Risk of retinal vein occlusion following COVID-19 vaccination: a self-controlled case series.

Background: To evaluate the association between COVID-19 vaccination and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: This multicentre self-controlled case series included patients with RVO seen in five tertiary referral centres in Italy. All adults who received at least one dose of the BNT162b2, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, mRNA-1273 or Ad26.

Outcomes of Conventional 8.0-mm Versus Large 9.0-mm Diameter Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty for Keratoconus.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the clinical outcomes of large 9.0-mm diameter and conventional 8.0-mm big-bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Effects of Serial Sessions of Activa Mask for the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Introduction: To analyze outcomes on objective ocular surface parameters and subjective symptoms of serial weekly sessions using the Activa mask in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods: This is a prospective study including patients with symptomatic MGD who were treated with four weekly sessions using the Activa mask (SBM Sistemi, Turin, Italy). Noninvasive ocular surface examination was carried out before (T0) and 2 weeks after the last mask session (T1) using Idra (SBM Sistemi, Turin, Italy) for the measurement of: (1) noninvasive break-up time (NIBUT); (2) lipid layer thickness (LLT); (3) tear meniscus height (TMH); (4) meibomian gland loss (MGL) of upper and lower eyelids.

10-year experience with lamellar keratoplasty for the surgical Management of Paediatric Corneal Diseases.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of various lamellar keratoplasty techniques performed at our Institution in children aged 14 years or younger over the last decade.

Methods: This single-centre study reviewed 72 eyes that underwent lamellar keratoplasty for various indications. Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) was performed in 19 eyes, mushroom penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in 27 eyes and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in 25 eyes.

Accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation for cataract surgery after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of intraocular lens power (IOL) formulas for cataract surgery after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK).

Methods: This retrospective study included eyes which had previously undergone DALK and underwent standard phacoemulsification with monofocal IOL implantation between January 2012 and January 2021 at Ospedali Privati Forlì "Villa Igea" (Forlì, Italy). The predicted spherical equivalent (SE) was calculated using the Barrett Universal II, Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO), Haigis, Hoffer Q, Hoffer QST, Holladay 1, Holladay II, Kane and SRK/T formulas.

Impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism on the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

The most severe visual impairments due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are frequently caused by the occurrence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Although photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V) is currently a second-line treatment for neovascular AMD, it can be conveniently combined with drugs acting against vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) to reduce the healthcare burden associated with the growing necessity of anti-VEGF intravitreal re-injection. Because the common 677 C > T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR-C677T; rs1801133) has been described as predictor of satisfactory short-term responsiveness of AMD-related CNV to PDT-V, we retrospectively examined the outcomes of 371 Caucasian patients treated with standardized, pro-re-nata, photodynamic regimen for 24 months.

Clinical Outcomes of Preloaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts With Endothelium Tri-Folded Inwards.

Purpose: To evaluate the initial outcomes and complications of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) using donor tissues tri-folded with the endothelium inwards, preloaded at the Eye Bank, and delivered with bimanual pull-through technique.

Design: Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.

Methods: Setting: Eye bank and tertiary care eye department.

Effect of Factor XIII-A G185T Polymorphism on Visual Prognosis after Photodynamic Therapy for Neovascular Macular Degeneration.

Macular degenerations represent leading causes of central blindness or low vision in developed countries. Most of these severe visual disabilities are due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pathologic myopia (PM), both of which are frequently complicated by subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V) is still employed for CNV treatment in selected cases or in combined regimen.

Mechanism of inflammation in age-related macular degeneration: an up-to-date on genetic landmarks.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of irreversible visual impairment among people over 50 years of age, accounting for up to 50% of all cases of legal blindness in Western countries. Although the aging represents the main determinant of AMD, it must be considered a multifaceted disease caused by interactions among environmental risk factors and genetic backgrounds. Mounting evidence and/or arguments document the crucial role of inflammation and immune-mediated processes in the pathogenesis of AMD.

Mechanism of inflammation in age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial disease that represents the most common cause of irreversible visual impairment among people over the age of 50 in Europe, the United States, and Australia, accounting for up to 50% of all cases of central blindness. Risk factors of AMD are heterogeneous, mainly including increasing age and different genetic predispositions, together with several environmental/epigenetic factors, that is, cigarette smoking, dietary habits, and phototoxic exposure. In the aging retina, free radicals and oxidized lipoproteins are considered to be major causes of tissue stress resulting in local triggers for parainflammation, a chronic status which contributes to initiation and/or progression of many human neurodegenerative diseases such as AMD.

