[Change in potassium ion homeostasis of the crystalline lens in mice with hereditary cataracts (the CatFr line)].

Fraeser mouse lens morphology and potassium homeostasis were studied. It was shown that just at the age of one month mouse lens exposed "bull" cells which could be observed in patients with senile cataract as well. Nucleated fusiform extended cells were found 4 months later in the central part of the lens which was not typical for this part of the whole normal lens.

[Transfer of the gene of the BTSh 70 heat-shock protein from Drosophila into the mouse genome].

The integration of the gene of the Drosophila heat shock protein BTSh 70 into the mouse genome has been described. Approximately 20 copies of the gene were integrated.

[Radionuclide method of determining the proteolytic activity of the stomach contents (clinical studies)].

The authors described clinical testing of a new tubeless radionuclide rapid method for measuring gastric content proteolytic activity (GCPA) using a protein (gelatin) capsule filled with a radiopharmaceutical (RP). The solution time of a capsule with a radiotracer determined by its clearance, corresponded to GCPA measured after Mett's method. The testing has shown that the above method is physiological, causes no complications and unpleasant sensations in patients, is simple to perform, and can be recommended for a wide clinical use in gastroenterology.

[Genetic transformation of animals and the possibilities for studying gene expression].

The literature is reviewed concerning the factors of the foreign DNA integration into the genome and the regulation of tissue and stage specific expression of the introduced genes in transgenic animals. Examples are given of utilizing transgenic mice for testing various hypotheses in immunology, oncology, virology, etc.

[New radionuclide method of determining the proteolytic activity of the stomach contents (experimental studies)].

A possibility of the use of a radionuclide tubeless rapid method for measuring gastric content proteolytic activity (GCPA) with the help of a protein (gelatin) RP containing capsule was demonstrated in experiments in vitro. There was correlation between the time of dissolution of RP containing capsules and GCPA determined after Mett's method. Reference time intervals were established for normal, raised and lowered proteolytic activity.

[Value of myocardial scintigraphy using T1-201 in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in patients with block of the left peduncle of the bundle of His].

Possible use of loading myocardial 201T1 scintigraphy is considered for patients with blocked left peduncle of His' bundle. The procedure is shown to be of considerable value for the prognosis of coronary heart disease in such patients.

[Extraction of cholesterol from the blood using multiple emulsions].

The process of cholesterol extraction from the blood of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis was investigated, with the following reinjection of the blood with reduced amount of cholesterol. Liquid membranes were applied to extract free cholesterol. Emulsion consisting of blood-compatible membrane (oil and sorbitan oleate) and the inner phase (water solution of digitonin) was used as an extractant.

[Clinical aspects of the quantitative evaluation of the accumulation of Tl-201 in the myocardium].

Clinical use of the quantitative method of evaluation of myocardial perfusion reserve capacities was analysed in patients with ischaemic heart disease, dilating cardiomyopathy and essential hypertension. Using Tl(201) myocardial scintigraphy, the indicator accumulation in the myocardium was quantitatively evaluated and the interrelationship between the myocardial mass, myocardial perfusion and its reserve capacities in patients with dilative cardiomyopathy was established. It was noted that myocardial perfusion changes in patients with CHD and essential hypertension depend on changes in the cardiac pump function.

[Blood aggregation and the system of microcirculation in experimental atherosclerosis, its spontaneous regression and hemosorption].

Blood aggregate state and microcirculation were studied during development and spontaneous regression of experimental atherosclerosis and following hemosorption. It has been shown that experimental atherosclerosis is not only accompanied by changes in blood lipid composition, but also by disturbances in the structure and function of microcirculatory bed. Normalization of blood lipid composition and recovery of blood aggregate state and microcirculatory bed structure and function were not observed during spontaneous regression.

[Single-photon emission computerized tomography in the diagnosis of liver diseases].

A comprehensive examination of patients with various liver diseases was performed using the methods of axial x-ray computerized tomography, ultrasound scanning compared to plane liver scintigraphy with 99m TC-colloid and a new method of one-photon emission computerized tomography (OECT). The sensitivity of the OECT, SG and USE methods was 92.7; 75.

