Angiographic description of the superior rectal artery and its anatomical variations in patients undergoing embolization of the superior rectal arteries in hemorrhoidal disease treatment.

Background: Angiography of the superior rectal artery showed that its branches were divided into four main branches (two left and two right) in 46.8%; the second most frequent variation was one right and two left branches in 26.6%, followed by two branches to the right and one to the left in 20%; the most uncommon variations were one to the right and one to the left without further subdivision in 6.

Oncologic outcomes for robotic versus laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer: an ACS-NSQIP analysis.

Robotic colectomy has been associated with comparable or improved short-term morbidity and mortality when compared to laparoscopic colectomy, including shorter length of stay. In this study, we sought to understand oncologic advantages for robotic as compared to laparoscopic colectomy in colon cancer. We analyzed the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) participant user files for all elective colon cancer cases from 1/2016 through 12/2021 performed with minimally invasive surgical techniques (robotic and laparoscopic).

Concomitant or antecedent intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm is not a prognostic factor in resected pancreatic cancer.

Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN)-associated pancreatic cancer is becoming a common subtype of pancreatic cancer found in resected specimens. The prognostic of this subtype is still under evaluation. The study aims to evaluate the prognosis of IPMN-associated pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared to the conventional pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Frequency of Deleterious Germline Variants in HER2-Low Breast Cancer Patients Using a Hereditary Multipanel Gene Testing.

HER2-Low is defined as low levels of HER2 expression, based on a score of 1+ on immunohistochemical (IHC) assay or as an IHC score of 2+ and negative results on in situ hybridization (ISH or FISH). They are a heterogeneous population of breast cancers that vary in prognosis and sensitivity to systemic treatments. The frequency and clinical characteristics of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in HER2-Low breast cancer (BC) patients is not defined.

A breath of fresh air: impact of insect-borne protozoan parasites on the respiratory system.

The protozoan parasites Plasmodium, Leishmania, and Trypanosoma are transmitted by hematophagous insects and cause severe diseases in humans. These infections pose a global threat, particularly in low-resource settings, and are increasingly extending beyond the current endemic regions. Tropism of parasites is crucial for their development, and recent studies have revealed colonization of noncanonical tissues, aiding their survival and immune evasion.

Prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer under different treatment types: a retrospective study.

Objective: Currently programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors in combination with other therapies are being evaluated to determine their efficacy in cancer treatment. However, the effect of PD-ligand (L) 1 expression on disease outcomes in stage III (EC III) non-small cell lung cancer is not completely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the influence of PD-L1 expression on the outcomes of EC III non-small cell lung cancer.

Brazil-TNT: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Followed by FOLFIRINOX Versus Chemoradiation for Stage II/III Rectal Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant radiation and oxaliplatin-based systemic therapy (total neoadjuvant therapy-TNT) have been shown to increase response and organ-preservation rates in localized rectal cancer. However, trials have been heterogeneous regarding treatment protocols and few have used a watch-and-wait (WW) approach for complete responders. This trial evaluates if conventional long-term chemoradiation followed by consolidation of FOLFIRINOX increases complete response rates and the number of patients managed by WW.

Robot-assisted transanal minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma.

This is a video vignette of a 57-year-old asymptomatic female patient. The patient underwent a screening colonoscopy which revealed a 10 mm scar in the rectum. Biopsy resulted in a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma.

Does Tri-Staple™ technology reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery? A propensity score matching analysis.

Background And Objectives: This study evaluates the Tri-Staple™ technology in colorectal anastomosis.

Methods: Patients who underwent rectosigmoidectomy between 2016 and 2022 were retrospectively evaluated and divided into two groups: EEA™ (EEA) or Tri-Staple™ (Tri-EEA). The groups were matched for age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), and neoadjuvant radiotherapy using propensity score matching (PSM).

Intracorporeal anastomosis could be associated with a higher lymph node yield in right colon cancer surgery: Results of the ICA-LATAM study, a retrospective, multicentre, comparative analysis in Latin America.

Aim: The aim of this work was to compare lymph node (LN) yield in patients operated on for right colon cancer (RCC) using a laparoscopic approach between those receiving an intracorporeal (ICA) or extracorporeal anastomosis (ECA).

Method: This is a retrospective multicentre study involving patients operated on for RCC in nine tertiary referral centres in Latin America during a 2-year period. The main comparative outcome between groups was the number of LNs harvested between groups.

