Personalized Prescription of Chemotherapy Based on Assessment of mRNA Expression of BRCA1, RRM1, ERCC1, TOP1, TOP2α, TUBβ3, TYMS, and GSTP1 Genes in Tumors Compared to Standard Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Objectives: A growing body of evidence suggests the important role of chemosensitive gene expression in the prognosis of patients with lung cancer. However, studies on combined gene expression assessments for personalized prescriptions of chemotherapy regimens in patients have not yet been conducted. The aim of this work was to conduct a prospective study on the appointment of personalized chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Premalignant Changes in the Bronchial Epithelium Are Prognostic Factors of Distant Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Background: The study assessed the possibility of dividing patients into groups based on the assessment of morphological changes in the epithelium of small-caliber bronchi located near the primary tumor in order to predict high and low risks of distant metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: In 171 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (TNM) in small-caliber bronchi taken at a distance of 3-5 cm from the tumor, various variants of morphological changes in the bronchial epithelium (basal cell hyperplasia (BCH), squamous cell metaplasia (SM), and dysplasia (D)) were assessed. Long-term results of treatment, namely, distant metastasis, were assessed after 2 and 5 years.

Prognostic significance of ERCC1, RRM1, TOP1, TOP2A, TYMS, TUBB3, GSTP1 AND BRCA1 mRNA expressions in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving a platinum-based chemotherapy.

Purpose: Currently, more researchers are attracted by the possibility of assessing the sensitivity of a lung tumor to certain chemotherapy drugs and their personalized choice based on an assessment of this sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic significance of the level of 8 chemosensitivity genes' expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: The study included 59 patients with NSCLC IIB-IIIA stage.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with intraoperative radiotherapy is effective to prevent recurrence in high-risk non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Background: Basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) and squamous metaplasia (SM) in the small bronchi distant from the tumor is associated with a high risk of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) recurrence. Here, we assessed whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT), or adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is effective to prevent recurrence in NSCLC patients (n=171) with different premalignant lesions in the small bronchi.

Methods: BCH, SM, and dysplasia (D) were identified in the samples of lung tissue distant from the tumor.

Gene Expression Profiling Revealed 2 Types of Bronchial Basal Cell Hyperplasia and Squamous Metaplasia With Different Progression Potentials.

The premalignant process preceding squamous cell lung cancer is not inevitable; it can stop at any of the bronchial lesions: basal cell hyperplasia (BCH), squamous metaplasia (SM), and dysplasia and then progress or regress. At present, the mechanisms underlying the progression of the bronchial lesions remain undefined. Previously, we hypothesized that bronchial lesions that presented individually or combined with each other in the bronchi of lung cancer patients mirror the different "scenarios" of the premalignant process: individual BCH-the stoppage at the stage of hyperplasia, BCH plus SM-the progression of hyperplasia to metaplasia, and SM plus dysplasia-the progression of metaplasia to dysplasia.

Dynamic changes in circulating miRNA levels in response to antitumor therapy of lung cancer.

Purpose: Expression levels of cancer-associated microRNAs were reported to be altered in serum/plasma samples from lung cancer patients compared with healthy subjects. The purpose of this study was to estimate the value of five selected miRNAs plasma levels as markers of response to antitumor therapy in lung cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Expression levels of miR-19b, miR-126, miR-25, miR-205, and miR-125b have been evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR versus control miR-16 in blood plasma samples from 23 lung cancer (LC) patients.

Recurrence of squamous cell lung carcinoma is associated with the co-presence of reactive lesions in tumor-adjacent bronchial epithelium.

Recurrences occur in 30 % of lung cancer patients after radical therapy; however, known prognostic factors are not always effective. In this study, we investigated whether the frequency of squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) recurrence depends on the presence of reactive lesions in tumor-adjacent bronchial epithelium. Specimens of adjacent lung tissue from 104 patients with squamous NSCLC were used for the determination of basal cell hyperplasia (BCH) and squamous metaplasia (SM) and for the analysis of the expression of Ki-67, p53, Bcl-2, and CD138.

Expression of cyclophilin A in gastric adenocarcinoma patients and its inverse association with local relapses and distant metastasis.

The aim of this study was to identify new protein markers of the intestinal and diffuse type gastric adenocarcinoma and to determine their relation to local relapses and distant metastasis. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we searched for proteins that are overexpressed in the intestinal and/or diffuse type gastric adenocarcinoma, as compared to matched normal mucosa samples with further change confirmation by Western blot. Expression of the selected proteins was further assessed by immunohistocemistry in a large panel of gastric adenocarcinoma with various clinicopathological features.

Potentialities of aberrantly methylated circulating DNA for diagnostics and post-treatment follow-up of lung cancer patients.

To date, aberrant DNA methylation has been shown to be one of the most common and early causes of malignant cell transformation and tumors of different localizations, including lung cancer. Cancer cell-specific methylated DNA has been found in the blood of cancer patients, indicating that cell-free DNA circulating in the blood (cirDNA) is a convenient tumor-associated DNA marker that can be used as a minimally invasive diagnostic test. In the current study, we investigated the methylation status in blood samples of 32 healthy donors and 60 lung cancer patients before and after treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by total tumor resection.

RARβ2 gene methylation level in the circulating DNA from blood of patients with lung cancer.

Alterations in the patterns of DNA methylation are among the earliest and most common events in tumorigenesis. Epigenetic changes were shown to be detectable in DNA, circulating in blood (cirDNA) of cancer patients, indicating the resources to create the minimally invasive diagnostic tests based on tumor-specific DNA markers. RARβ2 methylation level was significantly increased in plasma cirDNA and cell surface-bound cirDNA (csb-cirDNA) from patients with non-small cell lung cancer compared with healthy individuals (7620 and 1083 copies/ml in the csb fractions, 3589 and 1068 copies/ml in the blood plasma; P=0.

Cell-surface-bound circulating DNA as a prognostic factor in lung cancer.

Since the mortality of lung cancer patients remains very high, development of prognostic methods essential for efficient therapy is an immediate task. This study was designed to assess the value of circulating DNA (cirDNA) in blood as a prognostic marker in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The average concentration of cirDNA in plasma was shown to be similar in healthy donors and lung cancer patients.