Neuroprotective Efficacy of a Nanomicellar Complex of Carnosine and Lipoic Acid in a Rat Model of Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Disease.

Oxidative stress, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, is a key mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Both carnosine and lipoic acid are potent antioxidants, the applicability of which in therapy is hindered by their limited bioavailability. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective properties of a nanomicellar complex of carnosine and lipoic acid (CLA) in a rotenone-induced rat model of PD.

Sex-Dependent Protective Effect of Combined Application of Solubilized Ubiquinol and Selenium on Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Wistar Rats.

Ubiquinol exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Selenium is a part of a number of antioxidant enzymes. The monocrotaline inducible model of pulmonary hypertension used in this study includes pathological links that may act as an application for the use of ubiquinol with high bioavailability and selenium metabolic products.

The dynamics of nigrostriatal system damage and neurobehavioral changes in the rotenone rat model of Parkinson's disease.

Subcutaneous administration of rotenone to rats is currently a widely used method of reproducing Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms, due to its convenience and effectiveness. Despite this, its influence on the temporal dynamics of parkinsonism development has yet to be investigated. The present study characterizes behavioral and neurochemical disruptancies underlying the dynamics of parkinsonism development in rats, induced by chronic subcutaneous administration of 2 mg/kg rotenone over the course of 18 days.

A new derivative of acetylsalicylic acid and carnosine: synthesis, physical and chemical properties, biological activity.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to create and assess biological activity of a new compound based on carnosine and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) that will comprise antioxidant effect with antiplatelet activity, while simultaneously preventing side effects on the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods: Salicyl-carnosine (SC) was synthesized by condensation of ASA and carnosine. Antioxidant activity was determined by spectrophotometric and chemiluminescence methods.

Neuroprotective effect of the carnosine - α-lipoic acid nanomicellar complex in a model of early-stage Parkinson's disease.

In a model of early-stage Parkinson's disease induced by a single intranasal administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to Wistar rats, a neuroprotective effect of a new derivative of carnosine and α-lipoic acid (C/LA nanomicellar complex) was demonstrated. Acute intraperitoneal administration of carnosine, α-lipoic acid and C/LA complex following MPTP administration normalized the total antioxidant activity in the brain tissue. Of all the compounds tested only C/LA complex normalized the metabolism of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), while its components did not show similar effects when used separately.

Effect of carnosine and its Trolox-modified derivatives on life span of Drosophila melanogaster.

This study investigated the effect of antioxidants, i.e., carnosine and its Trolox- (water-soluble analog of alpha-tocopherol) acylated derivatives (S,S)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carbonyl-beta-alanyl-L-histidine (S,S-Trolox-carnosine, STC) and (R,S)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carbonyl-beta-alanyl-L-histidine (R,S-Trolox-carnosine, RTC) on the life span of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.

Oxidative stress induced in rat brain by a combination of 3-nitropropionic acid and global ischemia.

In our investigation, we describe the complex model of brain oxidative stress consisted of combination of experimental brain ischemia and energy metabolism violation induced by irreversible inhibitor of mitochondrial succi-nate dehydrogenase, 3-nitropropionate (3-NPA). 3-NPA causes selective degeneration of striatum neurons, which is extremely sensitive to energy deficit. This complex model allows revealing not only biochemical but also neurological symptoms in experimental animals that permits proper estimation of protective effect of different drugs on animal status.

Low in vivo brain glucose consumption and high oxidative stress in accelerated aging.

The validity of the free radical theory of aging has been recently questioned. Our aim was to test whether there is oxidative stress in tissues critically involved in accelerated aging (senescence-accelerated mice, SAM) and whether this correlates with lower glucose consumption in vivo and behavioural tests. Positron emission tomography shows that brains of old SAM-prone animals consume less glucose than young ones.

Carnosine protects the brain of rats and Mongolian gerbils against ischemic injury: after-stroke-effect.

Carnosine, a specific constituent of excitable tissues of vertebrates, exhibits a significant antioxidant protecting effect on the brain damaged by ischemic-reperfusion injury when it was administered to the animals before ischemic episode. In this study, the therapeutic effect of carnosine was estimated on animals when this drug was administered intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg body weight) after ischemic episode induced by experimental global brain ischemia. Treatment of the animals with carnosine after ischemic episode under long-term (7-14 days) reperfusion demonstrated its pronounced protective effect on neurological symptoms and animal mortality.