Temporal trends of the use of dexamethasone for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low-birth-weight preterm infants: a single-center evaluation.

Objective: To evaluate temporal trends in the use of dexamethasone for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted using an electronic database and medical records of all very low-birth-weight preterm infants admitted to a university tertiary neonatal unit between 2006 to 2022. The main outcome was the use of systemic dexamethasone to treat bronchopulmonary dysplasia, regardless of the dose or duration of treatment.

Molecular Biology for Diagnosis of Congenital and Neonatal Infections in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Newborns from a Brazilian Tertiary Hospital.

Unlabelled: The risk of infection transmission from mother to fetus depends on the pathogen. TORCH agents cause some neuroinfections, including Toxoplasmosis, rubella, Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex 1 and 2, and others (Varicella Zoster, Parvovirus B-19, Epstein-Barr virus, and Zika virus). The consequences can be stillbirth, prematurity, uterine growth restriction, and congenital malformations.

Long-lasting effects of control measures on trends in incidence in neonatal late-onset sepsis due to multiresistant bacteria in a Brazilian neonatal unit.

Background: In response to a 1995 outbreak of sepsis caused by multidrug-resistant (MR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), a Brazilian level III neonatal unit established a series of control and prevention measures. This study evaluated the long-term effects of these measures on late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) caused by MR bacteria from 2000 to 2020 and examined their impact on in-hospital mortality.

Methods: Newborns with LONS and positive cultures for Staphylococcus aureus, GNB, and Enterococcus sp were selected, adhering to Center for Desease Control and Prevention and local criteria.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) to Brazil.

Objective: To perform a cross-cultural adaptation and assess the content validity of the Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) for the Brazilian context.

Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation was completed in six steps, including translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, submission to an expert committee, testing of the prefinal version, and appraisal by the original author. The expert committee assessed the equivalence between versions based on the percentage of agreement, and content validity was evaluated using the content validity index (CVI) for each item of the scale (I-CVI) and for the overall scale (S-CVI) in terms of representativeness and clarity.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: temporal trend from 2010 to 2019 in the Brazilian Network on Neonatal Research.

Objective: To evaluate the temporal trend of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants who survived to at least 36 weeks' post-menstrual age (PMA) and BPD or death at 36 weeks' PMA, and to analyse variables associated with both outcomes.

Design: Retrospective cohort with data retrieved from an ongoing national registry.

Setting: 19 Brazilian university public hospitals.

Impact of resuscitation training program on neonatal outcomes in a region of high socioeconomic vulnerability in Brazil: an interventional study.

Objectives: This pre/post-intervention study aimed to evaluate neonatal outcomes after the implementation of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program of the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics.

Method: This interventional study was conducted across five secondary healthcare regions that supported 62 cities in the southwestern mesoregion of Piauí. It included 431 healthcare professionals responsible for neonatal care in the study region.

Evaluation of two polyethylene bags in preventing admission hypothermia in preterm infants: a quasi-randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To compare two polyethylene bags in preventing admission hypothermia in preterm infants born at <34 weeks gestation.

Method: Quasi-randomized unblinded clinical trial conducted at a level III neonatal unit between June 2018 to September 2019. The authors assign infants between 24 and 33 weeks' gestation to receive NeoHelp™ bag (intervention group) or a usual plastic bag (control group).

Factors associated with skin-to-skin contact less than 180 min/day in newborns weighing up to 1,800 g: multicenter study.

This article aims to evaluate the factors associated with a skin-to-skin contact time <180 min/day in newborns weighing up to 1,800 g during neonatal hospitalization. Prospective observational cohort study conducted in neonatal units of reference for the Kangaroo Method in Brazil. Data from 405 dyads (mother/child) were analyzed from May 2018 to March 2020.

Conservative management of newborns with 35 weeks or more of gestational age at risk for early-onset sepsis: a Brazilian cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the conservative management of newborns born at ≥35 weeks of gestational age, at risk for early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS).

Methods: Retrospective, analytic cohort study (2016 to 2019), including newborns ≥35 weeks of gestational at risk of EOS, asymptomatic at birth, managed conservatively in full rooming-in: serial physical examination and clinical observation for at least 48 h. They were classified into three groups, according to the clinical course: asymptomatic (group A), symptomatic for other reasons (group B), and with sepsis (group C).

Growth phenotypes of very low birth weight infants for prediction of neonatal outcomes from a Brazilian cohort: comparison with INTERGROWTH.

Objective: To assess the predictive value of selected growth phenotypes for neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants < 30 weeks and to compare them with INTERGROWTH-21 (IG21).

Method: Retrospective analysis of data from the Brazilian Neonatal Research Network (BNRN) database for very low birth weight (VLBW) at 20 public tertiary-care university hospitals.

Outcome: the composite neonatal morbidity and mortality (CNMM) consisted of in-hospital death, oxygen use at 36 weeks, intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 or 4, and Bell stage 2 or 3 necrotizing enterocolitis.

Neonatal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment as a late-onset sepsis mortality predictor in very low birth weight newborns: a Brazilian cohort study.

Death is a frequent occurrence in late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS). We aimed to evaluate if the Neonatal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (nSOFA) is associated with mortality due to LOS in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. This is a single-center Brazilian cohort study including VLBW infants admitted between 2006 and 2020 who were diagnosed with LOS caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus sp or Gram-negative bacteria.

