Tailored fabrication of a self-rolled-up AlGaN/GaN tubular structure with photoelectrochemical etching.

Group III-nitride semiconductors with tubular structures offer significant potential across various applications, including optics, electronics, and chemical sensors. However, achieving tailored fabrication of these structures remains a challenge. In this study, we present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method to fabricate micro-sized tubular structures by rolling the layered membrane of group III-nitride alloys utilizing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) etching.

Electrically Driven Sub-Micrometer Light-Emitting Diode Arrays Using Maskless and Etching-Free Pixelation.

For decades, group-III-nitride-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been regarded as a light emitting source for future displays by virtue of their novel properties such as high efficiency, brightness, and stability. Nevertheless, realization of high pixel density displays is still challenging due to limitations of pixelation methods. Here, a maskless and etching-free micro-LED (µLED) pixelation method is developed via tailored He focused ion beam (FIB) irradiation technique, and electrically driven sub-micrometer-scale µLED pixel arrays are demonstrated.

Dielectric-Engineered High-Speed, Low-Power, Highly Reliable Charge Trap Flash-Based Synaptic Device for Neuromorphic Computing beyond Inference.

The coming of the big-data era brought a need for power-efficient computing that cannot be realized in the Von Neumann architecture. Neuromorphic computing which is motivated by the human brain can greatly reduce power consumption through matrix multiplication, and a device that mimics a human synapse plays an important role. However, many synaptic devices suffer from limited linearity and symmetry without using incremental step pulse programming (ISPP).

Spatially isolated neutral excitons clusters on trilayer MoS.

In spite of having a large exciton binding energy, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are limited as light-emitting materials because the spectral weight of neutral excitons decreases exponentially with increasing the excitation density. That is, neutral excitons easily transfer to trions, and exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA) occurs due to the strengthening of exciton kinetic energy in the layered structure. In here, we come up with an isolated neutral exciton system, maintaining its high spectral weight when the carrier density increased, which is achieved MoS clusters on a MoS trilayer directly synthesized by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD).

Effective Photoluminescence Imaging of Bubbles in hBN-Encapsulated WSe Monolayer.

Interfacial bubbles are unintentionally created during the transfer of atomically thin 2D layers, a required process in the fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures. By encapsulating a WSe monolayer in hBN, we study the differing photoluminescence (PL) properties of the structure resulting from bubble formation. Based on the differentiated absorption probabilities at the bubbles compared to the pristine areas, we demonstrate that the visibility of the bubbles in PL mapping is enhanced when the photoexcitation wavelength lies between the n = 1 and n = 2 resonances of the A-exciton.

Mechanical Stimulation of the HT7 Acupuncture Point to Reduce Ethanol Self-Administration in Rats.

Background: Alcoholism, which is a disabling addiction disorder, is a major public health problem worldwide. The present study was designed to determine whether the application of acupuncture at the Shenmen (HT7) point suppresses voluntary alcohol consumption in addicted rats and whether this suppressive effect is potentiated by the administration of naltrexone.

Methods: Rats were initially trained to self-administer a sucrose solution by operating a lever.

Safety recommendations for moxa use based on the concentration of noxious substances produced during commercial indirect moxibustion.

Background: Moxibustion therapy has been used historically for thousands of years and there are many clinical trials supporting its efficacy and effectiveness for various conditions. Moxa smoke has been a major reason for avoiding moxibustion due to its smell and potential risks to the human body.

Methods: 10 units of commercial indirect moxa (CIM) from six manufacturers (A-F) were burnt in a 2.

A Pilot Study on Single-dose Toxicity Testing of Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze single dose toxicity and the lethal dose of Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture in rats.

Methods: All experiments were conducted at the Korea Testing & Research Institute (KTR), an institution authorized to perform non-clinical studies, under the regulations of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP). Sprague-Dawley rats were chosen for the pilot study.

Single Intramuscular-dose Toxicity of Samgihwalryeok-Pharmacopuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the single-dose toxicity of Samgihwalryeok pharmacopuncture.

Methods: Forty six-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups of 10 rats each; each group was then sub-divided into two smaller groups, one of five males and the other of five females. Group 1 (G1, control) received 1.

Single Dose Toxicity of Chukyu (spine-healing) Pharmacopuncture Injection in the Muscle of Rats.

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the single dose toxicity of Chukyu (spine-healing) pharmacopuncture.

Methods: All experiments were conducted at the Biotoxtech, an institution authorized to perform non-clinical studies under the regulations of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations. Sprague-Dawley rats were chosen for the pilot study.

Effects of intermittent traction therapy in an experimental spinal column model.

Traction therapy, which is known to be a treatment method for scoliosis, one of many muscles disease, has been used since Hippocrates introduced it. However, the effects of traction therapy are still not clear. In addition, the meridian sinew theory, which is related to muscle treatment and is mentioned in the book on meridian sinews in the Miraculous Pivot of Huangdi's Internal Classic, has not been the subject of much study.

Study on a Single-Dose Toxicity Test of D-Amino Acid Oxidase (DAAO) Extracts Injected into the Tail Vein of Rats.

Objective: This study was performed to analyze the single-dose toxicity of D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) extracts.

Methods: All experiments were conducted at the Korea Testing & Research Institute (KTR), an institution authorized to perform non-clinical studies, under the regulations of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP). Sprague-Dawley rats were chosen for the pilot study.

Analytical Research to Determine the effects of the Components of ONGABO on the Viability of HepG2 Cancer Cells by Using the Sovereign, Minister, Assistant and Courier Principle ().

Objectives: This study used the basic principle of Oriental medicine, the sovereign, minister, assistant and courier principle () to investigate the effects of the component of ONGABO, which is composed of Ginseng Radix (Red Ginseng), Angelica Gigantis Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Cuscuta Semen and Curcumae tuber on the viability of HepG2 cells.

Methods: Single and mixed extracts of the component of ONGABO were prepared by lypohilizing powder of Red Ginseng (6-year root from Kanghwa), Angelica Gigantis Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Cuscuta Semen, Curcumae Tuber (from Omniherb Co., Ltd.

Anatomical discrimination of the differences between torn mesentery tissue and internal organ-surface primo-vessels.

The most difficult step in the morphological study of the internal organ-surface primo-vessel (Bong-Han duct) system is the correct identification of samples, due to similarities between torn mesentery and primo-vessel tissue. Without proper sample discernment, the subsequent parts of morphological studies cannot be trusted. Here, we present differences between torn mesentery and primo-vessel tissues as determined by minimal operation, using stereoscopic and microscopic observation.

Selaginella tamariscina induces apoptosis via a caspase-3-mediated mechanism in human promyelocytic leukemia cells.

Cell apoptosis is now known to play an important role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and anticarcinogenesis. Selaginella tamariscina (ST) is a traditional medicinal plant for treatment of advanced cancer in the Orient. In the present study, the anticancer effect of ST was investigated by analyzing its potential to induce apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells.