Diagnostic value of estrogen receptors in thyroid lesions.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) alpha and beta in various thyroid lesions and to assess the practicality of this test.

Material/methods: Immunohistochemical stains were performed for both ERalpha and ERbeta, for evaluation of immunoreactivity in 296 thyroid tissue samples that consisted of 150 goiters, 90 papillary carcinomas, 19 follicular adenomas, 15 Hurtle cell adenomas, 6 Hashimoto thyroiditis, 5 anaplastic carcinomas, 4 medullary carcinomas, 4 follicular carcinomas, 2 Hurtle cell carcinomas, and 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Three variables were evaluated in each sample: The intensity of the staining both nuclear (1) and cytoplasmic (2), and the spread of the stain over the sample (3).

Are estrogen receptors alpha detectable in normal and abnormal thyroid tissue?

The aims of this study is to evaluate the presence of estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) in thyroid lesions and to assess the practicality of this test in view of numerous disagreements on the subject. Immunohistochemical stains were performed for ERα, for the evaluation of immunoreactivity in 296 pathological thyroid tissue samples. We evaluated the intensity of the nuclear and cytoplasmatic staining and the spread of the stain over the sample.

The major histopathologic characteristics in the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome.

Objective: In order to better understand the etiology of the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome, we examined the histopathologic parameters in vestibular mucosa, and compared the findings in specimens obtained from women with vulvar vestibulitis with those obtained from the control group.

Study Design: Specimens of vestibulitis were obtained from 24 patients, undergoing circumferential vestibulectomy under general anesthesia due to the symptoms and signs consistent with vulvar vestibulitis. Control specimens were obtained from 16 women, without symptoms or signs of vulvar vestibulitis, undergoing reconstructive introital surgery due to roomy vagina, rectocele or painful episiotomy.

Heparanase, galectin-3, and tissue factor mRNA are expressed in benign neoplasms of the thyroid.

Objective: Heparanase, galectin-3, and tissue factor (TF) are overexpressed in solid malignant thyroid tumors. We studied their expression in multinodular goiters (MNGs).

Design And Methods: Thyroid tissue specimens from 15 MNGs were obtained during surgery.

Breast hamartoma: fine-needle aspiration cytologic finding.

Background: Breast hamartoma is an unusual, well-circumscribed, tumor-like mass entering into the differential diagnosis of benign breast disease. To the authors' knowledge, the cytology of these lesions has not been well described. Although fine-needle aspiration is a well established procedure for the detection of breast carcinoma, its utility in classifying benign breast disease is less clear.