Molecular Bases of Protein Antigenicity and Determinants of Immunogenicity, Anergy, and Mitogenicity.

Background: The immune system is able to recognize substances that originate from inside or outside the body and are potentially harmful. Foreign substances that bind to immune system components exhibit antigenicity and are defined as antigens. The antigens exhibiting immunogenicity can induce innate or adaptive immune responses and give rise to humoral or cell-mediated immunity.

Medicinal Plants with Anti-dengue and Immunomodulatory Activity.

Dengue fever is a disease with a high mortality rate around the world, which is an important issue for the health authorities of many countries. As a result of this, the search for new drugs that are effective to combat this disease has become necessary. Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times to treat a wide list of diseases, including dengue fever.

Tannic Acid Exhibits Adjuvant Activity by Enhancing Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity Against BSA as a Protein Antigen.

Background: Immunization or vaccination is the process of inducing artificial immunity against an antigen taking advantage of the mechanisms of immunological memory. Current vaccines include substances known as adjuvants, which tend to improve the immunogenicity of the antigen, reduce the antigen quantity employed, and boost the immune response in weak responders. Unfortunately, only a few vaccine adjuvants are approved for human use.

Insights from Pharmaceutical Biotechnology into Phenolic Biopharmaceuticals against COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had infected more than 3.5M people around the world and more than 250K people died in 187 countries by May 2020. The causal agent of this disease is a coronavirus whose onset of symptoms to death range from 6 to 41 days with a median of 14 days.

Differential expression of mast cell granules in samples of metastatic and non-metastatic colorectal cancer in patients.

Various cell types participate in the tumor process, in which the mast cells have been described; however, the role they play in colorectal adenocarcinoma has not yet been fully understood. Therefore, the present work aimed to compare employing histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, the number of mast cells and the content of some cytoplasmic granules in moderately differentiated non-metastatic and metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma, analyzing tissue samples from patients. Histochemical techniques with Toluidine Blue (TBO), Periodic Schiff Acid (PAS), Alcian Blue/Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAB) and Alcian Blue/Safranin (ABS); as well as immunohistochemical reactions with anti-antibodies anti-Tryptase and anti-Chymase were applied to quantify total mast cells and content of some cytoplasmic granules.

[Study of the vascular morphology of the lower limb nerves used as grafts].

Introduction: The placement of a vascularized nervous graft is an option for acute nervous injuries treatment, as this has demonstrated a longer viability.

Objective: To carry out a macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the vascularity of the main lower limb nerves used as vascularized nervous grafts.

Materials And Methods: It was followed out a descriptive, transversal and non-comparative study to analyse the saphenous, the sural, the deep peroneal and the superficial peroneal nerves vascularity.