Visual and refractive outcomes after SMILE versus FS-LASIK: a paired-eye study.

Objective: To compare visual acuity, refraction, Schirmer test, tear break-up time (TBUT), esthesiometry, optical quality, higher order aberrations and posterior corneal elevation measurements before and after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).

Method: Paired eye, randomized, cohort study. Follow-up was performed at days 1 and 7, and at months 1, 3, 6 and 12.

Increased Expression of TLR4 in Circulating CD4+T Cells in Patients with Allergic Conjunctivitis and In Vitro Attenuation of Th2 Inflammatory Response by Alpha-MSH.

Ocular allergic diseases are frequently seen in ophthalmological clinical practice. Immunological damage is mediated by a local Th2 inflammatory microenvironment, accompanied by changes in circulating cell subsets, with more effector cells and fewer T regulatory cells (Tregs). This study aimed to evaluate the involvement of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in the immune regulation associated with perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC).

Short-Term Results Analysis in the Allogenic Transplantation of Limbal Stem Cells Expanded on Amniotic Membrane in Patients with Bilateral Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency.

The objective of this study was to describe the short-term results of allogenic transplantation of limbal stem cells expanded on amniotic membrane for the ocular surface reconstruction. Prospective nonrandomized, nonmasked study in a single ophthalmological center. Ten patients with bilateral total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) were included.

Systemic Immunosuppression for Limbal Allograft and Allogenic Limbal Epithelial Cell Transplantation.

Bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) treatment requires the need to obtain allogenic limbal tissue for transplantation. Outcomes of different surgical techniques depend on multiple factors, including the underlying etiology, ocular surface, eyelid status and used surgical intervention. Some of the management options for bilateral LSCD include cadaveric, living related or living non-related conjunctival limbal allograft (CLAL), keratolimbal allograft (KLAL), allogenic cultured limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET) and allogenic simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET).

Practice Patterns in the Management of Primary Pterygium: A Survey Study.

Purpose: To characterize cornea specialists' current practice preferences in the management of primary pterygium.

Methods: A 25-item survey regarding indications for surgery, surgical technique, use of adjuvant therapy, type and duration of postoperative therapy, and treatment of early recurrences was designed and sent to members of the Cornea Society through the kera-net listserv.

Results: In total, 199 cornea specialists completed the questionnaire.

Pain Management in Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus: A Comparative Case Series.

To compare management of postoperative pain after corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with oral gabapentin or ketorolac. Prospective interventional comparative case series in a single center. Patients undergoing epithelium-off (epi-off) or epithelium-on (epi-on) techniques performed by a single surgeon for progressive keratoconus were enrolled and randomly assigned to the ketorolac (10-mg tablets every 8 h) or the gabapentin (300-mg capsules every 8 h) group and instructed to take the medication for the first 3 postoperative days.

The Aurolab Keratoprosthesis (KPro) versus the Boston Type I Kpro: 5-year Clinical Outcomes in 134 Cases of Bilateral Corneal Blindness.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of Boston Type I keratoprosthesis (Boston Kpro) with its low-cost version, the Aurolab Kpro (auroKPro).

Design: Retrospective comparative case series.

Methods: This study included 134 eyes of 130 patients with severe bilateral corneal blindness but with wet ocular surfaces.

Dry eye symptoms and associated risk factors among adults aged 50 or more years in Central Mexico.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of dry eye symptoms (DES) and associated risk factors among adults in Tlaxcala, Mexico.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study that included 1 508 individuals aged ≥50 years who answered the Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ5), with a score ranging between 0 and 22; the following categories were defined: no DES (<6); mild-moderate DES (6 to 11) and severe DES (≥12).

Results: The prevalence of DES was 41.

Conjunctival papillomatosis in children treated with co-adjuvant topical interferon alpha-2b.

A series of paediatric patients is presented in whom topical interferon alpha-2b was used as a co-adjuvant treatment for conjunctival papilloma. This condition is frequently associated with human papillomavirus infection. There is little information on the pediatric population with the use of interferon for the treatment of these lesions.

[Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Conjunctiva].

The squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva is a neoplasia of the ocular surface that may present with different macroscopic patterns. We present the case of a 75-year-old man that comes presenting this tumor for a long time, involving in an important way its vision.

LVP keratoprosthesis: anatomical and functional outcomes in bilateral end-stage corneal blindness.

Purpose: To describe the anatomical and functional outcomes of the novel LVP keratoprosthesis (Kpro), developed as an alternative to the modified osteo-odonto keratoprosthesis (MOOKP), in eyes with end-stage corneal blindness where conventional corneal surgeries are contraindicated.

Methods: This prospective case series included 58 eyes of 56 patients (12 children and 44 adults) with severe bilateral keratopathy and completely dry, dermalised ocular surfaces who underwent unilateral LVP Kpro implantation from 2012 to 2016. In this two-stage procedure, an ocular surface labial mucous membrane grafting was performed, followed for 3 months by the implantation of the device under the engrafted mucosal flap.

