Improving implementation of needle and syringe programmes to expand, scale up, and sustain evidence-based prevention interventions for HIV and hepatitis C in prisons.

The 1990 resolution by the UN General Assembly committed member states to provide health-care equity for people in prison, who are included in the global goals to control HIV and eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030. WHO has set ambitious HCV elimination targets by including people who inject drugs (PWID), yet has not prioritised PWID who are incarcerated, a substantial population who have or are at risk for HCV infection. Human rights principles of health-care equity stipulate that "prisoners should enjoy the same standards of health care that are available in the community, without discrimination on the grounds of their legal status".

How the immune mousetrap works: Structural evidence for the immunomodulatory action of a peptide from influenza NS1 protein.

One of the critical stages of the T-cell immune response is the dimerization of the intramembrane domains of T-cell receptors (TCR). Structural similarities between the immunosuppressive domains of viral proteins and the transmembrane domains of TCR have led several authors to hypothesize the mechanism of immune response suppression by highly pathogenic viruses: viral proteins embed themselves in the membrane and act on the intramembrane domain of the TCRalpha subunit, hindering its functional oligomerization. It has also been suggested that this mechanism is used by influenza A virus in NS1-mediated immunosuppression.

AGGRESSIVE COURSE OF DIFFERENTIATED THYROID GLAND CANCER IN A PATIENT WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE: CASE ANALYSIS FROM PRACTICE.

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is usually characterized by a harmless clinical behavior but in some cases it can manifest itself as a metastatic damage to the bone system. The authors reported case from their practice of an aggressive DTC course in a patient with insulin resistance, accompanied by the development of metastases in the bone system. The main goals of the patient's treatment at each stage of radioiodine therapy were to reduce the foci of metastatic bone damage in terms of their number and volume as well as insulin resistance as a risk factor affecting insulin-like growth factors.

RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF ONCOLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF ANTI-TUMOR TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH THYROID CANCER ON THE BASIS OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CATAMNESTIC DATA.

Objective: The aim: Identification of new, non-trivial knowledge on the prediction of thyroid recurrence on the basis of follow-up data from medical histories.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The development of long-term oncological effects was studied on the catamnestic data of 157 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer who were treated according to a standard scheme, including radical surgery, radioiodine therapy and hormone therapy.

Results: Results: It is shown that the specificity of thyroglobulin as a cancer marker for thyroid cancer is not an unambiguous question and the probability of obtaining false-positive results on its basis is quite significant.

Ni mol-ecular complex with a tetra-dentate amino-guanidine-derived Schiff base ligand: structural, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies and photoelectric response.

The new mol-ecular nickel(II) complex, namely, {4-bromo-2-[({'-[(2-oxidobenzylidene)amino]carbamimidoyl}imino)methyl]phenolato}nickel(II) ,-di-methyl-formamide solvate monohydrate, [Ni(CHBrNO)]·CHNO·HO, (I), crystallizes in the triclinic space group with one mol-ecule per asymmetric unit. The guanidine ligand is a product of Schiff base condensation between amino-guanidine, salicyl-aldehyde and 5-bromo-salicyl-aldehyde templated by Ni ions. The chelating ligand mol-ecule is deprotonated at the phenol O atoms and coordinates the metal centre through the two azomethine N and two phenolate O atoms in a -NiNO square-planar configuration [average(Ni-N/O) = 1.

TRAF6 functions as a tumor suppressor in myeloid malignancies by directly targeting MYC oncogenic activity.

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an aging-associated condition characterized by the clonal outgrowth of pre-leukemic cells that acquire specific mutations. Although individuals with CH are healthy, they are at an increased risk of developing myeloid malignancies, suggesting that additional alterations are needed for the transition from a pre-leukemia stage to frank leukemia. To identify signaling states that cooperate with pre-leukemic cells, we used an in vivo RNAi screening approach.

Retrospective evaluation of an observational cohort by the Central and Eastern Europe Network Group shows a high frequency of potential drug-drug interactions among HIV-positive patients receiving treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objectives: The aim of this international multicentre study was to review potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) for real-life coadministration of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-specific medications.

