The moderating effect of prefrontal response to sleep-related stimuli on the association between depression and sleep disturbance in insomnia disorder.

We investigated differences in brain activity in response to sleep-related pictures between chronic insomnia disorder (CID) patients and good sleepers (GS), and examined whether brain activity moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance in CID patients and GS. This study included 43 patients diagnosed with CID, based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3, and 42 GS. The participants kept a sleep diary, underwent nocturnal polysomnography to measure sleep parameters, and completed self-report questionnaires to assess sleep and psychiatric symptoms.

Neural activation underlying emotional interference of cognitive control in rotating shift workers: moderating effects of the prefrontal cortex response on the association between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms.

Study Objectives: This study investigated the altered neural function involved in emotional interference and its role in linking sleep disturbance and depressive/anxiety symptoms in rotating shift workers.

Methods: Sixty rotating shift workers and 61 controls performed the emotional Stroop task in three blocks (emotional-related, sleep-related, and neutral words) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assessments. Sleep disturbance and depressive/anxiety symptoms were assessed using self-report measures and sleep diaries.

Negative and positive sleep state misperception in patients with insomnia: factors associated with sleep perception.

Study Objectives: In the present study, factors associated with sleep perception were identified by comparing clinical characteristics and polysomnographic variables between insomnia patients with negative and positive sleep state misperception (NSSM and PSSM, respectively).

Methods: Self-reported and objective sleep measures were retrospectively collected, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory, and a questionnaire on "morning feeling" after nocturnal polysomnography in 150 patients with insomnia. Based on the misperception index (MI), participants were classified into NSSM (MI > 0, n = 115) and PSSM (MI < 0, n = 35) groups.

Negative life stress, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms: The moderating role of anterior insula activity in response to sleep-related stimuli.

Background: This study investigated the effects of anterior insula (AI) activation on the association between stress and sleep disturbance as a neurobiological basis of the trait-like degree of sleep reactivity to stress. Additionally, it examined the effects of AI activity on the association between sleep disturbance and depression.

Methods: The participants were 48 adults.

Life stress, sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms: The moderating role of prefrontal activation during emotion regulation.

Objectives: Evidence suggests that emotion regulation difficulty may play an important role in the association between life stress, sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms. We proposed two models depicting the possible moderating roles of prefrontal cortex activation during emotion regulation in the associations among these variables and tested them. We hypothesized that (1) the association between stress and sleep disturbance would differ across prefrontal cortex activation during emotion regulation (moderation model) and (2) the indirect effects of stress on depressive symptoms through sleep disturbance would depend on prefrontal cortex activation during emotion regulation (moderated mediation model).

The seasonal pattern of restless legs syndrome in a sample from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service national database.

Study Objectives: To assess the seasonality of restless legs syndrome (RLS) using data from the Korean national health insurance database.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a randomly selected sample representing 3% of the national health insurance claims database in South Korea. From this sample, we obtained the monthly numbers of patients with RLS and diagnoses from 2009 to 2016, along with prescriptions for monthly dopamine agonists and clonazepam for patients with RLS from 2009 to 2013.

Association of heart rate variability with REM sleep without atonia in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder.

Study Objectives: Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), characterized by rapid eye movement sleep without atonia (RSWA) and dream-enactment behavior, has been suggested to be a predictor of α-synucleinopathies. Autonomic instability, represented by heart rate variability, is a common characteristic of both iRBD and α-synucleinopathies. Previous studies reported that RSWA was associated with autonomic dysfunction and was a possible predictor of phenoconversion.

The Moderating Effect of Sleep Disturbance on the Association of Stress with Impulsivity and Depressed Mood.

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the associations of life event stress with impulsivity, anxiety, and depressed mood as a function of the presence of a sleep disturbance.

Methods: In total, 214 participants (age 38.96±10.

Effect of Closed-Loop Vibration Stimulation on Heart Rhythm during Naps.

Sleep plays a primary function for health and sustains physical and cognitive performance. Although various stimulation systems for enhancing sleep have been developed, they are difficult to use on a long-term basis. This paper proposes a novel stimulation system and confirms its feasibility for sleep.

Human Heart Rhythms Synchronize While Co-sleeping.

Human physiological systems have a major role in maintenance of internal stability. Previous studies have found that these systems are regulated by various types of interactions associated with physiological homeostasis. However, whether there is any interaction between these systems in different individuals is not well-understood.

The association between obstructive sleep apnea during REM sleep and autonomic dysfunction as measured by heart rate variability.

Purpose: To determine the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep on autonomic dysfunction using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis.

Methods: The medical records of adults who underwent nocturnal polysomnography at the Sleep and Chronobiology Center at Seoul National University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. HRV parameters (mean RR interval, the standard deviation of all normal RR intervals [SDNN], square root of the mean squared differences of adjacent RR intervals [RMSSD], normalized low frequency [LF], normalized high frequency [HF], and the ratio of LF to HF [LF/HF]) were measured in 5-min electrocardiogram recordings obtained during W, N2, and R sleep stages.

Decreased regional brain activity in response to sleep-related sounds after cognitive behavioral therapy for psychophysiological insomnia.

Aim: Patients with psychophysiological insomnia (PI) experience hyperarousal, especially as a reaction to sound stimuli. In the current study, we explored brain activity changes in response to sleep-related sounds (SS) in patients with insomnia after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I).

Methods: In 14 drug-free PI patients, regional brain activity in response to SS, and to white noise sound (NS) as neutral stimuli, was investigated before and after individual CBT-I using functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Trends in prescriptions for sedative-hypnotics among Korean adults: a nationwide prescription database study for 2011-2015.

Purpose: This study investigated prescriptions for sedative-hypnotics via data obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) service.

Methods: Data on sedative-hypnotic prescriptions from the HIRA service of the Republic of Korea were analyzed from 2011 to 2015. We included prescriptions for subjects > 18 years of age from hospitals and community healthcare centers.

Cancer-Stimulated CAFs Enhance Monocyte Differentiation and Protumoral TAM Activation via IL6 and GM-CSF Secretion.

M2-type TAMs are increasingly implicated as a crucial factor promoting metastasis. Numerous cell types dictate monocyte differentiation into M2 TAMs via a complex network of cytokine-based communication. Elucidating critical pathways in this network can provide new targets for inhibiting metastasis.

Preliminary Study on Quantitative Sleep EEG Characteristics in Patients with Schizophrenia.

We used quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) spectral analysis to compare activity in the bilateral frontal, central, and occipital areas in nine patients with schizophrenia and ten healthy control subjects during standard nocturnal polysomnography. Patients with schizophrenia had longer sleep latency than controls. In N2 sleep, the patients had significantly lower 0.