The role of skin-to-skin contact in exclusive breastfeeding: a cohort study.

Objetive: To understand the role of exposure to skin-to-skin contact and its minimum duration in determining exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge in infants weighing up to 1,800g at birth.

Methods: A multicenter cohort study was carried out in five Brazilian neonatal units. Infants weighing ≤ 1,800g at birth were eligible.

Hypermagnesemia and feeding intolerance in preterm infants: A cohort study.

Background: Feeding intolerance (FI) is a common clinical problem in preterm infants often caused by some neonatal disorders and drugs, including antenatal exposure to magnesium sulfate (MgSO ).

Objective: To evaluate the association between hypermagnesemia at birth and FI in preterm infants during the first 72 h of life.

Method: This was a cohort study conducted with preterm infants aged <34 weeks' gestation.

Skin-to-skin contact and deaths in newborns weighing up to 1800 grams: a cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between dose of skin-to-skin contact (SSC) per day and initiation time with the occurrence of deaths in newborns with weight up to 1800g.

Method: Multicentric cohort in five Brazilian neonatal units, including newborns with a birth weight of ≤1800g. The time of SSC was registered in individual file, by the team or family during the hospitalization.

Early neonatal sepsis: prevalence, complications and outcomes in newborns with 35 weeks of gestational age or more.

Objective: To analyze the incidence, complications, and hospital discharge status in newborns with ≥35 weeks of gestational age with early neonatal sepsis.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study. Cases of early-onset sepsis registered from January 2016 to December 2019 in neonates with gestational age of 35 weeks or more were reviewed in a level III neonatal unit.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of antenatal corticoid in preterm twin and single pregnancies: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: The effects of antenatal corticosteroids (ANSs) on twins are not well established.

Objective: To determine the impact of ANS use according to the number of fetuses.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of newborns between 23 and 33 weeks of gestational age, birth weight from 400 to 1499 g, without malformations, delivered at 20 public university hospitals from 2010 to 2014.

Risk Perception and Decision Making about Early-Onset Sepsis among Neonatologists: A National Survey.

Objective: Many newborns are investigated and empirically treated for suspected early-onset sepsis (EOS). This study aimed to describe neonatologists' self-identified risk thresholds for investigating and treating EOS and assess the consistency of these thresholds with clinical decisions.

Study Design: Voluntary online survey, available in two randomized versions, sent to neonatologists from 20 centers of the Brazilian Network on Neonatal Research.

Temporal trend in early sepsis in a very low birth weight infants' cohort: an opportunity for a rational antimicrobial use.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate annual trends of early neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial use in very low birth weight infants for 12 years, as well as to identify microbiological agents, antimicrobial sensitivity profiles, and association with early neonatal death.

Method: This was a retrospective cohort study including 1254 very low birth weight infants admitted from 2006 to 2017. Four groups were evaluated: culture-confirmed sepsis; presumed neonatal sepsis; ruled out neonatal sepsis group; and infants not exposed to antibiotics.

PREDICTIVE VALUE OF THE GENERAL MOVEMENTS ASSESSMENT IN PRETERM INFANTS: A META-ANALYSIS.

Objective: To discuss the predictive value of the General Movements Assessment for the diagnosis of neurodevelopment disorders in preterm newborns.

Data Source: We conducted a systematic literature review using the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health (PubMed), and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE). The articles were filtered by language, year of publication, population of interest, use of Prechtl's Method on the Qualitative Assessment of General Movements, and presence of variables related to the predictive value.

Ultrasound diagnosis of microcephaly: a comparison of three reference curves and postnatal diagnosis.

Purpose: To evaluate which reference curve (RC)-Snijders, Intergrowth 21st (IG21) and World Health Organization (WHO)-is more accurate for microcephaly diagnosis.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study with more than 30,000 exams in more than 11,000 women. Microcephaly was confirmed by a neonatologist at birth and positive predictive values (PPVs) and misdiagnosis were assessed.

Admission hypothermia, neonatal morbidity, and mortality: evaluation of a multicenter cohort of very low birth weight preterm infants according to relative performance of the center.

This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the association of admission hypothermia (AH) with death and/or major neonatal morbidities among very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants based on the relative performance of 20 centers of the Brazilian Network of Neonatal Research. This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data using the database registry of the Brazilian Network on Neonatal Research. Center performance was defined by the relative mortality rate using conditional inference trees.

EVALUATION OF USABILITY OF A NEONATAL HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM ACCORDING TO THE USER'S PERCEPTION.

Objective: To measure the level of satisfaction regarding the usability of a neonatal health information system and identify if demographic factors can influence the usability of a health information system.

Methods: A cross-sectional, exploratory study was carried out with a convenience sample of 50 users of the Brazilian Neonatal Research Network. The instrument chosen for the usability evaluation was the System Usability Scale between February and March 2017.

ELECTROLYTE AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF TERM DONOR HUMAN MILK BEFORE AND AFTER PASTEURIZATION AND OF RAW MILK OF PRETERM MOTHERS.

Objective: To determine and compare the concentrations of electrolytes and minerals in three different types of maternal milk samples: term donor milk before pasteurization, term donor milk after pasteurization and raw milk of mothers of preterm newborns at bedside.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Concentrations of calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) were measured in random samples of three human breast milk groups.