Genetic predictors of response to photodynamictherapy.

In Western countries, therapeutic management of patients affected by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to different typologies of macular degeneration represents a major health care problem. Age-related macular degeneration is the disease most frequently associated with CNV development. Schematically, CNVs can be distinguished into classic and occult subtypes, which are characterized by variable natural history and different responsiveness to some therapeutic procedures.

Impact of coagulation-balance gene predictors on efficacy of photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization in pathologic myopia.

Purpose: To investigate whether different coagulation-balance genetic backgrounds might explain the variable clinical outcomes detected, after a single photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V), in Caucasian patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathologic myopia (PM).

Design: Retrospective, consecutive, nonrandomized, interventional cases series.

Participants: Two hundred thirty-four patients exclusively treated with standardized PDT-V for the presence of PM-related classic CNV.

Parnaparin versus aspirin in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion. A randomized, double blind, controlled study.

Introduction: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common cause of unilateral visual loss. Evidence based treatment recommendations for patients with RVO cannot be made because of the lack of adequate clinical trials. To compare the efficacy and safety of aspirin and of a low molecular weight heparin, parnaparin, in the treatment of RVO.

Coagulation gene predictors of photodynamic therapy for occult choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To determine whether different coagulation-balance genetic polymorphisms explain the variable clinical outcomes of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V) in Caucasian patients with occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: The clinical records of consecutive patients with AMD-related occult CNV, treated with PDT-V for evidence of disease progression, were retrospectively examined. Eighty-four eligible subjects were subdivided into responders and nonresponders based on CNV responsiveness to the first PDT-V over a 3-month period.

12-month retrospective study and review of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the 12-month visual outcome of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V) for patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration and to verify the predictive role of visual and angiographic factors.

Methods: This retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series study included subjects with different forms of subfoveal CNV. All patients received PDT-V according to Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration With Photodynamic Therapy/Visudyne in Photodynamic Therapy guidelines.

Increased retinal blood flow in patients with active Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Purpose: To investigate retinal blood flow by Heidelberg retina flowmeter in patients with active Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients with active Graves' ophthalmopathy in euthyroid state and thirty normal controls were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure detection, complete ophthalmological examination, Hertel's exophthalmometry, and retinal blood flow analysis by Heidelberg retina flowmeter.

Predictive role of coagulation-balance gene polymorphisms in the efficacy of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for classic choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration.

Objectives: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) represents the leading cause of blindness in Western populations. The majority of severe vision loss occurs in the exudative form of AMD, characterized by the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) beneath the fovea. Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V) represents one of the most largely employed modality that maybe achieves the subfoveal CNV inactivation in AMD patients.

Effect of 2% dorzolamide on retinal blood flow: a study on juvenile primary open-angle glaucoma patients already receiving 0.5% timolol.

Aim: To investigate whether dorzolamide modifies peripapillary retinal haemodynamics in juvenile primary open-angle glaucoma (JPOAG) patients treated with timolol.

Methods: In 40 JPOAG subjects, before and after dorzolamide coadministration with timolol, the following examinations were achieved: intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), heart rate (HR), visual field and retinal flowmetry.

Results: Adjunctive therapy with dorzolamide induced the following modifications: IOP reduction [1.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma associated with bilateral atypical acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy.

Background/objective: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is a malignant neoplasm frequently associated with an increase in circulating immune complexes (CIC). Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) is a disease involving the chorioretinal structures of the eye, and it is commonly observed in association with several immunogenic disorders. We report here the clinical association between humoral immunologic modifications during tumoral diseases (long-standing CIC increase) and chorioretinal changes resembling atypical APMPPE.

Prevalence of factor XIII Val34Leu polymorphism in patients affected by spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhage.

Purpose: To verify the prevalence of Val34Leu polymorphism in factor XIII A-chain gene (FXIII Val34Leu) in patients with spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH).

Design: Nonrandomized case-control study.

Methods: One hundred seven white patients suffering from one or more episodes of idiopathic SCH and 107 healthy subjects were matched for age and gender, and genotyped for FXIII Val34Leu.