoral laser microsurgery [CO TOLMS]), radiotherapy (RT), or open partial laryngectomy (OPL).

Methods: A systematic search was performed using the MEDLINE database, Scopus, and Google scholar. The inclusion criteria were studies of patients with T2N0 glottic tumor, treated with either primary CO TOLMS, definitive curative RT, or primary OPL, and with reported oncological outcome at 5 years calculated with a Kaplan-Meier or Cox regression method.

Transoral laser microsurgery for Tis, T1, and T2 glottic carcinoma: 5-year follow-up.

The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the results obtained with CO TOLMS in patients with Tis, T1, and T2 glottic tumors at our Department from 2004 to 2016 treated with CO TOLMS. One hundred eighty-five patients having a median age of 67 years (range 42-88) were included in the present analysis. The tumor stages of the patients included 134 pTis-T1a, 12 pT1b, and 39 pT2 cases.

Management of tracheostomy during COVID-19 outbreak: Heat and moisture exchanger filter and closed suctioning system.

• Precautions for safer management of tracheostomy should be taken for all patients. • HMEFs and closed endotracheal suctioning systems protect patients and healthcare professionals. • Precaution for reduce the COVID-19 diffusion should be taken until the epidemic is controlled.

Management of sporadic vestibular schwannoma with contralateral nonserviceable hearing.

Objectives/hypothesis: To outline a possible decision-making process for sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) with contralateral nonserviceable hearing at diagnosis.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: Diagnosed VS was studied in a tertiary referral center from 1995 to 2013.

Offline consolidation of spatial memory: Do the cerebellar output circuits play a role? A study utilizing a Morris water maze protocol in male Wistar rats.

To address whether the cerebellum takes part to spatial memory consolidation related to navigation, male Wistar rats were trained daily (4 days), in a Morris water maze to found a submerged escape platform by use of distal cues (place training test). Retention of the allocentric map was evaluated in the probe test (without platform), before the place test. Bilateral shutdown of deep cerebellar nuclei was carried by infusion of the GABA-A agonist muscimol (0.

Autoimmune vertigo: an update on vestibular disorders associated with autoimmune mechanisms.

The role of the immune system in mediating cochleovestibular pathologies has received increasing attention in recent years. Autoimmune vertigo may be an invalidating condition and may worsen the quality of life of affected patients, especially in the cases of delayed diagnosis. Since the etiopathogenesis is still not clear, also the treatment is not yet completely delineated.

Anatomical and functional results of ossiculoplasty using titanium prosthesis.

Titanium ossicular chain replacement prosthesis is often used for rehabilitation of the columellar effect in otologic surgeries. This retrospective study aims to analyse the anatomical and functional results of surgeries in which a titanium prosthesis was used. Two hundred and eighty procedures in 256 patients operated on in a tertiary referral center were analysed.