Adolescent reproductive health in a post- Dobbs landscape: a review.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize notable recent research in adolescent reproductive health, particularly with respect to a rapidly changing legal landscape surrounding health services that significantly impact adolescent health.

Recent Findings: Approval of the first over-the-counter contraceptive pill represented a major advance in adolescent reproductive health, which relied on research regarding its safety, efficacy, and potential to increase access for vulnerable groups. Despite this approval, disparities persist in equitable contraceptive access for adolescents of color and those from sexual and gender identity minorities.

Comparing transcervical balloon with osmotic dilators for cervical preparation prior to procedural abortion: A noninferiority randomized trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare cervical preparation with transcervical balloon to osmotic dilators for second-trimester procedural abortions.

Study Design: We performed an unblinded, randomized, noninferiority trial of people undergoing second-trimester procedural abortion at 18 + 0 to 23 + 6 weeks' gestation. We randomized participants to either overnight osmotic dilators (Dilapan-S) or transcervical balloon (Foley).

Cervical preparation for second-trimester procedural abortion.

Purpose Of Review: To review the evidence-informed options for cervical preparation prior to second-trimester dilation and evacuation (D&E).

Recent Findings: As abortion restrictions increase and the number of abortion clinics and providers decreases, pregnant people are facing more barriers to abortion access. Those in need are now often required to travel for second-trimester abortion care, only to be faced with additional restrictions, such as mandatory waiting periods.

Pain management in outpatient surgical abortion.

Purpose Of Review: To review the current literature focusing on pain management and experiences during abortion care.

Recent Findings: Analgesic options in abortion care address pain associated with the procedure, osmotic dilator insertion, and cervical preparation. The paracervical block (PCB) is effective for pain control in first and second trimester abortions.

A single-blinded randomized controlled trial evaluating pain and opioid use after dilator placement for second-trimester abortion.

Objectives: To compare pain levels and medication needs after placement of laminaria vs Dilapan-S, and after dilation and evacuation (D&E).

Study Design: We conducted a single-blinded randomized control trial of patients undergoing D&E at 15 0/7 to 23 6/7 weeks gestation, randomizing to cervical preparation with laminaria or Dilapan-S. We compared pain levels and medication usage following dilator placement (5 minutes; 2, 4, and 8 hours; the following morning) and D&E (1, 4, 24, and 48 hours).

Mesenteric vascular thrombosis associated with disseminated abdominal visceral hemangiosarcoma in a cat.

An adult castrated male cat was evaluated because of a 4 day history of lethargy and partial anorexia. Physical examination revealed abdominal pain with a palpable fluid wave. Cytologic and biochemical analyses of peritoneal effusion were suggestive of septic peritonitis.

Outcome following splenectomy in cats.

No studies have yet examined whether there are prognostic factors for survival for cats undergoing splenectomies. The medical records of 19 cats that had complete splenectomy were reviewed for information on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors. The most common presenting signs were a palpable abdominal mass in 58% and anorexia in 47% of the cats.

Intracranial trauma in a dog due to being "swung" at birth.

A male Labrador Retriever neonate presented for evaluation 8 hours after birth because of the onset of generalized seizure activity. The neonate was one of 8 puppies delivered over a 19-hour period to a 4-year-old female Labrador Retriever at an assistance dog breeding colony. Uterine and fetal heart monitoring were performed during the first and second stages of labor; secondary uterine inertia was diagnosed 10 hours after the onset of stage-1 labor.