Dynamic Shear Texture Evolution during the Symmetric and Differential Speed Rolling of Al-Si-Mg Alloys Fabricated by Twin Roll Casting.

The effects of a reduction in area (RA) and the speed ratio between the top and bottom rolls on a shear strain and the crystallographic texture evolution of Al-Si-Mg (1.0%Si-0.6%Mg) aluminum alloys fabricated by twin roll casting (TRC) were comprehensively examined experimentally and through numerical predictions.

Smartphone application-based rehabilitation in patients with chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases: a randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Introduction: Rehabilitation is well known to improve clinical symptoms and decrease the risk of mortality in patients with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases. We will evaluate the efficacy of smartphone application-based rehabilitation programmes in patients with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases.

Methods And Analysis: This single-centre single-blind randomised controlled trial will recruit a total of 162 participants from Asan Medical Center (81 patients each for pulmonary and cardiac rehabilitation, respectively).

Decode-MOT: How Can We Hurdle Frames to Go Beyond Tracking-by-Detection?

The speed of tracking-by-detection (TBD) greatly depends on the number of running a detector because the detection is the most expensive operation in TBD. In many practical cases, multi-object tracking (MOT) can be, however, achieved based tracking-by-motion (TBM) only. This is a possible solution without much loss of MOT accuracy when the variations of object cardinality and motions are not much within consecutive frames.

Preventive Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Colorectal Cancer and Diabetes.

Patchouli alcohol (PA) is a tricyclic sesquiterpene and the dominant bioactive component in oil extracted from the aerial parts of (patchouli). It has been reported to possess diverse health-beneficial activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiobese, and anticancer activities. However, preclinical studies are required to explore the possibility of developing PA as a promising functional and promising drug for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.

Indole-3-Carbinol: Occurrence, Health-Beneficial Properties, and Cellular/Molecular Mechanisms.

Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a bioactive phytochemical abundant in cruciferous vegetables. One of its main in vivo metabolites is 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), formed by the condensation of two molecules of I3C. Both I3C and DIM alter multiple signaling pathways and related molecules controlling diverse cellular events, including oxidation, inflammation, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immunity.

Improvement of Robusta coffee aroma with l-leucine powder.

Background: l-Leucine powder (LP) was added to green Robusta coffee beans in order to reduce the difference in flavour between Robusta and Arabica coffee. l-Leucine was selected as an additive based on the Maillard reaction. The pre-treatment method conducted in this study was a short soaking (M1) or spraying procedure (M2), then LP was added at varying levels up to 3% (w/w, 30 g kg ).

Synthetic colourants in capsule dietary supplements on the Korean market.

This study developed a rapid and easy analytical method for the simultaneous determination of nine synthetic colourants (SCs) in capsule dietary supplements. Sample pretreatment involved thermal treatment to dissolve gelatin, using the enzymes protease and amylase to prevent the gelation of gelatin and fat-soluble substances removal using petroleum ether. The method was linear ( ≥0.

Effective Multi-Object Tracking via Global Object Models and Object Constraint Learning.

Effective multi-object tracking is still challenging due to the trade-off between tracking accuracy and speed. Because the recent multi-object tracking (MOT) methods leverage object appearance and motion models so as to associate detections between consecutive frames, the key for effective multi-object tracking is to reduce the computational complexity of learning both models. To this end, this work proposes global appearance and motion models to discriminate multiple objects instead of learning local object-specific models.

Pendimethalin induces apoptotic cell death through activating ER stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Pendimethalin is globally registered for control of a wide range of weeds in agriculture and home landscaping. Human exposure to pendimethalin can occur by the oral route through food and other sources. Endothelial function is vital to numerous biological processes, and endothelial dysfunction and poor vascular health is associated with increased atherosclerotic events; however, no study has yet investigated the potential effect of pendimethalin on endothelial function and vasculature formation.

Soluble Free, Soluble Conjugated, and Insoluble Bound Phenolics in Tomato Seeds and Their Radical Scavenging and Antiproliferative Activities.

The soluble free, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound phenolic compounds in tomato seeds were extracted and analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging activities along with the antiproliferative effects against the human colorectal cancer cell line (HCT-116) were also examined for the soluble free, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound phenolic fractions. 13, 7, and 10 compounds were tentatively identified in the soluble free, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound phenolic fractions, respectively, including indole-3-acetic acid derivatives, flavonoids, phenolic acid, and tyramine-derived hydroxycinnamic acid amines.

Cannabidiol exerts anti-proliferative activity via a cannabinoid receptor 2-dependent mechanism in human colorectal cancer cells.

Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. Cannabidiol (CBD), the second most abundant phytocannabinoid in Cannabis sativa, has potential use in cancer treatment on the basis of many studies showing its anti-cancer activity in diverse types of cancer, including colon cancer. However, its mechanism of action is not yet fully understood.

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes.

Obesity is one of the leading public health problems that can result in life-threatening metabolic and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Sorghum ( (L.) Moench) is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world and certain genotypes of sorghum have high polyphenol content.

Permethrin inhibits tube formation and viability of endothelial cells.

