Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of 6α,7β-dihydroxy-vouacapan-17β-oic acid isolated from Pterodon emarginatus Vog. fruits.

6α,7β-dihydroxy-vouacapan-17β-oic (tricyclic furanoid diterpene; DHVO) acid was isolated from the hexane extract of Pterodon emarginatus fruits and evaluated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects using an assay that induces paw oedema with carrageenan, dextran and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in rats and the writhing and formalin tests in mice. Oral administration of 50 mg/kg DHVO significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced oedema formation by 24% (p < 0.05).

Protector mechanisms of the association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma: experimental study in rats.

Background: It is well known the association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma. The hyperreactivity of the airways is a characteristic of an asthmatic. Many studies associate the increase of the airways reactivity with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Zingiber officinalis rhizomes on LPS-induced rat airway hyperreactivity and lung inflammation.

Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinalis Roscoe (Zingiberaceae), is a common constituent of diets around the world and its extracts have been reported to exhibit several pharmacological activities. We investigated the effect of crude hydroalcoholic extract of ginger on the rat trachea hyperreactivity (RTHR) and lung inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our results demonstrate that ginger extract and celecoxib attenuated RTHR 90 min and 48 h after LPS.

Characterization of trace elements in Casearia medicinal plant by neutron activation analysis.

Leaves of Casearia sylvestris, Casearia decandra and Casearia obliqua plant species, collected at the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, were analyzed by using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Short and long irradiations using thermal neutron flux of the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor were carried out for these analyses. Concentrations of Ca, K and Mg were found in these samples at the percentage levels, Br, Cl, Fe, Mn, Na, Rb and Zn at the microg g(-1) levels and Co, Cr, Cs, La, and Sc at the microg kg(-1) levels.

Gastric antiulcer and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil from Casearia sylvestris Sw.

To investigate the antiulcer and antiinflammatory activities of the essential oil from Casearia sylvestris leaves (EOCS) the following tests were used: rat paw edema, granulomatous tissue test, vascular permeability, writhing test, gastric ulcer stress-induced and evaluation of gastric secretion (pylorus ligation test). The total yield of EOCS was 2.5% with LD50 of 1100 mg/kg in mouse.

Pharmacological assay of Cordia verbenacea V: oral and topical anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic effect and fetus toxicity of a crude leaf extract.

Cordia verbenacea D.C. (Borraginaceae) is a perennial bush plant that grows widely along the southeastern coast of Brazil.

Anti-inflammatory effect of the hydralcoholic extract of Zingiber officinale rhizomes on rat paw and skin edema.

Plant extracts have been used for centuries as a popular mode of treatment for several health disorders. Over the last ten years, the study of those extracts has attracted attention in different fields of the biological sciences. Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae), is a commom constituent of diet worldwide and it has been reported that its extracts present some pharmacological activities.

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of a crude extract of Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae).

Petiveria alliacea L (Phytolaccaceae) is a perennial bush plant that grows widely in Brazil. The roots and leaves of P. alliacea have been used in folk medicine for their antispasmodic, sedative, diuretic and antihelminthic actions.

Antiulcer action of the hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of Davilla rugosa Poiret in the rat.

Davilla rugosa Poiret ("Cipó- Caboclo") is commonly used in Brazilian folk medicine. The hydroalcoholic extract of the stems (HE) was fractionated with chloroform (CF), chloroform/ethyl acetate (CAF), ethyl acetate (AF), ethyl acetate/ethanol (AEF), ethanol (EF), and ethanol/water (EWF). The hydroalcoholic extract (HE) and fractions of the stems of D.

Synthesis and characterization of a diruthenium-ibuprofenato complex comparing its anti-inflammatory activity with that of a copper(II)-ibuprofenato complex.

The ibuprofen complex of diruthenium(II,III) was prepared and characterized by electronic (UV-Vis) and vibrational (FTIR) spectroscopies and thermogravimetry. The copper(II)-ibuprofenato complex was prepared by a different route from that described in the literature. Both complexes were tested in vivo for anti-inflammatory activity.

Antiulcer activity of the crude extract from the leaves of casearia sylvestris.

In rats, administration of Casearia sylvestris extract derived from fresh and dried leaves protects stomach mucosa without changing gastric pH. In stress-induced acute lesions, the preventive effect of extract from dried leaves is more effective than extract from fresh leaves. In acetic acid-induced chronic ulcer, both extracts reduce the size of ulceration and increase the number of collagen fibers after 5 days of treatment, and these effects are similar with both extracts.

Antiulcer action of Microgramma squamulosa (Kaulf.) Sota.

Microgramma squamulosa (Kaulf.) Sota (Polypodiaceae) is commonly used as an antiulcer agent in the state of São Paulo, mainly in the upper land. The present work aims to study the antiulcer action of the crude extract of the plant rhizome and its toxicity.

