Constitutive expression of a pea apyrase, psNTP9, increases seed yield in field-grown soybean.

To address the demand for food by a rapidly growing human population, agricultural scientists have carried out both plant breeding and genetic engineering research. Previously, we reported that the constitutive expression of a pea apyrase (Nucleoside triphosphate, diphosphohydrolase) gene, psNTP9, under the control of the CaMV35S promoter, resulted in soybean plants with an expanded root system architecture, enhanced drought resistance and increased seed yield when they are grown in greenhouses under controlled conditions. Here, we report that psNTP9-expressing soybean lines also show significantly enhanced seed yields when grown in multiple different field conditions at multiple field sites, including when the gene is introgressed into elite germplasm.

Overcoming Poor Transgene Expression in the Wild-Type Chloroplast: Creation of Highly Mosquitocidal Strains of .

High-level expression of transgenes in the chloroplast of wild-type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) remains challenging for many genes (e.g.

Expression of a Synthetic Gene for the Major Cytotoxin (Cyt1Aa) of subsp. in the Chloroplast of Wild-Type .

() strains that are toxic to mosquito larvae because they express chloroplast transgenes that are based on the mosquitocidal proteins of subsp. (Bti) could be very useful in mosquito control. has several advantages for this approach, including genetic controls not generally available with industrial algae.

Toward mosquito control with a green alga: Expression of Cry toxins of subsp. (Bti) in the chloroplast of .

We are developing strains that can be used for safe and sustainable control of mosquitoes, because they produce proteins from subsp. (Bti) in the chloroplast. has a number of advantages for this approach, including genetic controls that are not generally available with industrial algae.

Hungry bone syndrome after parathyroidectomy of a minimally invasive parathyroid carcinoma.

The prognosis of parathyroid carcinoma varies significantly between numerous studies. Therefore, many attempts have been made to grade the degree of parathyroid carcinoma, and recently, classifying parathyroid carcinomas into either minimally invasive or widely invasive carcinoma- similar to follicular carcinoma of the thyroid- has led to a more reliable prediction of the prognosis. Hungry bone syndrome can occur if parathyroidectomy is performed due to primary hyperparathyroidism regardless of the cause of the disease.

Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with multiple recurrences of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: Numerous studies in the past have mentioned various factors that influence the recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma, including age, tumor size, advanced stage, extrathyroidal extension, and distant metastasis, and attempts have been made to classify the disease into low-risk and high-risk group based on these clinicopathological factors. However, there has been relatively scarce study on patients with multiple recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma. This study analyzed the risk factors associated with such cases.