Comparison of the different distribution functions in Gd-doped ceria system by molecular dynamics simulations.

Cerium dioxide-based materials are among the most studied for applications in the energy and environmental fields and are also of interest in biology and medicine. The fluorite structure of CeOis locally distorted by the concomitant presence of doping cations, such as Gdand oxygen vacancies. The cation-anion bond length distribution then becomes increasingly asymmetric with the doping ratio and temperature.

Cryogenic monolithic sapphire-rutile temperature compensated resonator oscillator.

We have tested a new temperature-compensated sapphire resonator as frequency determining element for high-stability microwave oscillator. Temperature compensation has been obtained by coating the sapphire resonator with a thin rutile film. A 2-microm rutile thickness is sufficient to reach turnover temperature higher than 40 K, and a 2 X 10(-12) short-term frequency stability has been obtained.