Risk Factors for Early Lower Limb Re-Amputation in Vascular Diseases.

Background: Numerous risk factors for lower limb amputations are known; however, this study aimed to identify risk factors for re-amputation in patients within 6 months from an initial lower limb amputation procedure.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study was performed at the Hospital Regional Hans Dieter Schmidt in Brazil. The study included patients who were aged at least 18 years and had undergone lower limb amputation between 2013 and 2022.

Surgical and medical outcomes in robotic compared to laparoscopic colectomy global prospective cohort from the American college of surgeons national surgical quality improvement program.

Background: Evidence regarding the outcomes benefits of robotic approach, when compared to a laparoscopic approach, in colectomy remain limited.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the value of robotic approach compared to laparoscopic approach in minimally invasive colectomy.

Design: Cohort study of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP).

Bowel preparation for elective colectomy in Crohn's disease: results from a global cohort study using the NSQIP database.

Aim: The role of bowel preparation before colectomy in Crohn's disease patients remains controversial. This retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes associated with mechanical and antibiotic colon preparation in patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease undergoing elective colectomy.

Method: Data were collected from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program participant user files from 2016 to 2021.

An Overview of Robotic Colorectal Surgery Adoption and Training in Brazil.

Robotic surgical systems have rapidly become integrated into colorectal surgery practice in recent years, particularly for rectal resections, where the advantages of robotic platforms over conventional laparoscopy are more pronounced. However, as with any technological advancement, the initial high costs can be a limiting factor, leading to unequal health service access, especially in middle- and lower-income countries. A narrative review was conducted with the objective of providing an overview of the escalating adoption, current training programmes, and certification process of robotic colorectal surgery in Brazil.

Production of Recombinant Zika Virus Envelope Protein by Airlift Bioreactor as a New Subunit Vaccine Platform.

The Zika Virus (ZIKV) is an emerging arbovirus of great public health concern, particularly in the Americas after its last outbreak in 2015. There are still major challenges regarding disease control, and there is no ZIKV vaccine currently approved for human use. Among many different vaccine platforms currently under study, the recombinant envelope protein from Zika Virus (rEZIKV) constitutes an alternative option for vaccine development and has great potential for monitoring ZIKV infection and antibody response.

Keyhole Versus Sugarbaker Mesh Configuration in Parastomal Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Parastomal hernia repairs (PHRs) are often complex and challenging, even for experienced abdominal wall surgeons. Although the ideal therapeutic option in the setting of a parastomal hernia is to restore intestinal continuity, this is often not feasible, and numerous techniques have been described for PHR. Current guidelines recommend using mesh for elective PHR, but there is a scarcity of evidence comparing different PHR techniques.

A multi-centre randomized controlled trial investigating Consolidation Chemotherapy with and without oxaliplatin in distal rectal cancer and Watch & Wait.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation(nCRT) has been considered the preferred initial treatment strategy for distal rectal cancer. Advantages of this approach include improved local control after radical surgery but also the opportunity for organ preserving strategies (Watch and Wait-WW). Consolidation chemotherapy(cCT) regimens using fluoropyrimidine-based with or without oxalipatin following nCRT have demonstrated to increase complete response and organ preservation rates among these patients.

Penis metastasis in colon cancer: A case report of an unusual site of dissemination.

Introduction And Importance: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is estimated that approximately 1.93 million new cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed and almost one million global colorectal cancer-caused deaths in 2020.

Response to Abemaciclib and Immunotherapy Rechallenge with Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in a Heavily Pretreated TMB-H Metastatic Squamous Cell Lung Cancer with CDKN2A Mutation, PIK3CA Amplification and TPS 80%: A Case Report.

Inactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene is considerably more frequent in squamous cell lung cancer (SqCLC) than in other subtypes of lung cancer and may be a promising target for this histology. Here, we present the course of diagnosis and treatment of a patient with advanced SqCLC, harboring not only CDKN2A mutation but also PIK3CA amplification, Tumor Mutational Burden-High (>10 mutations/megabase), and a Tumor Proportion Score of 80%. After disease progression on multiple lines of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, he responded favorably to treatment with the CDK4/6i Abemaciclib and later achieved a durable partial response to immunotherapy rechallenge with a combination of anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4, nivolumab, and ipilimumab.