Atezolizumab, vemurafenib, and cobimetinib in patients with melanoma with CNS metastases (TRICOTEL): a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study.

Background: Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown intracranial activity in melanoma with CNS metastases, but there remains an unmet need, particularly for patients with symptomatic CNS metastases. We aimed to evaluate atezolizumab in combination with cobimetinib or vemurafenib plus cobimetinib in patients with melanoma with CNS metastases.

Methods: TRICOTEL was a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study done in two cohorts: a BRAF wild-type cohort and a BRAF mutation-positive cohort, recruited at 21 hospitals and oncology centres in Brazil, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland.

Atezolizumab, vemurafenib, and cobimetinib in patients with melanoma with CNS metastases (TRICOTEL): a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study.

Background: Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown intracranial activity in melanoma with CNS metastases, but there remains an unmet need, particularly for patients with symptomatic CNS metastases. We aimed to evaluate atezolizumab in combination with cobimetinib or vemurafenib plus cobimetinib in patients with melanoma with CNS metastases.

Methods: TRICOTEL was a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 study done in two cohorts: a BRAF wild-type cohort and a BRAF mutation-positive cohort, recruited at 21 hospitals and oncology centres in Brazil, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland.

Health-related Quality of Life Analysis from KEYNOTE-426: Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib Versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: In the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 (NCT02853331) trial, pembrolizumab + axitinib demonstrated improvement in overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rate over sunitinib monotherapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Objective: To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in KEYNOTE-426.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 861 patients were randomly assigned to receive pembrolizumab + axitinib (n = 432) or sunitinib (n = 429).

Development of a core outcome set for basal cell carcinoma.

Background: There is variation in the outcomes reported in clinical studies of basal cell carcinoma. This can prevent effective meta-analyses from answering important clinical questions.

Objective: To identify a recommended minimum set of core outcomes for basal cell carcinoma clinical trials.

Phase II consolidation trial with anti-Lewis-Y monoclonal antibody (hu3S193) in platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer after a second remission.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of hu3S193, a humanized anti-Lewis-Y monoclonal antibody, as a consolidation strategy in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer who achieved a second complete response after salvage platinum-doublet chemotherapy.

Methods: This single-arm phase II study accrued patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer with Lewis-Y expression by immunohistochemistry who had achieved a second complete response after five to eight cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients received intravenous infusions of hu3S193, 30 mg/m every 2 weeks starting no more than 8 weeks after the last dose of chemotherapy and continuing for 12 doses, until disease progression, or unacceptable toxicity.

First-line atezolizumab monotherapy in patients with advanced BRAF wild-type melanoma.

Anti-programmed death-1 agents are an established option for advanced melanoma, but the anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) antibody atezolizumab, an agent approved for the treatment of multiple solid tumors, was not previously evaluated. This phase 1b study cohort (NCT03178851; cohort C) evaluated first-line atezolizumab 1,200 mg every 3 weeks in adults with BRAF wild-type, histologically confirmed, advanced or metastatic melanoma. The co-primary end points were confirmed objective response rate (ORR) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.

Differences in Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis by Ethnicity, Insurance Status, and Family Income in Young Women in the USA.

Purpose: Describe the clinical and epidemiological data from young women with breast cancer and determine the association between ethnicity, insurance status, family income, and breast cancer stage at the diagnosis in this population.

Methods: Women under the age of 40 diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2010 to 2014 and identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 registries database were included. Binary logistic regression was applied in order to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for factors that were potentially predictive for receiving a breast cancer diagnosis at stage I.

Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The combination of pembrolizumab and axitinib showed antitumor activity in a phase 1b trial involving patients with previously untreated advanced renal-cell carcinoma. Whether pembrolizumab plus axitinib would result in better outcomes than sunitinib in such patients was unclear.

Methods: In an open-label, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned 861 patients with previously untreated advanced clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma to receive pembrolizumab (200 mg) intravenously once every 3 weeks plus axitinib (5 mg) orally twice daily (432 patients) or sunitinib (50 mg) orally once daily for the first 4 weeks of each 6-week cycle (429 patients).

