Safety and Reverence: How Roman Catholic Liturgy Can Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The current COVID-19 pandemic is a major challenge for many religious denominations. The Roman Catholic Church strongly depends on physical communal worship and sacraments. Disagreements grow concerning the best balance between safety and piety.

Computational animal welfare: towards cognitive architecture models of animal sentience, emotion and wellbeing.

To understand animal wellbeing, we need to consider subjective phenomena and sentience. This is challenging, since these properties are private and cannot be observed directly. Certain motivations, emotions and related internal states can be inferred in animals through experiments that involve choice, learning, generalization and decision-making.

Patterns of early embryonic light exposure determine behavioural asymmetries in zebrafish: a habenular hypothesis.

Releasers of innate responses are more effective in many vertebrates when seen by the left eye. In zebrafish Brachydanio rerio, this asymmetry is linked with neuroanatomical asymmetry of the habenular complex (enlarged left lateral and right medial habenular nuclei): if habenular asymmetry is reversed, reader response to releasers shifts to the right eye. Light exposure (schedule: 14/10h,L/D) during the first few days of development post fertilisation (pf) controls the patterning of this asymmetry.