Anti-inflammatory activity of the crude extract from the fruits of Pterodon emarginatus Vog.

The vegetal species Pterodon emarginatus Vog. (Leguminosae/Papilonaceae), popularly known in Brazil as 'sucupira branca', is widely used by domestic medicine as an anti-inflammatory. From these observations, the hexanic crude extract (HCE) of the fruits was obtained and submitted for assessment of its anti-inflammatory activity.

Miconazole as inflammatory agent. II: Time course of pleurisy and drug interference.

1. Miconazole-induced pleurisy was characterized by edema development and leukocyte infiltration. 2.

Antiulcer action and toxicity of Styrax camporum and Caesalpinia ferrea.

Oral administration of Styrax camporum Pohl and Caesalpinia ferrea Martius stem extracts, atropine, and cimetidine, during 15 days, decreased the ulceration size, gastric secretion volume, and increased collagen fibre number of chronic ulcer induced by acetic acid in rats. The pH increased and the concentration of hydrochloric acid decreased after administration of atropine and cimetidine. The ethyl acetate fraction, obtained by chromatography from Styrax camporum Pohl extracts, showed antiulcer activity.

Lymphatic mast cell response and effect of compound 48/80 on popliteal lymph node reaction in rats following intracutaneous injection of Staphylococcus aureus.

To investigate the significance of mast cells in the popliteal lymph node during the development of an inflammatory response, rats were inoculated with 12 x 10(7) colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus in the hind foot pad. Numerical changes in mast cells were then measured in the corresponding popliteal lymph node. Six days after inoculation, despite the enlargement of the responding lymph node, a marked decrease in granulated mast cell number, relative to the contralateral node, was observed in the cortical and medullary compartments.

Miconazole as inflammatory agent--I. Cellular and pathophysiological effects.

1. Subcutaneous injection of miconazole into the rat paw evoked an acute, circumscribed and long-lasting inflammation. 2.

Antiulcer action of Styrax camporum and Caesalpinia ferrea in rats. '.

Stem extracts of Styrax camporum Pohl and Caesalpinia ferrea Martius were administered orally and intraperitoneally to rats and effected a decrease in the acute ulceration number. The volume, pH, and hydrochloric acid concentration of gastric secretions were measured after administration of both extracts, atropine, and cimetidine. After oral administration there was a decrease in the gastric secretion volume without modification of the other gastric secretion parameters studied.

Pharmacological assay of Cordia verbenacea. III: Oral and topical antiinflammatory activity and gastrotoxicity of a crude leaf extract.

The antiinflammatory effects and gastrotoxicity of a lyophilized 70% ethanol extract of the leaves of Cordia verbenacea were investigated through experimental models in rats and mice. The oral administration of 1.24 mg/kg of the extract significantly inhibited nystatin-induced oedema.

Pharmacological assay of Casearia sylvestris. I: Preventive anti-ulcer activity and toxicity of the leaf crude extract.

An ethanol extract of the leaves of Brazilian Casearia sylvestris, given orally, inhibited gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. At a prophylactic dose of 57.5 mg/kg, the extract showed a reduction of gastric juice more effective than misoprostol (500 micrograms/kg).

Determination of inorganic components in Brazilian medicinal plants by neutron activation analysis.

Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) has been applied to multielemental determinations of medicinal extracts obtained from the plants. Cordia Verbenacea DC, Folidago Microglossa DC, and Petiveria Alliacea. Concentrations of the elements Al, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cs, Fe, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, and Zn have been determined in dried extracts of these herbs by short and long irradiations under a thermal neutron flux of 10(11)-10(13) n/cm2s in the IEA-R1 nuclear reactor.

Anti-inflammatory activity and sub-acute toxicity of artemetin.

The 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (artemetin) from Cordia verbenacea DC (Boraginaceae) showed marked anti-inflammatory activity using various experimental models in rats. Artemetin significantly inhibited carrageenin-induced paw edema following oral doses from 30.4 to 153.

Anti-inflammatory activity of oleoresin from Brazilian Copaifera.

The oleoresin from Brazilian Copaifera species yielded copalic acid and sesquiterpenes and showed marked anti-inflammatory activity using various experimental models in rats. The oleoresin significantly inhibited carrageenin-induced pedal edema following oral doses from 0.70 to 2.

Anti-inflammatory effects of praseodymium, gadolinium and ytterbium chlorides.

Anti-inflammatory effects of chloride salts of praseodymium, gadolinium and ytterbium were investigated, using various experimental inflammatory models in rats. The lanthanide salts administered by oral route showed no significant effect, but when injected intraperitoneally they significantly inhibited the carrageenin-induced oedema, proportional to their doses ranging from 15 to 75 mg/kg. They also reduced nystatin-induced oedema and vascular permeability response to histamine and serotonin.