Everolimus Plus Endocrine Therapy for Postmenopausal Women With Estrogen Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: A Clinical Trial.

Importance: Cotargeting the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and estrogen receptor may prevent or delay endocrine resistance in patients receiving first-line treatment for advanced breast cancer.

Objective: To investigate the combination of everolimus plus endocrine therapy in first-line and second-line treatment settings for postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In the multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase 2 BOLERO-4 (Breast Cancer Trials of Oral Everolimus) clinical trial, 245 patients were screened for eligibility; 202 were enrolled between March 7, 2013, and December 17, 2014.

A randomised phase II study of chemoradiotherapy with or without nimotuzumab in locally advanced oesophageal cancer: NICE trial.

Purpose: Chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for patients with inoperable locally advanced oesophageal cancer. We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of chemoradiation combined with nimotuzumab, a humanised antibody directed against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Patients And Methods: Untreated patients with inoperable locally advanced oesophageal cancer and no distant metastases were randomised to chemoradiotherapy (cisplatin and fluorouracil combined with external beam radiation) alone or in combination with nimotuzumab.

Atypical Presentation: Metastatic Uveal Melanoma in a Young Patient without Visual Complaints.

Background: Uveal melanoma is a rare and aggressive subtype of melanoma, with singular characteristics that separate it from the most famous cutaneous melanoma. This uncommon condition becomes even rarer if we look at young population. Common chemotherapy regimens does not work with this aggressive disease in its metastatic scenario, and the new armament like targeted and immunotherapies are still looking for more robust evidence.

Lung cancer in Brazil: epidemiology and treatment challenges.

Lung cancer persists throughout the world as a major cause of death. In 2014, data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) estimated 16.400 new cases of lung cancer among men (second most common) and 10.

A phase II trial with anti-Lewis-Y monoclonal antibody (hu3S193) for the treatment of platinum resistant/refractory ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal carcinoma.

Objectives: The primary objective was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of hu3S193, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the Lewis-Y antigen, in patients with platinum resistant/refractory ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal carcinoma. Secondary objectives were safety and pharmacokinetics. In addition, we sought to determine the potential interaction of clinical benefit and patient characteristics.

"Burnout in Medical Oncology Fellows: a Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Brazilian Institutions".

Burnout syndrome is a common occurrence among oncologists. Doctors enrolled in residency programs in clinical oncology are exposed to similar risk factors; however, few data are available in this population. This study assessed the occurrence of burnout and associated factors among first-year residents at Brazilian institutions.

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma associated with breast implants: a report of 13 cases.

We report 13 cases of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) associated with breast implants. Patient age ranged from 39 to 68 years, and the interval from implant to ALCL was 4 to 29 years. All tumors were composed of large, pleomorphic cells that were CD30 and ALK1, and all 7 cases assessed had monoclonal T-cell receptor γ-chain rearrangements.

Clinical and molecular characterization of patients at risk for hereditary melanoma in southern Brazil.

Melanoma is the most dangerous of all common skin cancers, due to its propensity to metastasize. Therefore, identification of at-risk populations may allow early detection of disease at a curable stage. In Europe and North America, between 8-14% of melanoma patients have a family history of the disease, and a subset of these individuals possess germline mutations in the CDKN2A gene, which encodes the p16(INK4A) and p14(ARF) tumor suppressors.

Clinical characterization and risk profile of individuals seeking genetic counseling for hereditary breast cancer in Brazil.

Hereditary breast cancer (HBC) accounts for 5-10% of breast cancer cases and it significantly increases the lifetime risk of cancer. Our objective was to evaluate the sociodemographic variables, family history of cancer, breast cancer (BC) screening practices and the risk profile of cancer affected or asymptomatic at-risk women that undergo genetic counseling for hereditary breast cancer in public Brazilian cancer genetics services. Estimated lifetime risk of BC was calculated for asymptomatic women using the Gail and Claus models.

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the thyroid: case report].

The authors describe the case of a 33 year-old white female, without any clinical or laboratorial evidence of thyroiditis or clinical hypothyroidism, who presented with a rapidly enlarging anterior neck mass. Diagnosis of a follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was made through histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.