Methods: The Euroguidelines in Central and Eastern Europe Network Group initiated a retrospective, observational cohort study of HIV-positive patients diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Data were collected through a standardized questionnaire and DDIs were identified using the University of Liverpool's interaction checker.

Green synthesis, characterization of silver nanoparticals for biomedical application and environmental remediation.

Production of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) to increase photocatalytic activity of commercial TiO (P25) and antibacterial activity of surgical sutures was studied. А new method of "green" synthesis of Ag-NPs from aqueous extract of grape skin (oxidation product), which is pre-processed by oxygen and ultrasound is reported. Also, a new method of electrochemical modification of surgical sutures was used.

[About the first Soviet therapeutic elite: Lazar Borisovitch Buhshtab, the follower of V. P. Obraztsov, and his clinical school (Odessa)].

The first Soviet therapeutic elite took shape in the second half of the 1920s. This process was not limited by few capital cities. So, L.

Evaluation of Reducing Ability and Antioxidant Activity of Fruit Pomace Extracts by Spectrophotometric and Electrochemical Methods.

The component profiles of apricot, grape, and black currant pomace extracts have been analyzed using HPLC coupled to diode-array detection and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS). The predominant components in grape, apricot, and black currant pomace extracts were phenolic acids and flavonols. The redox behavior of apricot, black currant, and grape pomace water extracts was evaluated by means of cyclic voltammetry.

The Few Who Made It: Commercially and Clinically Successful Innovative Bone Grafts.

Bone reconstruction techniques are mainly based on the use of tissue grafts and artificial scaffolds. The former presents well-known limitations, such as restricted graft availability and donor site morbidity, while the latter commonly results in poor graft integration and fixation in the bone, which leads to the unbalanced distribution of loads, impaired bone formation, increased pain perception, and risk of fracture, ultimately leading to recurrent surgeries. In the past decade, research efforts have been focused on the development of innovative bone substitutes that not only provide immediate mechanical support, but also ensure appropriate graft anchoring by, for example, promoting bone tissue formation.

Effect of the deuterium on efficiency and type of adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in vitro.

In this study, we performed an adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro with different deuterium content (natural, low and high) in the culture medium during differentiation process with parallel analysis of the gene expression, metabolic activity and cell viability/toxicity. After ADSCs differentiation into adipocytes we have done the analysis of differentiation process efficiency and determined a type of resulting adipocytes (by morphology, gene expression, UCP1 protein detection and adipokine production analysis). We have found that high (5 × 10 ppm) deuterium content significantly inhibit in vitro adipogenic differentiation of human ADSCs compared to the groups with natural (150 ppm) and low (30 ppm) deuterium content.

Comparative Analysis of the Different Dyes' Potential to Assess Human Normal and Cancer Cell Viability under Different / Ratios in a Culture Medium.

In this study, using new approach (laser diffraction + biological dyes), we have demonstrated the decrease of cells viability in the deuterated growth medium, whereas in the deuterium-depleted medium, there was an increase of cell viability. We have also found that not all dyes are equally sensitive to the / ratios in the culture medium (system) as well as to the different cell types (cancer vs normal cells).

Novel Cryopreservation Approach Providing Off-the-Shelf Availability of Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Clinical Applications.

Cryopreservation is the only established method to provide long-term storage and fast availability of cellular product for therapeutic applications. The overwhelming majority of cryopreservation media contain toxic concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) limiting the possibility for the direct administration of cryopreserved cells to the patients. Here, we propose a novel approach for nontoxic xeno-free cryopreservation of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) aimed at ensuring high viability, ready-to-use availability, and localized delivery of the cell-based graft into damaged tissues.

Comparative Analysis of Biological Properties of Large-Scale Expanded Adult Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Human Hair Follicle and Skin Dermis.

Introduction: The adult neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs) have significant perspectives for use in regenerative medicine. The most attractive sources for adult NCSC isolation are the hair follicles (HF) and skin dermis (SD) because of easy access and minimally invasive biopsy. The aim of this study was to compare the biological properties of HF- and SD-derived NCSCs after their large-scale expansion.

