Myeloperoxidase modulates human platelet aggregation via actin cytoskeleton reorganization and store-operated calcium entry.

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a heme-containing enzyme released from activated leukocytes into the extracellular space during inflammation. Its main function is the production of hypohalous acids that are potent oxidants. MPO can also modulate cell signaling and inflammatory responses independently of its enzymatic activity.

Redox regulation of morphology, cell stiffness, and lectin-induced aggregation of human platelets.

Redox regulation and carbohydrate recognition are potent molecular mechanisms which can contribute to platelet aggregation in response to various stimuli. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between these mechanisms and to examine whether cell surface glycocalyx and cell stiffness of human platelets are sensitive to the redox potential formed by glutathione. To this end, human platelets were treated with different concentrations (0.

Atomic force microscopy probing of cell elasticity.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has recently provided the great progress in the study of micro- and nanostructures including living cells and cell organelles. Modern AFM techniques allow solving a number of problems of cell biomechanics due to simultaneous evaluation of the local mechanical properties and the topography of the living cells at a high spatial resolution and force sensitivity. Particularly, force spectroscopy is used for mapping mechanical properties of a single cell that provides information on cellular structures including cytoskeleton structure.

Atomic force microscopy observation of peroxynitrite-induced erythrocyte cytoskeleton reorganization.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study surface layers of fixed intact erythrocytes. Advantages of simultaneous analysis of surface topography and lateral force maps in the investigation of cytoskeleton structure were shown. Fractal analysis was applied to the lateral force maps of erythrocyte surfaces to evaluate the complexity of the cytoskeleton.