Highly efficient platinum group metal free based membrane-electrode assembly for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis.

Low-temperature electricity-driven water splitting is an established technology for hydrogen production. However, the two main types, namely proton exchange membrane (PEM) and liquid alkaline electrolysis, have limitations. For instance, PEM electrolysis requires a high amount of costly platinum-group-metal (PGM) catalysts, and liquid alkaline electrolysis is not well suited for intermittent operation.