Soil carbon in the world's tidal marshes.

Tidal marshes are threatened coastal ecosystems known for their capacity to store large amounts of carbon in their water-logged soils. Accurate quantification and mapping of global tidal marshes soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is of considerable value to conservation efforts. Here, we used training data from 3710 unique locations, landscape-level environmental drivers and a global tidal marsh extent map to produce a global, spatially explicit map of SOC storage in tidal marshes at 30 m resolution.

Copper-PANI-graphite HB2 composite for eco-friendly efficient degradation of textile dyes: Advancements in wastewater treatment enhanced by solar radiation.

This research aimed to assess the potential of CuPANI@UG composite for sunlight drive photocatalytic dye degradation, targeting specifically Thymol Blue (TB) and Black NT (BNT) dyes and their mixture (DM). The CuPANI@UG composite was successfully synthesized via electropolymerization in acetonitrile/sulfuric acid mixture under atmospheric conditions. Photocatalytic experiments were conducted by exposing aqueous dye solutions to sunlight.

Eco-Friendly Electrosynthesis of Cu-PANI-Pencil Composite: Enhanced Their Current Value, Acid Sensing, Click Chemistry and Turn On-Off Sunlight Photo-Catalytical HO Activation.

In this contribution, we report a straightforwardly and easily one-step synthesis of a small family of composites based in polyaniline grafted on HB2 graphite (PANI@UG) and their copper-doped derivatives (CuPANI@UG). The PANI@UG composites were synthesized through electrochemical polymerization using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in three different acidic media: i) acetic acid (AcOH) at high and low concentration (12 and 1 M, using KCl as electrolytic support); ii) a mixture of AcOH and sulfuric acid (HSO, which have two roles: as electrolytic support and proton source) and iii) a mixture of acetonitrile (NCCH) and HSO, under atmospheric conditions. Once the best conditions were achieved, our next step was focused on obtaining the CuPANI@UG composites using a solution of aniline and CuSO (50 mM) in AcOH:HSO and NCCH:HSO solutions, respectively.

Congenital Anomalies in American Crocodile (, Cuvier, 1807) Embryos from a Farm Breeder in Colombia.

The American crocodile (, Cuvier, 1807) (Class Reptilia, Family Crocodylidae) is a crocodile species inhabiting the Neotropics. Congenital defects have been described in almost every vertebrate group. In crocodiles, teratology alterations have been described in captive animals (pets, zoos, farms) such as or .

Mid-infrared spectroscopy determines the provenance of coastal marine soils and their organic and inorganic carbon content.

Vegetated coastal ecosystems (VCE), encompassing tidal marshes, mangroves, and seagrasses, serve as significant 'blue' carbon (C) sinks. Improving our understanding of VCE soils and their spatial and temporal dynamics is essential for conservation efforts. Conventional methods to characterise the dynamics and provenance of VCE soils and measure their total organic carbon (TOC) and inorganic carbon (TIC) contents are cumbersome and expensive.

Role of macroalgal forests within Mediterranean shallow bays in blue carbon storage.

Although seaweeds rank among the most productive vegetated habitats globally, their inclusion within Blue Carbon frameworks is at its onset, partially because they usually grow in rocky substrates and their organic carbon (C) is mostly exported and stored beyond their habitat and thus, demonstrating its long-term storage is challenging. Here, we studied the sedimentary C storage in macroalgal forests dominated by Gongolaria barbata and in adjacent seagrass Cymodocea nodosa mixed with Caulerpa prolifera algae meadows, and bare sand habitats in Mediterranean shallow coastal embayments. We characterized the biogeochemistry of top 30 cm sedimentary deposits, including sediment grain-size, organic matter and C contents, C burial rates and the provenance of sedimentary C throughout stable carbon isotopes (δC) and pyrolysis analyses.

Microalgal assemblages response to water quality remediation in coastal waters of Perth, Australia.

