Away from home, into the fields: Assessing the health of undocumented and indigenous farmworkers.

A large and growing literature argues that the agricultural labor market is stratified by ethnicity and legal status. However, other markers of distinction, such as indigeneity, may overlap with legal status to reveal additional health inequalities. Our study contributes to this scholarly dialogue by assessing the relation between indigeneity, legality, and health among immigrant-origin farmworkers from Latin America.

How Housing, Employment, and Legal Precarity Affect the Sleep of Migrant Workers: A Mixed-Methods Study.

In the United States, natural disasters have increased in frequency and intensity, causing significant damage to communities, infrastructure, and human life. Migrant workers form part of a growing occupational group that rebuilds in the aftermath of natural disasters like hurricanes and tornadoes. The work these migrant workers perform is essential but also unstable, exploitative, and dangerous, which stresses their health and well-being.

Atraumatic Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation: A Case Report Treated with Excision of the Distal Clavicle Margin and Button Slide System with Allograft Tendon Reinforcement at Coracoclavicular and Acromioclavicular Joint.

Although acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation is a common injury following trauma involving the shoulder, it is rare in the absence of trauma. In this manuscript, we describe a case of ACJ in a 15-year-old girl who presented a painful dislocation with spontaneous shortening of the right acromioclavicular joint that forced her to temporarily abandon her sports career. After failure of conservative physiotherapy treatment, surgical intervention was proposed by performing an arthroscopic-assisted button slide combined with augmented hamstring allograft reconstruction.

Polymer perspective of genome mobilization.

Chromosome motion is an intrinsic feature of all DNA-based metabolic processes and is a particularly well-documented response to both DNA damage and repair. By using both biological and polymer physics approaches, many of the contributing factors of chromatin motility have been elucidated. These include the intrinsic properties of chromatin, such as stiffness, as well as the loop modulators condensin and cohesin.

Peer-to-Peer Social Media as an Effective Prevention Strategy: Quasi-Experimental Evaluation.

Background: Substance use by adolescents remains to be at unacceptably high levels, and there is evidence that teens' social norms are becoming more favorable toward recreational use and perceived safety of substances such as marijuana and prescription opioids. Social media offer a low-cost, potentially high-impact approach to disseminate prevention messages.

Objective: Living the Example (LTE) is a program that trains adolescent youth ambassadors to develop and disseminate prevention messages within their own social media networks and through in-school activities.

Implications of Social and Legal Status on Immigrants' Health in Disaster Zones.

This commentary highlights how immigrants who are linguistically isolated, have limited social networks, and lack legal immigration status experience unique health risks in disaster zones. Research on immigrants and disasters tends to focus on immigrants with these characteristics who are residents of disaster-affected areas, disaster recovery workers, or both. We review the sparse research literature and provide examples of innovative but underresourced programs that reduce immigrants' exposure to disaster-related health hazards and economic exploitation in the recovery.

Communication flows and the durability of a transnational social field.

We draw on unique data on communication flows between migrants and non-migrants in a bi-national, cross-border social network to test competing theories of the process of social incorporation. While advocates of the assimilation perspective argue that social incorporation is largely a one-way street, a recent literature on immigrant transnationalism challenges this view by arguing that changes in communication technologies and reductions in travel costs have made it possible for migrants to retain meaningful connections to their origin communities. In the context of this debate, we argue that communication flows-as measured by a combination of the number of social ties and the frequency of communication with them-provide an empirical test of the potential durability of cross-border networks.

Gender, migration and perceptions of HIV risk in Mexico.

This study examines the role that duty plays in men's and women's perceptions of HIV-related risk in Mexico, and how gender and migration influence these perceptions. We draw on qualitative data from the 2014 Study of Health and Migration in Mexico (SHMM), which included 24 in-depth interviews with migrant men and non-migrant women living in a medium-sized city in Guanajuato, Mexico. While men report migrating out of responsibility to provide for their families, this sense of duty also had implications for their sexual health behaviours.