Study of Deuterium Effect on Biological Properties of Human Cultured Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

In current study we have shown the impact of deuterium content in growth medium on proliferation rate of human cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC). ADSCs have also demonstrated morphological changes when cultured in deuterated growth medium: the cell cultures did not reach confluence but acquired polygonal morphology with pronounced stress fibers. At high deuterium concentrations the ADSCs population doubling time increased which indicated the cell cycle retardation and decrease of cell proliferation rate.

Ultrasonic modification of carbonate scale electrochemically deposited in tap water.

Influence of the ultrasound intensity (28 kHz, 1.1-7.5 W/cm) on CaCO nucleation-growth on the surface of a cylinder mild steel electrode rotating at 500 rpm was studied in tap water.

Influence of risk factors on development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and legislative foundations for copd medical care in Ukraine.

Objective: Introduction: Out of all respiratory diseases COPD is the leading cause of death and is characterized with diffuse non-reversible airway obstruction. Many various components play role in development and progression of this disease, while COPD risk factors play the most prominent role. Further progress in healthcare system development around COPD in Ukraine requires analysis of legislation, regulating pulmonological medical service in Ukraine.

Large-scale expansion and characterization of human adult neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells from hair follicle for regenerative medicine applications.

Aim: The purpose of this work was to obtain, multiply and characterize the adult neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells from human hair follicle for their further clinical use.

Materials And Methods: Adult neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells were obtained from human hair follicle by explant method and were expanded at large-scale up to a clinically significant number. The resulted cell cultures were examined by flow cytometry and immunocytochemical analysis.

Endometrial stromal cells: isolation, expansion, morphological and functional properties.

Aim: We aimed to study biological properties of human endometrial stromal cells in vitro.

Materials And Methods: The endometrium samples (n = 5) were obtained by biopsy at the first phase of the menstrual cycle from women with endometrial hypoplasia. In all cases, a voluntary written informed consent was obtained from the patients.

Tissue-engineered bone for treatment of combat related limb injuries.

Aim: Based on our preliminary positive clinical results with use of cultured bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in traumatology, our aim was to develop living three-dimensional tissue-engineered bone equivalent transplantation technology for restoration of critical sized bone defects caused by combat related high energy trauma.

Materials And Methods: To fabricate bone equivalent we used devitalized allogeneic bone scaffolds (blocks and chips) seeded with cultured autologous cells: bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in mix with periosteal progenitor cells and endothelial progenitor cells. Quality/identity of cell cultures was assured by donor and cell culture infection screening (immunofluorescence assay, polymerase chain reaction), flow cytometry (cell phenotype), karyotyping (GTG banding), functional assays (colony forming units analysis, multilineage differentiation assay).

Postnatal extra-embryonic tissues as a source of multiple cell types for regenerative medicine applications.

Aim: We aimed to isolate and characterize the cell types which could be obtained from postnatal extra-embryonic tissues.

Materials And Methods: Fresh tissues (no more than 12 h after delivery) were used for enzymatic or explants methods of cell isolation. Obtained cultures were further maintained at 5% oxygen.

Structural and electrical properties of oxygen complexes in Cz and FZ silicon crystals implanted with carbon ions.

Unlabelled: We present a comparative study of thermal donor (TD) center formation mechanisms as a result of carbon ion implantation into float zone (FZ-Si) and Czochralski (Cz-Si) silicon crystals. The kinetics of the TD center formation and transformation of their structure during annealing have been investigated. Also, the TD center formation takes place after additional oxygen implantation into FZ/Cz-Si, and an important role of recoil oxygen atoms (from the screen oxide) has been demonstrated for the FZ-Si case.

UV-visible Faraday rotators based on rare-earth fluoride single crystals: LiREF4 (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Yb), PrF3 and CeF3.

High optical quality LiREF(4) (RE = Tb(3+), Dy(3+), Ho(3+), Er(3+) and Yb(3+)), PrF(3) and CeF(3) single crystals have been grown by the Czochralski technique. Their magneto-optical properties have been measured and analyzed in detail in the ultraviolet-visible wavelength region, and their figures of merit as Faraday rotators have been determined. CeF(3) presents superior properties above 300 nm, showing a figure of merit higher than that of the reference material, terbium-gallium-garnet, which is nowadays used in the visible-near infrared.