Effectiveness of physical stimulation for reducing injection pain in adults receiving intramuscular injections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The objective of this review was to synthesize the best available research evidence regarding the effectiveness of physical stimulation for reducing injection pain in adults receiving intramuscular injections.

Introduction: Pain associated with intramuscular injections continues to be a challenge for nurses. Various physical stimulation methods to alleviate pain and improve satisfaction for patients receiving intramuscular injections have been reported; however, the evidence surrounding the effectiveness of these methods remains inconclusive.

Effectiveness of physical stimulation on injection pain in adults receiving intramuscular injections: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical stimulation on injection pain in adults receiving intramuscular injections.

Introduction: Intramuscular injections are the most commonly used modality for administration of pharmacological treatments. Despite this, pain from intramuscular injections is the most commonly reported side effect.