Adaptive filtering for hidden node detection and tracking in networks.

The identification of network connectivity from noisy time series is of great interest in the study of network dynamics. This connectivity estimation problem becomes more complicated when we consider the possibility of hidden nodes within the network. These hidden nodes act as unknown drivers on our network and their presence can lead to the identification of false connections, resulting in incorrect network inference.

Gambling with life: Masculinity, risk, and danger in the lives of unauthorized migrant roofers.

Background: This paper examines the occupational experiences of unauthorized immigrants employed in one of the most dangerous occupations in the United States: roofing.

Methods: We draw on 40 in-depth interviews with return migrants in Guanajuato, Mexico, to examine how the adoption of masculinity, dangerous working conditions, the labor market structure, and absence of legal status exacerbates injuries for unauthorized roofers.

Findings: Undocumented men return to Mexico injured with chronic pain, health complications, and trauma.

High altitude agriculture in the Titicaca basin (800 BCE-200 CE): Impacts on nutrition and disease load.

Objectives: This study investigates the biological impacts of sedentism and agriculture on humans living in the high altitude landscape of the Titicaca Basin between 800 BCE and CE 200. The transition to agriculture in other global areas resulted in increases in disease and malnutrition; the high altitude of the Titicaca Basin could have exacerbated this. Our objective is to test whether the high altitude of the Titicaca Basin created a marginal environment for early agriculturalists living there, reflected through elevated rates of malnutrition and/or disease.

Relationship Between Temperament and Character Traits, Mood, and Medications in Bipolar I Disorder.

Introduction: Bipolar I disorder is an illness causing mood shifts that can result in personality and character trait alterations. The relationship between mood and personality and character traits in bipolar I disorder is unclear at this time.

Methods: We conducted a study from February 2009 to March 2010 that included 42 subjects with bipolar I disorder, which was confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I Disorders.

The mental well-being of Central American transmigrant men in Mexico.

To understand the mental health status of Central American migrant men travelling through Mexico to the U.S., we analysed the association between migration-related circumstances/stressors and psychological disorders.

Three trepanned skulls from the Copacabana Peninsula in the Titicaca Basin, Bolivia (800 BC-AD 1000).

This paper presents three trepanned skulls from the Copacabana Peninsula in the Titicaca Basin, dating from 800 BC to AD 1000. Trepanation has been practiced for two millennia in the Andes, with the earliest specimens coming from the coastal Paracas culture (circa 400 BC). Trepanned skulls have been found throughout the Andes, displaying a variety of techniques.

Bi-national Social Networks and Assimilation: A Test of the Importance of Transnationalism.

While the concept of transnationalism has gained widespread popularity among scholars as a way to describe immigrants' long-term maintenance of cross-border ties to their origin communities, critics have argued that the overall proportion of immigrants who engage in transnational behavior is low and that, as a result, transnationalism has little sustained effect on the process of immigrant adaptation and assimilation. In this paper, we argue that a key shortcoming in the current empirical debate on transnationalism is the lack of data on the social networks that connect migrants to each other and to non-migrants in communities of origin. To address this shortcoming, our analysis uses unique bi-national data on the social network connecting an immigrant sending community in Guanajuato, Mexico, to two destination areas in the United States.

Identifying and Measuring the Lifelong Human Capital of "Unskilled" Migrants in the Mexico-U.S. Migratory Circuit.

Most human capital and migration studies classify migrants with limited formal education as "unskilled," despite substantial skills developed through job and life experiences. Drawing on a binational multi-stage research project that involved interviews with 320 Mexican migrants and return migrants in North Carolina and Guanajuato, Mexico, we identify the they acquired and transferred throughout their careers and discovered that these include not only basic education and English, but also technical and social skills and competences acquired informally on and off the job throughout life cycle. We further found that the learning and transfer of skills is a lifelong, gendered process, reflecting the different social contexts and jobs in which men and women learn.