WNT5A, β‑catenin and SUFU expression patterns, and the significance of microRNA deregulation in placentas with intrauterine growth restriction.

Placental insufficiency is a common cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It affects ~10% of pregnancies and increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although Wnt and Hh pathways are crucial for embryonic development and placentation, their role in the pathology of IUGR is still not sufficiently explored.

Prevalence and quality of endodontic treatment in the Northern Manhattan elderly.

Pulpitis results in significant morbidity among the elderly, particularly in underserved communities. We collected panoramic oral radiographs from 244 (mean age 67) participants of the Northern Manhattan Study, a prospective cohort study of stroke risk in a multiethnic urban population. Radiographs were evaluated for missing teeth, caries, restorations, periodontal bone loss, adequacy of endodontic treatment, and periapical radiolucencies.

Modelling neural informational propagation and functional auditory sensory memory with temporal multi-scale operators.

In this paper we prove that both diffusion and the leaky integrators cascade based transport mechanisms have as their inherent property the effect of temporal multi-scaling. The two transport mechanisms are modeled not as convolution based algorithms but as causal physical processes. This implies that propagation of information through a neural map may act as a mechanism for achieving temporal multi-scale analysis in the auditory system.

Radiographic measures of chronic periodontitis and carotid artery plaque.

Background And Purpose: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is associated with stroke and subclinical atherosclerosis, but clinical measurement of CP can be time consuming and invasive. The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiographically assessed CP is associated with nonstenotic carotid artery plaque as an ultrasound measure of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Methods: Panoramic oral radiographs were obtained from 203 stroke-free subjects ages 54 to 94 during the baseline examination of the Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study (INVEST).

Personality disorders associated with substance use among American and Greek adolescents.

A study was conducted to investigate the association between personality disorder (PD) symptomatology and substance use among adolescents in community settings in the United States and Greece. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders and the Adolescent Health Behavior Survey were completed by 37 male and 84 female adolescents, ages 15 to 18, who were recruited from an adolescent medical clinic and schools in and near New York City (n = 71) and Heraklion, Greece (n = 50). Results indicated that: (1) adolescents with PDs reported more frequent alcohol consumption during the past year than did those without PDs; (2) adolescents with borderline PD reported more cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol consumption than did those without borderline PD; (3) adolescents with antisocial PD symptomatology reported greater alcohol, cigarette, and illicit drug use than did those without antisocial PD symptomatology; and (4) although more American (30%) than Greek (4%) adolescents reported illicit substance use, differences were not observed in the prevalence of alcohol use, cigarette use, or personality disorders as a function of nationality.

Continuous radiographic visualization of the mandibular nutrient canals.

The continuous radiographic appearance of the course of mandibular nutrient canals (NC), originating from the incisive branch of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle bilaterally, showing anastomoses and terminating in the interdental area of the anterior teeth, is reported for the first time.

The law and who can expose dental radiographs.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which untrained, unlicensed, and unregulated auxiliary dental personnel are permitted by law to expose radiographs.

Study Design: A survey questionnaire was mailed to the agencies regulating dental practice of the 50 US and 3 regional jurisdictions. Information was requested regarding agency laws regulating who was permitted to prescribe dental radiographs, who was permitted to expose dental radiographs, and who, if anyone, was specifically prohibited.

Bilateral mandibular accessory foramina and canals: a case report and review of the literature.

Objectives: To present a case of bilateral mandibular accessory canals and foramina observed on CT and review the relevant literature.

Results: Based on the literature, accessory canals and foramina are prevalent in the posterior mandible and the area of the symphysis and more frequently on the internal than the external surface of the mandible. Bilateral symmetry is common.

Möbius syndrome with dental involvement: a case report and literature review.

The clinicopathological findings on a 17-year-old female with the Möbius/Moebius syndrome are reported. The signs and symptoms of this neuromuscular condition include congenital bilateral or unilateral palsies of the facial and abducens cranial nerves and a broad scope of multisystem abnormalities. A case of unilateral deficiencies of cranial nerves VI and VII, congenital ectrodactyly of toes, and multiple congenitally missing primary and permanent teeth is reported.

The history of dental radiology.

Several events leading to discovery of the X-ray beam by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in November 1895 are traced. Some early dental radiologic advances are discussed.

Exposure of the pregnant patient to ionizing radiation.

Because of the increased recognition of the lifetime risks from the exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation, it is recommended that alterations be made to the currently accepted guidelines for prescribing radiographs for pregnant patients. Particularly so, because it has been shown that optimal radiographic practices in dental schools and dental offices are not universally followed.

The radiographic incidence of multiple roots and canals in human mandibular premolars.

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence in mandibular premolars of multiple roots and root canals that could be demonstrated radiographically. The images of mandibular premolar teeth as seen on intraoral full-mouth radiographic surveys (547) taken with the paralleling technique were examined. In 99 patients (18.

Localization of impacted teeth utilizing inherent panoramic distortions.

Distortions in the size of images seen on panoramic radiographs can assist the clinician in determining the site of impacted teeth in relation to the dental arch. Application of this principle can often eliminate the necessity for additional radiographic views and prevent exposure of the patient to unnecessary radiation.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a case report.

A 13-year-old male patient classified as Type VIII, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, in which the typical periodontal findings are not seen, is presented. The patient has many partially erupted deciduous teeth and partially erupted mandibular permanent incisors. It is suggested that Type VIII has two subdivisions.

Restorative needs and pathological findings in northern Manhattan dentate community.

When determining the dental health of the population, radiographic findings cannot be omitted. Nor should large groups of people be left out as this affects the results significantly.