Laser speckle contrast imaging with principal component and entropy analysis: a novel approach for depth-independent blood flow assessment.

Current study presents an advanced method for improving the visualization of subsurface blood vessels using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), enhanced through principal component analysis (PCA) filtering. By combining LSCI and laser speckle entropy imaging with PCA filtering, the method effectively separates static and dynamic components of the speckle signal, significantly improving the accuracy of blood flow assessments, even in the presence of static scattering layers located above and below the vessel. Experiments conducted on optical phantoms, with the vessel depths ranging from 0.

Optical parameters of healthy and tumor breast tissues in mice.

Knowledge of the optical parameters of tumors is important for choosing the correct laser treatment parameters. In this paper, optical properties and refraction indices of breast tissue in healthy mice and a 4T1 model mimicking human breast cancer have been measured. A significant decrease in both the scattering and refractive index of tumor tissue has been observed.

Biodegradable calcium carbonate carriers for the topical delivery of clobetasol propionate.

Inflammatory dermatoses represent a global problem with increasing prevalence and recurrence among the world population. Topical glucocorticoids (GCs) are the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs in dermatology due to a wide range of their therapeutic actions, which, however, have numerous local and systemic side effects. Hence, there is a growing need to create new delivery systems for GCs, ensuring the drug localization in the pathological site, thus increasing the effectiveness of therapy and lowering the risk of side effects.

Multimodal Method for Differentiating Various Clinical Forms of Basal Cell Carcinoma and Benign Neoplasms In Vivo.

Correct classification of skin lesions is a key step in skin cancer screening, which requires high accuracy and interpretability. This paper proposes a multimodal method for differentiating various clinical forms of basal cell carcinoma and benign neoplasms that includes machine learning. This study was conducted on 37 neoplasms, including benign neoplasms and five different clinical forms of basal cell carcinoma.

Rapid Ultrasound Optical Clearing of Human Light and Dark Skin.

Application of optical clearing of biological tissue in humans in vivo is challenging due to toxicity of chemical agents, long processing time (≥30 min), and moderate (1.3-1.5-fold) imaging depth improvement.

[The application of the modern technologies for the treatment of precancerous diseases of the larynx].

This article deals with the endolaryngeal methods for the surgical treatment of pre-cancerous diseases of the larynx with the use of up-to-date technologies and anesthetic support. The authors describe the original methods for endolaryngeal interventions based on the use of the CO-laser. In addition, the results of the analysis of the data obtained during the immediate and delayed postoperative periods are presented.

Dynamics of the remodeling of neural connections in the superior cervical ganglion in rats after dosed compression of the preganglionic trunk.

The aim of the present work was to obtain a quantitative evaluation of post-traumatic regeneration of nerve cells in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) by measuring the ratio of the number of neurons (N) in the ganglion to the number of preganglionic myelinated fibers (F) in the cervical sympathetic trunk (N/F). This was addressed using light and electron microscopy. Studies were performed using white male rats divided into three groups: intact (aged seven months), age controls (aged 19 months), and experimental - one year after compression of the sympathetic trunk at the base of the SCG performed at age seven months.

[The specific features of adrenal steroidogenesis in patients with congenital adrenal cortical dysfunction due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency].

Forty-two patients with classical forms of congenital adrenal cortical dysfunction (CACD) (22 patients with salt-loosing form and 20 patients with simple virile form) caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency and 29 female with an obscure form of the disease were examined. The patients with classical CACD received therapy with gluco- and mineralocorticoids. Radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay were employed to estimate the levels of 17-OH-progesterone and the activities of plasma renin and serum corticotropin, aldosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and androstenedione.