Exact calculation of conic constants and baffles for any two-mirror aplanatic telescope.

To calculate the conic constants of the primary and secondary mirrors of any aplanatic two-mirror telescope, nonexact equations have been used considering third-order approximations, although it was not considered that there is an infinite number of conic constants. In this paper, exact nonlinear equations are obtained; with them, the two conic constants of the mirrors are calculated without approximations. We also find that the conic constants depend on the position at the stop where the calculation is carried out, and there are always residual aberrations.

Hybrid algorithm for simulating the collimated transmittance of homogeneous stratified turbid media.

In this work we describe the development of a program that simulates the propagation of photons through refractive and reflecting optical components such as lenses, mirrors and stops that includes a biological tissue sample as the main issue to be investigated in order to get a simulated value of light distribution, in particular, of the unscattered light. The analysis of the photons that travel through the sample is based on the program Monte Carlo Multi-Layered with some modifications that consider a Gaussian beam as initial source of light. Position, directional cosines and weight of photons exiting the turbid media are used to propagate them through an optical system.

Genetic algorithms and MCML program for recovery of optical properties of homogeneous turbid media.

In this paper, we present and validate a new method for optical properties recovery of turbid media with slab geometry. This method is an iterative method that compares diffuse reflectance and transmittance, measured using integrating spheres, with those obtained using the known algorithm MCML. The search procedure is based in the evolution of a population due to selection of the best individual, i.

Retrieving the optical parameters of biological tissues using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Fourier series expansions. I. theory and application.

The determination of optical parameters of biological tissues is essential for the application of optical techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy is a widely used technique to analyze the optical characteristics of biological tissues. In this paper we show that by using diffuse reflectance spectra and a new mathematical model we can retrieve the optical parameters by applying an adjustment of the data with nonlinear least squares.