Clinician care priorities and practices in the fourth trimester: perspective from a California survey.

Background: Professional societies such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) promote the idea that postpartum care is an ongoing process where there is adequate opportunity to provide services and support. Nonetheless, in practice, the guidelines ask clinicians to perform more clinical responsibilities than they might be able to do with limited time and resources.

Methods: We conducted an online survey among practicing obstetric clinicians (obstetrician/gynecologists (OB/GYNs), midwives, and family medicine doctors) in California about their priorities and care practices for the first postpartum visit and explored how they prioritize multiple clinical responsibilities within existing time and resources.

Self-perception in Preschool Children With Deprivation Amblyopia and Its Association With Deficits in Vision and Fine Motor Skills.

Importance: Although the development of self-perception and self-esteem has been investigated in children with strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia, we know little about how self-perception is affected in deprivation amblyopia. Deprivation amblyopia from a dense, unilateral cataract is the least common and typically most severe form of amblyopia. After cataract extraction, optical correction, and patching treatment for amblyopia, visual acuity almost always remains abnormal, and except in rare cases, stereoacuity is nearly always nil.

A pilot randomized trial of contrast-rebalanced binocular treatment for deprivation amblyopia.

Background: Binocular neural architecture may be preserved in children with deprivation amblyopia due to unilateral cataract. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a contrast-rebalanced binocular treatment, recently used with success to treat the interocular suppression and amblyopia in strabismic and anisometropic children, can contribute to rehabilitation of visual acuity in children with deprivation amblyopia secondary to monocular cataract.

Methods: In a pilot randomized trial, 15 children (4-13 years of age) were enrolled and randomized to continue with their current treatment only (n = 7) or to continue with their current treatment and add contrast-rebalanced binocular iPad game play 5 hours/week for 4 weeks (n = 8).

Binocular reading in children following extraction of a dense congenital or infantile unilateral cataract.

Background: Reading relies on ocular motor function, requiring sequential eye movements (forward and regressive saccades). Binocularly discordant input from a dense congenital or infantile cataract is associated with ocular motor dysfunction and may affect the development of reading ability. The purpose of this study was to assess silent, binocular reading in children treated for unilateral congenital or infantile cataract.

Impaired fine motor skills in children following extraction of a dense congenital or infantile unilateral cataract.

Purpose: To evaluate fine motor ability in children treated for unilateral congenital or infantile cataract.

Methods: Twenty-three children 3-13 years of age who were treated for unilateral congenital or infantile cataract and 38 age-similar control children were enrolled. Children completed five fine motor skills tasks (unimanual dexterity, bimanual dexterity, drawing trail, aiming, catching) from the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2.

Intermittent exotropia surgery: results in different age groups.

Purpose: To report the outcomes in patients undergoing surgical correction of intermittent exotropia and to compare the age at surgery to motor and sensory success.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. The results of patients with intermittent exotropia treated with surgery over a 4-year period were reviewed.

Nonmydriatic Fundoscopic Imaging Using the Pan Optic iExaminer System in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to determine the percentage of clinically adequate (CA) fundoscopic images that could be obtained using the Pan Optic iExaminer system to perform nonmydriatic fundoscopic imaging in the pediatric emergency department (ED). Secondary objectives were to identify target age groups in which this technology is best utilized and evaluate the overall ease of use in this setting.

Methods: Children 18 years of age or less who presented to the pediatric ED with a non-eye-related chief complaint were enrolled and stratified by age group (0-2, 2-6, and 6-18 years).

Cataract Surgery in Children from Birth to Less than 13 Years of Age: Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort.

Objective: To describe baseline characteristics, initial postoperative refractive errors, operative complications, and magnitude of the intraocular lens (IOL) prediction error for refractive outcome in children undergoing lensectomy largely in North America.

Design: Prospective registry study of children from birth to <13 years of age who underwent lensectomy for any reason within 45 days preceding enrollment.

Participants: Total of 1266 eyes of 994 children; 49% female and 59% white.

Variability in Response to Bilateral Medial Rectus Recessions in Infantile Esotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate factors associated with surgical success in bilateral medial rectus recessions in infantile esotropia.

Methods: The results of 97 patients with infantile esotropia undergoing surgical correction from January 2010 through December 2013 at Children's Medical Center of Dallas were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for success and evaluation of the relationship of surgical responses to baseline characteristics were performed.