[Use of myocardial scintigraphy with 201T1 in combination with the dipyridamole test in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Possible diagnostic use of myocardial 201T1-scintigraphy combined with the dipyridamole test in coronary patients is described. Twenty-six patients were investigated. Coronarography showed atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries in 12.

[Determination of the size of a myocardial infarct by the technic of single-photon emission computer tomography].

A study of 38 patients with acute myocardial infarction verified by clinical, laboratory and electrocardiographic data made use of single-photon emission computered tomography, a new radiodiagnostic method for the assessment of the extent of myocardial lesion. Its findings were compared with cardiospecific enzyme activity data and showed good correlation. The new technique was found to be more informative as compared to plane scintigraphy.

[Use of myocardial scintigraphy with Tl-201 and veloergometry in patients with typical stenocardia and atypical pain syndrome].

The results of myocardial scintigraphy with 201Tl used in combination with bicycle ergometry in 19 patients with typical angina and in 41 patients with an atypical pain syndrome are reported. Possible use of a single 201Tl dose at the peak of exercise is considered. The diagnostic value of myocardial scintigraphy with 201Tl was not basically different from that of conventional bicycle ergometry in patients with typical angina, whereas in cases of an atypical pain syndrome myocardial scintigraphy had an essential advantage over bicycle ergometry, which in this case was associated with a noticeably increased number of uncertain or negative results.

[Emission computed tomography--new radiodiagnostic method].

A total of 224 patients with different diseases of the brain, lungs, heart, focal and chronic liver diseases, voluminous kidney changes and metastatic bone lesions were examined. A new radiodiagnostic method of emission computerized tomography was used in correlation with planar scintigraphy and x-ray computerized tomography. The author showed the value of the method in the diagnosis of the disturbed blood circulation of the organs.

[Single-photon emission computed tomography with 201Tl in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease].

One hundred and thirty-six patients with CHD were examined by plane scintigraphy and single-photon emission computer-aided tomography (SPECT). The control group comprised 26 healthy persons. Two SPECT techniques were compared (gamma-chamber rotation at 360 and 180 degrees).

[The antioxidant system of transferrin-ceruloplasmin in experimental hypercholesterolemia].

Experimental rabbits were fed cholesterol during three months. The amount of cholesterol, lipid peroxidation products, and the ratio of the ESR signal of ceruloplasmin to one of transferrins (Cp/Tf) increased in the serum of experimental rabbits as compared with the control group animals. The animals with the high Cp/Tf ratio had a low cholesterol level and a low concentration of lipid peroxidation products in the serum.

[Changes in the passive electrical properties of the erythrocytes during hemosorption].

Passive electrical properties of erythrocytes were studied during hemosorption in vivo. It was shown that specific conduction and capacity of the erythrocyte plasma membrane were reduced after hemosorption. Incubation of erythrocyte suspension with free fatty acids resulted in an increase in specific conduction and capacity of the plasma membrane.

[Use of nitroglycerin in the treatment of patients with myocardial infarct].

The effect of the intravenous administration of nitroglycerin on the general course of myocardial infarction as well as on such syndromes as acute left ventricular insufficiency, progressive congestive cardiac failure and the recurring painful syndrome was studied. The assessment of the effect of the drug was carried out in relation to its capacity to limit the extension of myocardial infarction and regulate the blood supply to the organs. The data on the frequency and nature of side-effects following nitroglycerin administration are presented.

[Structural and functional changes in thrombocytes in experimental atherosclerosis].

Electron paramagnetic resonance with the use of stearic acid derivatives (5- and 16-doxylstearate) as spin probes was applied to studies of the structural organization of rabbit platelets in experimental atherosclerosis. Substantial differences were established in the molecular packing of phospholipid plasma membranes, associated with a higher molar content of cholesterol in the cells. An increase in the aggregation properties of platelets was also observed, manifesting in a shorter time of the ADP-induced aggregation of platelets isolated from plasma.