Publications by authors named "Sergio R Hototian"
Objective: To determine which combination of cognitive tests and informant reports can improve the diagnostic accuracy of dementia screening in low educated older people.
Method: Patients with mild to moderate dementia (n=34) according to ICD-10 and DSM-III-R criteria and 59 older controls were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Fuld Object Memory Evaluation (FOME). Informants were assessed using the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly and the Bayer-Activities of Daily Living Scale.
Background: Dementia screening in elderly people with low education can be difficult to implement. For these subjects, informant reports using the long (L) (26 items) and short (C) (16 items) versions of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) can be useful. The objective of the present study was to investigate the performance of Brazilian versions of the IQCODE L, S and a new short version (SBr) (15 items) in comparison with the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) for dementia screening in elderly people with low education.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstimate of dementia prevalence in a community sample from São Paulo, Brazil.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord
February 2009
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dementia and understand its causes in a community sample from São Paulo, Brazil.
- Involving subjects over 60, the research diagnosed dementia in 6.8% of participants, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, followed by vascular dementia.
- The findings suggest a higher prevalence of dementia in Brazil than previously thought, highlighting the need for further studies to assess the impact on health services in the region.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) to identify metabolic changes in elderly individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and those with cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND).
- The sample included 13 AD patients, 12 CIND patients, and 15 normal individuals, with metabolic metabolites measured in specific brain regions.
- Findings indicated that parietal choline levels were higher in healthy controls and lower in CIND patients, while a combination of metabolites from different brain regions could assist in diagnosing and monitoring cognitive issues in the elderly.
Aims: To present the prevalence of cognitive and functional impairment (CFI) in community-dwelling elderly subjects from the city of São Paulo.
Methods: The population was aged 60 years and older (n = 1,563; 68.7% women and 31.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the Bayer - Activities of Daily Living scale's effectiveness in distinguishing individuals with mild to moderate dementia from healthy elderly individuals.
- The research involved 33 patients with diagnosed dementia and 59 controls, using several assessments including the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Bayer scale to gather data.
- Results indicated a strong correlation in the Bayer scale's consistency and significant differences in scores between dementia patients and controls, supporting its usefulness in diagnosing and monitoring dementia in Brazilian patients.
Unlabelled: Ageing has occurred in all regions of the world, with impact on neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly dementia. However, previous meta-analysis and reviews have shown high variability in world dementia prevalence rates.
Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a wide-ranging review of the dementia prevalence studies published in recent years.
Objective: This study aimed at estimating the prevalence of cognitive and functional impairment (CFI) in a community sample in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, evaluating its distribution in relation to various socio-demographic and clinical factors.
Methods: The population was a representative sample aged 60 and older, from three different socio-economic classes. Cluster sampling was applied.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer disease and cognitively impaired, nondemented elderly from a community-based sample in Brazil: prevalence and relationship with dementia severity.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry
May 2006
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia in Alzheimer disease (AD) and cognitively impaired nondemented (CIND) subjects from a community-based Brazilian sample and to correlate these symptoms with severity of cognitive deficits.
Method: A total of 1,563 randomly selected subjects were evaluated with the following screening tests: Mini-Mental Status Examination, Fuld Object Memory Evaluation, Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly, and Activities of Daily Living-International Scale. Screen positives were submitted to a workup for dementia, physical and neurologic examination, cranial computed tomography or cerebral magnetic resonance imaging, the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders, Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-ERM) data in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Cognitive Impairment Not Dementia (CIND) in a community sample.
- Investigated subjects included 6 with AD, 7 with CIND, and 7 normal controls, focusing on brain metabolites like N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), choline (Cho), and myo-inositol (mI) across different brain regions.
- The results showed that NAA levels were highest in controls, and specific metabolite patterns could correctly classify most subjects with AD versus controls and CIND versus controls, indicating the potential of spectroscopy for diagnosing cognitive impairment.
Objective: To study the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation combined with acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChE-I) treatment in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease and their relatives.
Method: Thirteen patients with mild Alzheimer's disease treated with rivastigmine 6-12 mg/day for more than two months started cognitive rehabilitation training. Before and after the cognitive rehabilitation training patients were assessed through cognitive tests, activities of daily living scale, neuropsychological battery and scales to evaluate caregivers' depressive and anxiety symptoms.
Objective: To determine if a functional scale combined with a cognitive test would improve the diagnostic accuracy of dementia.
Method: Thirty patients with mild to moderate dementia, diagnosed according to ICD-10 and DSM-III-R criteria, and 46 elderly controls, divided into three groups according to their socioeconomic status and educational level (high, medium and low) were investigated. The subjects were assessed with the MMSE, and their informants were assessed with the scales IQCODE and B-ADL.
Objective: This study aims to show preliminary results of the 'combined treatment' (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor + cognitive training) on a group of mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, followed-up for 7 months.
Methods: Six mild AD patients, diagnosed according to ICD-10 and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria, were included on a open trial with Rivastigmine, 6-12 mg/day, for 2 months, followed by a weekly cognitive rehabilitation group, for 5 months. Caregivers were submitted to a weekly group of counseling and support for 5 months.