Hemispheric asymmetry measured by texture analysis and diffusion tensor imaging in two multiple sclerosis subtypes.

Background: This paper addresses two subtypes of multiple sclerosis (MS), primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The separation of PPMS and RRMS is challenging in certain cases.

Purpose: To quantitatively determine MS subtypes using texture analysis (TA) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Return to work following mild traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To examine factors relating to return to work (RTW) following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Participants: One hundred and nine patients (Age: M = 37.4 years, SD = 13.

Development of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) diagnostics and impact on prognosis.

Objective: To evaluate imaging methods and prognoses between small renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and larger tumours according to the era of diagnostics.

Patients And Methods: In all, 784 consecutive patients diagnosed with RCC between 1964 and 1997 at the Pirkanmaa Hospital District in Finland were included. Patients were divided into two groups: tumours of ≤3.

Clinical MRI for iron detection in Parkinson's disease.

We studied nonheme iron in Parkinson's disease (PD) using clinically available MRI in 36 patients and 21 healthy volunteers. The subjects underwent thorough clinical investigation, including 3-T MRI. Quantitative R2* was able to reflect symptoms of PD.

Repeatability and variation of region-of-interest methods using quantitative diffusion tensor MR imaging of the brain.

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is increasingly used in various diseases as a clinical tool for assessing the integrity of the brain's white matter. Reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and an increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) are nonspecific findings in most pathological processes affecting the brain's parenchyma. At present, there is no gold standard for validating diffusion measures, which are dependent on the scanning protocols, methods of the softwares and observers.

Outcome from Complicated versus Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective. To compare acute outcome following complicated versus uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) using neurocognitive and self-report measures. Method.

Reliability, validity and clinical usefulness of the BNI fatigue scale in mild traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability, validity and clinical usefulness of the Barrow Neurological Institute Fatigue Scale (BNI-FS) in patients with mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBI).

Methods And Procedure: Participants were 125 patients enrolled from the Emergency Department (ED) of Tampere University Hospital, Finland who had sustained an MTBI. The average number of days from injury to the interview and questionnaires was 24.

Comparison of 64-row and 16-row multidetector CT in the perfusion CT evaluation of acute ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy.

Introduction: Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) is increasingly performed in multimodal CT evaluation of acute ischemic stroke. We compared the technical quality of perfusion studies performed with a 16-row and a 64-row scanner and analyzed the differences between the scanners in their ability to detect perfusion defects.

Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the clinical and imaging data of 140 consecutive acute (<3 h) stroke patients who underwent multimodal CT evaluation and received intravenous rtPA.

To exclude or not to exclude: white matter hyperintensities in diffusion tensor imaging research.

Objective: A practical methodological issue for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) researchers is determining what to do about incidental findings, such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHI). The purpose of this study was to compare healthy control subjects with or without WMHIs on whole brain DTI.

Method: Participants were 30 subjects (age = 37.

MRI texture analysis of femoral neck: Detection of exercise load-associated differences in trabecular bone.

Purpose: To assess the ability of co-occurrence matrix-based texture parameters to detect exercise load-associated differences in MRI texture at the femoral neck cross-section.

Materials And Methods: A total of 91 top-level female athletes representing five differently loading sports and 20 referents participated in this cross-sectional study. Axial T1-weighted FLASH and T2*-weighted MEDIC sequence images of the proximal femur were obtained with a 1.

PET imaging in a longitudinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma study: association with tumor volume.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is generally used in the evaluation of the treatment response of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients. Instead of morphological images, positron emission tomography (PET) shows metabolic information that is connected to tumor activity, cell proliferation rate, and, thus, prognosis.

Purpose: To determine the prognostic value of PET for tumor volume reduction measured by CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with clinical characteristics in NHL patients.

The clot burden score, the Boston Acute Stroke Imaging Scale, the cerebral blood volume ASPECTS, and two novel imaging parameters in the prediction of clinical outcome of ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy.

Introduction: Recently two classification methods based on the location and the extent of thrombosis detected with CT angiography have been introduced: the Boston Acute Stroke Imaging Scale (BASIS) and the clot burden score (CBS). We studied the performance of BASIS and CBS in predicting good clinical outcome (mRS ≤ 2 at 90 days) in an acute (< 3 h) stroke cohort treated with intravenous thrombolytic therapy.

Methods: Eighty-three consecutive patients who underwent multimodal CT were analyzed.

Parkinson's disease: interhemispheric textural differences in MR images.

Rationale And Objectives: Early-stage diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is essential in making decisions related to treatment and prognosis. However, there is no specific diagnostic test for the diagnosis of PD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of texture analysis (TA) of magnetic resonance images in detecting subtle changes between the hemispheres in various brain structures in patients with early symptoms of parkinsonism.

Diffusion-weighted MRI in early chemotherapy response evaluation of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma--a pilot study: comparison with 2-deoxy-2-fluoro- D-glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

To determine the feasibility of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) in the evaluation of the early chemotherapeutic response in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), eight patients with histologically proven diffuse large B-cell lymphoma were imaged by MRI, including DWI, and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) before treatment (E1), and after 1 week (E2) and two cycles (E3) of chemotherapy. In all patients, whole-body screening using T(1) - and T(2) -weighted images in the coronal plane was performed. To quantitatively evaluate the chemotherapeutic response, axial images including DWI were acquired.