Nutrient reduction is an essential environmental policy for water quality remediation, but climate change can offset the ecological benefits of nutrient reduction and lead to the difficulty of environmental evaluation. Here, based on the records of three lipid microalgal biomarkers and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in two sediment cores from the embayment of Perth, Australia, we reconstructed the microalgal biomasses (diatoms, dinoflagellates and coccolithophores) over the past century and evaluated the ecological effects of nutrient reduction on them, using Change Point Modeling (CPM) and redundancy analysis (RDA). The CPM result showed that total microalgal biomarkers increased by 25% and 51% in deep and shallow areas, respectively, due to nutrient enrichment caused by industrial wastewater in the 1950s and the causeway construction in the 1970s, and dinoflagellates were beneficiaries of eutrophication.

Disparities in Liver Transplantation for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Women.

Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the fastest-growing indication for liver transplantation (LT). Sex disparities among patients with cirrhosis on the LT waitlist are well known. We wanted to understand these disparities further in women with end-stage liver disease patients listed for NASH cirrhosis in a contemporary cohort.

Global dataset of soil organic carbon in tidal marshes.

Tidal marshes store large amounts of organic carbon in their soils. Field data quantifying soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks provide an important resource for researchers, natural resource managers, and policy-makers working towards the protection, restoration, and valuation of these ecosystems. We collated a global dataset of tidal marsh soil organic carbon (MarSOC) from 99 studies that includes location, soil depth, site name, dry bulk density, SOC, and/or soil organic matter (SOM).

Seagrass soils sequester up to half the metal emissions of one of the world's largest smelters.

One of the world's largest smelters has been operating in South Australia since 1889, affecting environment and human health. Here we quantified the magnitude of Pb, Zn and Cd emissions from the smelter sequestered in the soil of an adjacent 110 kmPosidonia australis seagrass meadows. Seagrass core records show that the smelter contaminated the entire area with decreasing sequestration with increasing distance from contamination points.

Non-Lung Solid Organ Transplantation From SARS-CoV-2-Positive Donors to Uninfected Recipients.

Background: There is a paucity of evidence on the risk of donor-recipient transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 in solid organ transplant recipients. Initial impressions suggest non-lung solid organs may be safely transplanted from SARS-CoV-2-positive donors without risk of viral transmission.

Methods: We reviewed clinical results of transplants in which SARS-CoV-2-negative recipients received non-lung solid organs from SARS-CoV-2-positive donors at a single transplant center.

Decline of seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) production over two decades in the face of warming of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.

The response of Posidonia oceanica meadows to global warming of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, where the increase in sea surface temperature (SST) is particularly severe, is poorly investigated. Here, we reconstructed the long-term P. oceanica production in 60 meadows along the Greek Seas over two decades (1997-2018), using lepidochronology.

Potential role of seaweeds in climate change mitigation.

Seaweed (macroalgae) has attracted attention globally given its potential for climate change mitigation. A topical and contentious question is: Can seaweeds' contribution to climate change mitigation be enhanced at globally meaningful scales? Here, we provide an overview of the pressing research needs surrounding the potential role of seaweed in climate change mitigation and current scientific consensus via eight key research challenges. There are four categories where seaweed has been suggested to be used for climate change mitigation: 1) protecting and restoring wild seaweed forests with potential climate change mitigation co-benefits; 2) expanding sustainable nearshore seaweed aquaculture with potential climate change mitigation co-benefits; 3) offsetting industrial CO emissions using seaweed products for emission abatement; and 4) sinking seaweed into the deep sea to sequester CO.

Quantifying blue carbon stocks and the role of protected areas to conserve coastal wetlands.

Vegetated coastal ecosystems, in particular mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrasses are highly efficient at sequestering and storing carbon, making them valuable assets for climate change mitigation and adaptation. The state of Queensland, in northeastern Australia, contains almost half of the total area of these blue carbon ecosystems in the country, yet there are few detailed regional or state-wide assessments of their total sedimentary organic carbon (SOC) stocks. We compiled existing SOC data and used boosted regression tree models to evaluate the influence of environmental variables in explaining the variability in SOC stocks, and to produce spatially explicit blue carbon estimates.

Evaluation of healthcare facilities and personnel distribution in Lagos State: implications on universal health coverage.