Post-keratoplasty Endophthalmitis by Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa With Positive Culture of the Contralateral Donor Cornea: A Case Report.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present the case report of a patient developing endophthalmitis after penetrating keratoplasty caused by a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, detected only in the contralateral donor tissue.

Case Report: A 77-year-old man underwent an uneventful penetrating keratoplasty with a preoperative culture-negative donor cornea; however, the fellow cornea grew multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The patient developed and was treated for endophthalmitis after penetrating keratoplasty, and aqueous and vitreous taps grew P.

Trans-epithelial accelerated corneal cross-linking for keratoconus in children.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of trans-epithelial accelerated corneal cross-linking (TE-ACXL) in children with progressive keratoconus. Retrospective, case-series of 23 eyes of 14 children who underwent TE-ACXL. Evaluations were performed at baseline and 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18mo postoperatively.

Chiasmal syndrome: Clinical characteristics in patients attending an ophthalmological center.

Purpose: To present the clinical characteristics of a group of patients with the diagnosis of chiasmal syndrome who attended a large ophthalmological institute.

Methods: Retrospective, observational clinical study with the review of medical records of patients with a diagnosis of chiasmal syndrome. The following variables were assessed: demographic characteristics, chief complaint upon presentation, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presence or absence of diplopia, pupillary responses, optic nerve head morphology, etiology, and results from the ancillary tests including Ishihara test, Goldmann visual field (GVF) perimetry and neuroimaging.

Objective and subjective results following implantation of the FineVision trifocal intraocular lens in Mexican patients.

Purpose: To evaluate objective and subjective results after bilateral implantation of a diffractive trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) in a Mexican population.

Methods: Prospective, interventional case series involved 15 cataract surgery patients who underwent bilateral implantation of the trifocal Micro F lens FineVision IOL (PhysIOL, Liège, Belgium). Objective analysis involved assessment of monocular uncorrected distance (UDVA), near (UNVA) at 30 and 40 cm, and intermediate visual acuity (UIVA) at 50, 60, and 70 cm, preoperatively, and at postoperative months 1, 3, and 6.

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography angle and vault analysis after toric and non-toric implantable collamer lens V4c implantation in patients with high myopia.

Objective: To assess anterior segment changes, including iridocorneal angle and vault, after toric and non-toric implantable collamer lens (ICL) V4c (STAAR Surgical AG) implantation under different lighting conditions.

Methods: Longitudinal, prospective, case series. Patients with high myopia (>6 dioptres) underwent toric and non-toric ICL V4c implantation.

Outcomes of cataract surgery with/without vitrectomy in patients with pars planitis and immunosuppressive therapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of cataract surgery with/without vitrectomy in patients with pars planitis who received immunosuppressive therapy.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series, single-center study. Twenty-two patients with pars planitis who received immunosuppressive therapy were included, with a median age at presentation of 9.

[Periocular foreign body: Two clinical cases with different management short title: periocular foreign body].

Background: In many cases, the presence of periocular foreign bodies continues to be a diagnostic challenge and a dilemma regarding their management in most cases. The key lies in the type of material of the foreign body and its location in the orbit to determine its management.

Clinical Cases: We present two cases of periocular foreign body; a description of the clinical presentation and their treatment are given in each case.

[Simulation training in ophthalmology].

Background: Simulation in medicine is an indispensable tool to improve doctors' responses to different situations, enhancing their performance. However, simulation in ophthalmology is a very recent trend, mainly because of the high complexity of developing newer teaching tools, with the need for highly realistic models, mostly in surgical ophthalmic simulation.

Discussion: The whole development of simulation in ophthalmology, from the very first attempts that used basic models, to the newer virtual reality models, allows for a comprehensive, faster, and more efficient development of skills necessary in basic and advance procedures in ophthalmology, creating a better learning environment, improving costs, and developing a very promising panorama, in which simulation can be incorporated in teaching programs all around the globe.

Vortex Pattern of Corneal Deposits in Granular Corneal Dystrophy Associated With the p.(Arg555Trp) Mutation in TGFBI.

Purpose: To describe 2 unrelated families with multiple members demonstrating a less commonly recognized vortex pattern of corneal deposits confirmed to be granular corneal dystrophy type 1 (GCD1) after identification of the p.(Arg555Trp) mutation in the transforming growth factor β-induced gene (TGFBI).

Methods: A slit-lamp examination was performed on individuals from 2 families, one of Mexican descent and a second of Italian descent.

Sclerodermatomyositis, ocular manifestations.

Background: Sclerodermatomyositis is an overlap syndrome of myositis and scleroderma, with dermatological, muscular and joint involvement, but may also present with ocular manifestations.

Clinical Case: A 57 year-old woman presented with ophthalmological manifestations, including scleral thinning 360°, and the presence of cells in the anterior and posterior chamber. Oriented physical examination and laboratory studies led to the diagnosis, with the need for systemic treatment.