Background: Exposure to environmental chemicals has been linked with endothelial dysfunction, which is a leading cause of human diseases, including atherosclerosis. Permethrin is a frequently used synthetic pyrethroid insecticide for which longer exposure may cause toxicity in several types of tissues and the development of metabolic diseases, including atherosclerosis, obesity and diabetes. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential adverse effect of permethrin on the function and activity of human endothelial cells.

Freezing Tolerance Enhancement and Thermographic Observation of Whole Peach Trees Applied with Cellulose Nanocrystals under Realistic Spring Frost Conditions Using a Soil-Fruit-Daylit-System.

Due to recent abnormal weather caused by global warming, peach flowering has gradually accelerated, and spring frost damage caused by premature de-acclimation has increased. In this study, under a simulated spring frost environment using a Soil-Fruit-Daylit-System (SFDS) chamber, we investigated whether treatment with 2% cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) could enhance the freezing tolerance of the flower buds from 2-year-old whole peach trees. Visual changes in the ice propagation were observed using an infrared camera at the same time.

RNA-Seq Reveals Different Gene Expression in Liver-Specific Prohibitin 1 Knock-Out Mice.

Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) is an evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein that stabilizes mitochondrial chaperone. Our previous studies showed that liver-specific Phb1 deficiency induced liver injuries and aggravated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced innate immune responses. In this study, we performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis with liver tissues to investigate global gene expression among liver-specific Phb1, Phb1, and WT mice, focusing on the differentially expressed (DE) genes between Phb1 and WT.

Polyphenol Containing Sorghum Brans Exhibit an Anti-Cancer Effect in Apc Min/+ Mice Treated with Dextran Sodium Sulfate.

Colon cancer (CC) is considered a high-risk cancer in developed countries. Its etiology is correlated with a high consumption of red meat and low consumption of plant-based foods, including whole grains. Sorghum bran is rich in polyphenols.

Adverse effect of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on tube formation and viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Environmental contamination by microplastics (MPs) is an emerging concern in recent years due to associated adverse impacts of MPs on potential human health problems. Endothelial dysfunction is a condition in which the endothelial layer fails to form normally, and is associated with impaired vascular function. Despite the fact that MPs are known to enter the circulation system through intestinal epithelium, little has been known whether MPs impact the normal function of endothelial cells and the formation of vasculature.

DIM-C-pPhtBu induces lysosomal dysfunction and unfolded protein response - mediated cell death via excessive mitophagy.

Despite technological advances in cancer treatment, the survival rate of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) has not improved significantly. Many studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related signals are associated with mitochondrial damage and that these signals determine whether cells maintain homeostasis or activate cell death programs. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is regulated by ER membrane proteins such as double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase R(PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK), which directly activate transcription of chaperones or genes that function in redox homeostasis, protein secretion, or cell death programs.

Microstructure, Electrical and Thermal Conductivity of the As-Extruded Al-MM (Mischmetal) Based Alloys.

The effect of addition of Mischmetal (MM) on the microstructure, electrical and thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties of the as-extruded Al-MM based alloys were investigated. The studied AlMM alloys (where = 0.2, 0.

Dietary probiotic and metabolites improve intestinal homeostasis and prevent colorectal cancer.

The excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, uncontrolled cell proliferation, and dysbiosis in gut intestinal microbiota are involved in tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. Probiotics secrete various functional metabolites that maintain intestinal microflora balance and improve the host's gut health. This study defines the roles of dietary Lactobacillus (LC-CLA) metabolites, especially conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), in intestinal homeostasis.

A mechanistic review: potential chronic disease-preventive properties of sorghum.

Sorghum is one of the most widely cultivated crops, and is used in foods, domestic animal feedstuffs, alcohol production, and biofuels. Recently, many research groups have demonstrated that sorghum contains various components that are strongly associated with the prevention of major human chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, and inflammation. However, to use sorghum more widely as a food for the potential prevention and treatment of human chronic diseases, more studies will be required to elucidate the biological mechanisms.

Anticancer Activity of a Novel High Phenolic Sorghum Bran in Human Colon Cancer Cells.

Human colon cancer is the third leading cause of mortality in the United States and worldwide. Chemoprevention using diet is widely accepted as a promising approach for cancer management. Numerous population studies indicate a negative correlation between the incidence of colon cancer and consumption of whole grains with a high content of bioactive phenolic compounds.

Potential benefits of patchouli alcohol in prevention of human diseases: A mechanistic review.

Patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene, is a dominant bioactive component in oil extracted from the aerial parts of Pogostemon cablin (patchouli). Diverse beneficial activities have been reported, including anti-influenza virus, anti-depressant, anti-nociceptive, vasorelaxation, lung protection, brain protection, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-colitis, pre-biotic-like, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and protective activities against metabolic diseases. However, detailed mechanistic studies are required to explore the possibility of developing PA as a functional food material or promising drug for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.

Fat-lowering effects of isorhamnetin are via NHR-49-dependent pathway in .

Isorhamnetin (3--methylquercetin), a flavonol found in dill weed, sea buckthorn berries, kale and onions, has been suggested to have anti-obesity effects, but there is limited evidence of its mechanisms of action on lipid metabolism. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of isorhamnetin on lipid metabolism using as an animal model. Isorhamnetin reduced fat accumulation without affecting food intake or energy expenditure in .