Background: Nigeria is considering making Universal Health Coverage (UHC) a common policy goal to ensure that citizens have access to high-quality healthcare services without crippling debt. Globally, there is an acute shortage of human resources for Health (HRH), and the most significant burden is borne by low-income countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This shortage has considerably constrained the achievement of health-related development goals and impeded accelerated progress toward universal health coverage.

The trajectory in catalytic evolution of Rubisco in Posidonia seagrass species differs from terrestrial plants.

The CO2-fixing enzyme Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) links the inorganic and organic phases of the global carbon cycle. In aquatic systems, the catalytic adaptation of algae Rubiscos has been more expansive and followed an evolutionary pathway that appears distinct to terrestrial plant Rubisco. Here, we extend this survey to differing seagrass species of the genus Posidonia to reveal how their disjunctive geographical distribution and diverged phylogeny, along with their CO2 concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) effectiveness, have impacted their Rubisco kinetic properties.

Short- and Long-Term Outcomes for Ethnic Minorities in the United States After Liver Transplantation: Parsing the Hispanic Paradox.

Background: Racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionally affected by end-stage liver disease. Unfortunately, disparities in referrals to liver transplantation (LT), organ allocation, and posttransplant outcomes exist in this population.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients over the age of 18 years undergoing LT in the United States using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients from 2002 to 2016.

Use of hepatitis B viremic donors in kidney transplant recipients: A single center experience.

Utilization of Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected kidney allografts represents an opportunity to bridge the gap between organ supply and demand. Highly efficacious vaccines and antiviral therapies allow these allografts to be transplanted with negligible risk to the recipient. The purpose of this study was to describe the prophylactic strategies and related clinical outcomes of kidney transplant recipients who received a kidney from an HBV viremic donor.

Fingerprinting macrophyte Blue Carbon by pyrolysis-GC-compound specific isotope analysis (Py-CSIA).

There is a need for tools to determine the origin of organic matter (OM) in Blue Carbon Ecosystems (BCE) and marine sediments to (1) facilitate the implementation of Blue Carbon strategies into carbon accounting and crediting schemes and (2) decipher changes in ecosystem condition over decadal to millennial time scales and thus to understand and predict the stability of BCE in a changing world. Pyrolysis-GC-compound specific isotope analysis (Py-CSIA) is applied for the first time in marine environments and BCE research. We studied Australian mangrove, tidal marsh and seagrass sediments, in addition to potential sources of OM (Avicennia, Posidonia, Zostera, Sarcocornia, Ecklonia and Ulva species and seagrass epiphytes), to identify precursors of different biomacromolecule constituents (lignin, polysaccharides and aliphatic structures).

Impacts of land-use change and urban development on carbon sequestration in tropical seagrass meadow sediments.

Seagrass meadows store significant carbon stocks at a global scale, but land-use change and other anthropogenic activities can alter the natural process of organic carbon (C) accumulation. Here, we assessed the carbon accumulation history of two seagrass meadows in Zanzibar (Tanzania) that have experienced different degrees of disturbance. The meadow at Stone Town has been highly exposed to urban development during the 20th century, while the Mbweni meadow is located in an area with relatively low impacts but historical clearing of adjacent mangroves.

Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes Among Black and White Patients With Cancer.

Importance: Non-Hispanic Black individuals experience a higher burden of COVID-19 than the general population; hence, there is an urgent need to characterize the unique clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 in Black patients with cancer.

Objective: To investigate racial disparities in severity of COVID-19 presentation, clinical complications, and outcomes between Black patients and non-Hispanic White patients with cancer and COVID-19.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study used data from the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium registry from March 17, 2020, to November 18, 2020, to examine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in Black patients with cancer.

Wildfires enhance phytoplankton production in tropical oceans.

Wildfire magnitude and frequency have greatly escalated on a global scale. Wildfire products rich in biogenic elements can enter the ocean through atmospheric and river inputs, but their contribution to marine phytoplankton production is poorly understood. Here, using geochemical paleo-reconstructions, a century-long relationship between wildfire magnitude and marine phytoplankton production is established in a fire-prone region of Kimberley coast, Australia.