Does Time Spent on Active Surveillance Adversely Affect the Pathological and Oncologic Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Delayed Radical Prostatectomy?

Purpose: Pathological and oncologic outcomes of delayed radical prostatectomy following prostate cancer active surveillance are not well established. We determined the pathological and oncologic outcomes of favorable risk, Grade Group 1, prostate cancer managed with active surveillance and progressing to radical prostatectomy for clinically significant prostate cancer (Grade Group 2 or greater).

Materials And Methods: Between 1992 and 2015, 170 men with favorable risk prostate cancer underwent delayed radical prostatectomy for clinically significant prostate cancer (ASRP) at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre.

Role of steroid hormone receptors in formation and progression of bladder carcinoma: a case-control study.

Purpose: To compare the expression rate of sex steroid hormone receptors of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and androgen (AR) in normal urothelium and urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) and to evaluate the possible associations of these receptors expression with cancer progression and patient's survival.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated the clinical data and tumor specimens of 120 patients with pathologically confirmed primary UBC with 132 normal healthy controls. Both patients and controls selected from list of subjects who have been referred to Sina Urology clinic, and had a minimum of one year follow-up duration.

Serum uric acid as a risk predictor for erectile dysfunction.

Introduction: Serum uric acid (UA) is now beginning to be considered a risk predictor for cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the effect of hyperuricemia on the risk of developing other systemic vascular disorders, especially erectile dysfunction (ED).

Aim: To evaluate whether serum UA is a predicting factor for ED while adjusting for other common risk factors.

Effect of PTEN Gene Mutations and Environmental Risk Factors on the Progression and Prognosis of Bladder Cancer.

Background: Bladder cancer is the most frequent genitourinary malignancy in Iran. Environmental and genetic factors are the two factors linked with bladder cancer expansion. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PTEN gene and environmental risk factors on the progression and prognosis of bladder cancer.

Serum calcium concentration and prostate cancer risk: a multicenter study.

This study sought to further evaluate the possible effects of serum calcium level on prostate cancer (PC) risk, with considering the age, body mass index (BMI), and sex steroid hormones. Using data from a prospective multicenter study, serum calcium concentration, as well as thorough demographic and medical characteristics, were determined in 194 cases with newly diagnosed, clinicopathologically confirmed PC and 317 controls, without any malignant disease, admitted to the same network of hospitals. Serum total and ionized calcium levels were categorized into tertiles.

Image-guided biopsy of small renal masses in the era of ablative therapies.

Objective: To further evaluate the accuracy, safety, and impact of image-guided renal biopsies on clinical decision making and management of the indeterminate small renal masses.

Methods: A total of 145 patients (males 99, females 46) with small renal masses suspicious for malignancy were evaluated during the study period. The patients' mean age was 67.

Major dietary factors and prostate cancer risk: a prospective multicenter case-control study.

The association between diet and prostate cancer (PC) risk, although suggestive, still remains largely elusive particularly in the Asian population. This study sought to further evaluate the possible effects of different dietary factors on risk of PC in Iran. Using data from a prospective hospital-based multicenter case-control study, dietary intakes of red meat, fat, garlic, and tomato/tomato products, as well as thorough demographic and medical characteristics, were determined in 194 cases with the newly diagnosed, clinicopathologically confirmed PC and 317 controls, without any malignant disease, admitted to the same network of hospitals.

High prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection among injection drug users in Iran: the need to increase vaccination of adults at risk.

We measured the prevalence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) among male injection drug users (IDUs) in Detention, Tehran, Iran. A cross-sectional survey included 499 male IDUs arrested by police during a predetermined police sweep in Tehran (February, 2006). A questionnaire was filled out for each individual.

Circulating sex hormones play no role in the association between sexual activity and the risk of prostate cancer.

Introduction: High sexual activity (SA) has been reported to reduce the risk of prostate cancer (PC). The role of sex hormones (SHs) in this regard remains controversial.

Aims: To determine the impact of SA and SHs on PC development.

Complications and outcomes following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a prospective study of 3,241 patients.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) has become the least invasive treatment modality with high success rates for urinary calculi; however, its established efficacy has been associated with a number of side effects and complications. This study sought to further evaluate the incidence rate and management of the post-SWL complications and also the efficiency of procedure in a large scale of patients. During a 51-month period, 3,241 consecutive adult patients with the mean age of 38.

Erectile dysfunction severity as a risk predictor for coronary artery disease.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is now beginning to be considered as an early manifestation of a subclinical systemic vascular disorder and may be an index of subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD).

Aim: To further evaluate whether ED is a predicting factor for CAD while adjusting for other common risk factors.

Methods: One hundred eighty-three patients with newly diagnosed and documented CAD and 134 participants without CAD were enrolled in this case-control study at our referral center.

Anabolic-androgenic steroid effects on early morbid symptoms after open prostatectomy: a pilot study.

Objectives: Anabolic-androgenic steroids such as Nandrolone phenpropionate (NP) dramatically improve the tolerance to acute stress conditions, strength, and subsequently the quality of life in elderly men. We hypothesize that preoperative pulse-dose supraphysiological NP administration might improve the early morbid symptoms in older patients undergoing open prostatectomy.

Methods: From 2005 to 2006, 54 patients with a mean age of 70 years, diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia and hospitalized for open prostatectomy were enrolled in the study.

Serum selenium level and prostate cancer: a case-control study.

Selenium is a potential chemopreventive agent against prostate cancer. This study sought to evaluate and compare the serum selenium level in men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and noncancerous patients. Between 2005 and 2006, this prospective case-control study was performed on patients referred to Sina and Imam University hospitals, Tehran, Iran; it included 62 men with clinicopathologically confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancer (case group) and 68 men with no detectable prostate cancer [normal digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level] or any other malignant disease (control group).

The risk factors of prostate cancer: a multicentric case-control study in Iran.

Prostate cancer (PC), in Iran, is the third most frequently diagnosed visceral cancer among men and the seventh most common underlying cause of cancer mortality. We evaluated the relation between speculated factors and PC risk using data from a multicentric case-control study conducted in Iran from 2005 to 2007 on 130 cases of incident, clinicopathologically confirmed PC, and 75 controls admitted to the same network of hospitals without any malignant disease. Odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models.

Buccal mucosal graft in repeat urethroplasty.

Introduction: Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of a tubed buccal mucosal graft in repeat urethroplasty for patients with urethral stricture and failed previous operations.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients (aged 12 to 47 years) with urethral stricture were entered into the study. All had a history of failed previous urethroplasties, and 5 had failed internal urethrotomies, too.

Posttransplant infectious complications: a prospective study on 142 kidney allograft recipients.

Introduction: We evaluated the posttransplant complications resulting from infections and their association with graft function, immunosuppressive drugs, and mortality.

Materials And Methods: A total of 142 kidney allograft recipients were followed for 1 year after transplantation. The patients' status was assessed during regular visits, and data including clinical characteristics, infections, serum creatinine level, acute rejection episodes, immunosuppressive regimen, graft function, and mortality were recorded and analyzed.

Outcome of buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty for long and repeated stricture repair.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of one-stage buccal mucosal tubed graft in long and repeated urethroplasty.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with long and repeated strictures of the urethra underwent buccal mucosal urethroplasty from 2000 to 2003. For all patients, one-stage buccal mucosal tubed graft urethroplasty was performed by releasing and extracting the fibrous tissue around the stricture, harvesting buccal mucosa from the inner cheek, tubing the graft, and interposing it in the defect.