Electrochemical Biosensors for Express Analysis of the Integral Toxicity of Polymer Materials.

Biosensors based on an oxygen electrode, a mediator electrode, and a mediator microbial biofuel cell (MFC) using the bacteria B-1280 were formed and tested to determine the integral toxicity. bacteria exhibited high sensitivity to the toxic effects of phenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, salicylic and trichloroacetic acid, and a number of heavy metal ions. The system " bacteria-ferrocene-graphite-paste electrode" was superior in sensitivity to biosensors formed using an oxygen electrode and MFC, in particular regarding heavy metal ions (EC of Cr, Mn and Cd was 0.

Functionalization of MWCNTs for Bioelectrocatalysis by Bacterial Two-Domain Laccase from .

This study was carried out in order to assess several modifications of carbon nanotube-based nanomaterials for their applications in laccase electrodes and model biofuel cells. The modified MWCNTs served as adapters for the immobilization of laccase from VKM Ac-875 on the surface of electrodes made of graphite rods and graphite paste. The electrochemical properties of the electrodes were tested in linear and cyclic voltammetrical measurements for the determination of the redox potential of the enzyme and achievable current densities.

Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes Surface by Aryl Groups: A Review.

The review is devoted to the methods of introducing aryl functional groups to the CNT surface. Arylated nanotubes are characterized by extended solubility, and are widely used in photoelectronics, semiconductor technology, and bioelectrocatalysis. The main emphasis is on arylation methods according to the radical mechanism, such as the Gomberg-Bachmann and Billups reactions, and the decomposition of peroxides.

Polymer-Based Conductive Nanocomposites for the Development of Bioanodes Using Membrane-Bound Enzyme Systems of Bacteria in Biofuel Cells.

The development of biofuel cells (BFCs) currently has high potential since these devices can be used as alternative energy sources. This work studies promising materials for biomaterial immobilization in bioelectrochemical devices based on a comparative analysis of the energy characteristics (generated potential, internal resistance, power) of biofuel cells. Bioanodes are formed by the immobilization of membrane-bound enzyme systems of VKM V-1280 bacteria containing pyrroloquinolinquinone-dependent dehydrogenases into hydrogels of polymer-based composites with carbon nanotubes.

Biocompatible Silica-Polyethylene Glycol-Based Composites for Immobilization of Microbial Cells by Sol-Gel Synthesis.

Biocatalysts based on the methylotrophic yeast VKM Y-2559 immobilized in polymer-based nanocomposites for the treatment of methanol-containing wastewater were developed. The organosilica composites with different matrix-to-filler ratios derived from TEOS/MTES in the presence of PEG (SP-composite) and from silicon-polyethylene glycol (STP-composite) differ in the structure of the silicate phase and its distribution in the composite matrix. Methods of fluorescent and scanning microscopy first confirmed the formation of an organosilica shell around living yeast cells during sol-gel bio-STP-composite synthesis.

Isolation and Characterization of Homologically Expressed Methanol Dehydrogenase from AM1 for the Development of Bioelectrocatalytical Systems.

(Ca)-dependent pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ)-dependent methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) (EC: 1.1.2.

Hydrocarbons Biodegradation by : Assimilation of Hexadecane in Different Aggregate States.

The aim of our study was to reveal the peculiarities of the adaptation of rhodococci to hydrophobic hydrocarbon degradation at low temperatures when the substrate was in solid states. The ability of actinobacteria (strains X5 and S67) to degrade hexadecane at 10 °C (solid hydrophobic substrate) and 26 °C (liquid hydrophobic substrate) is described. Despite the solid state of the hydrophobic substrate at 10 °C, bacteria demonstrate a high level of its degradation (30-40%) within 18 days.

Expression of thermophilic two-domain laccase from in and its activity against triarylmethane and azo dyes.

Background: Two-domain laccases are copper-containing oxidases found in bacteria in the beginning of 2000ths. Two-domain laccases are known for their thermal stability, wide substrate specificity and, the most important of all, their resistance to so-called «strong inhibitors» of classical fungal laccases (azides, fluorides). Low redox potential was found to be specific for all the two-domain laccases, due to which these enzymes lost the researchers' interest as potentially applicable for various biotechnological purposes, such as bioremediation.

Three-Dimensional Organization of Self-Encapsulating Bacterial Cells.

Self-organized bacteria have been the subject of interest for a number of applications, including the construction of microbial fuel cells. In this paper, we describe the formation of a self-organized, three-dimensional network that is constructed using B-1280 cells in a hydrogel consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with -vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) as a cross-linker, in which the bacterial cells are organized in a particular side-by-side alignment. We demonstrated that nonmotile cells are able to reorganize themselves, transforming and utilizing PVA-VP polymeric networks through the molecular interactions of bacterial extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) components such as acetan, cellulose, dextran, and levan.

Polarization converter for higher-order laser beams using a single binary diffractive optical element as beam splitter.

We propose a new approach to generating a pair of initial beams for a polarization converter that operates by summing up two opposite-sign circularly polarized beams. The conjugated pairs of vortex beams matched with laser modes are generated using binary diffractive optical elements (DOEs). The same binary element simultaneously serves two functions: a beam shaper and a beam splitter.