CT Perfusion ASPECTS in the Evaluation of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Thrombolytic Therapy Perspective.

Background And Purpose: Advances in the management of acute ischemic stroke and medical imaging are creating pressure to replace the rigid one-third middle cerebral artery (MCA) and non-contrast-enhanced CT (NCCT) Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) thresholds used for the selection of patients eligible for intravenous thrombolytic therapy. The identification of potentially salvageable ischemic brain tissue lies at the core of this issue. In this study, the role of CT perfusion ASPECTS in the detection of reversible ischemia was analyzed.

Diffusion tensor imaging of chronic right cerebral hemisphere infarctions.

Objective: We describe the essential diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings of right cerebral hemisphere infarctions and study whether the DTI parameters and neurological status differ in patients with visible wallerian degeneration (WD) or small hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in the chronic stage.

Methods: Twenty-five stroke patients underwent DTI. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were measured in the infarction area, its corresponding contralateral area and both hemispheres in the centrum semiovale, cerebral peduncle, thalamus, internal capsule, and in corpus callosum genu, truncus, and splenium.

Effect of slice thickness on brain magnetic resonance image texture analysis.

Background: The accuracy of texture analysis in clinical evaluation of magnetic resonance images depends considerably on imaging arrangements and various image quality parameters. In this paper, we study the effect of slice thickness on brain tissue texture analysis using a statistical approach and classification of T1-weighted images of clinically confirmed multiple sclerosis patients.

Methods: We averaged the intensities of three consecutive 1-mm slices to simulate 3-mm slices.

Diffusion tensor imaging correlates with lesion volume in cerebral hemisphere infarctions.

Background: Both a large lesion volume and abnormalities in diffusion tensor imaging are independently associated with a poor prognosis after cerebral infarctions. Therefore, we assume that they are associated. This study assessed the associations between lesion volumes and diffusion tensor imaging in patients with a right-sided cerebral infarction.

Brain iron deposition and sequence characteristics in Parkinsonism: comparison of SWI, T₂* maps, T₂-weighted-, and FLAIR-SPACE.

Objectives: To compare quantitatively T2- and T2*-based magnetic resonance imaging sequences in patients with symptoms of Parkinson disease and to evaluate the information content of those sequences regarding brain iron concentration.

Materials And Methods: We imaged 51 patients with symptoms of Parkinson disease on 3-T magnetic resonance imaging with T2-weighted sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolution (SPACE), fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR)-SPACE, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), and parametric T2* sequence (MapIt). Signal analysis was performed in 22 regions of interest in the brain.

Diffusion tensor imaging of the brain in a healthy adult population: Normative values and measurement reproducibility at 3 T and 1.5 T.

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an increasingly used method for investigation of brain white matter integrity in both research and clinical applications. Familiarity with normal variation of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and measurement reproducibility is essential when DTI measurements are interpreted in clinical patients.

Purpose: To establish normal values for FA and ADC in a healthy adult population at 1.

Mild traumatic brain injury: tissue texture analysis correlated to neuropsychological and DTI findings.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether texture analysis (TA) can detect subtle changes in cerebral tissue caused by mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) and to determine whether these changes correlate with neuropsychological and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two patients with MTBIs were imaged using 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging within 3 weeks after head injury.

Texture analysis of MR images of patients with mild traumatic brain injury.

Background: Our objective was to study the effect of trauma on texture features in cerebral tissue in mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Our hypothesis was that a mild trauma may cause microstructural changes, which are not necessarily perceptible by visual inspection but could be detected with texture analysis (TA).

Methods: We imaged 42 MTBI patients by using 1.

MRI texture analysis in multiple sclerosis: toward a clinical analysis protocol.

Rationale And Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based texture analysis has been shown to be effective in classifying multiple sclerosis lesions. Regarding the clinical use of texture analysis in multiple sclerosis, our intention was to show which parts of the analysis are sensitive to slight changes in textural data acquisition and which steps tolerate interference.

Materials And Methods: The MRI datasets of 38 multiple sclerosis patients were used in this study.

Persistent symptoms in mild to moderate traumatic brain injury associated with executive dysfunction.

In order to improve detection of subtle cognitive dysfunction and to shed light on the etiology of persistent symptoms after mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI), we employed an experimental executive reaction time (RT) test, standardized neuropsychological tests, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The Executive RT-Test, an Executive Composite Score from standardized neuropsychological tests, and DTI-indices in the midbrain differentiated between patients with persistent symptoms from those fully recovered after mild-to-moderate TBI. We suggest that persistent symptoms in mild-to-moderate TBI may reflect disrupted fronto-striatal network involved in executive functioning, and the Executive RT-Test provides an objective and novel method to detect it.

Characterization of breast cancer types by texture analysis of magnetic resonance images.

Rationale And Objectives: This novel study aims to investigate texture parameters in distinguishing healthy breast tissue and breast cancer in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A specific aim was to identify possible differences in the texture characteristics of histological types (lobular and ductal) of invasive breast cancer and to determine the value of these differences for computer-assisted lesion classification.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients (mean age 50.