β1,3-galactosyltransferase on chromosome 6 is essential for the formation of Lewis structure on N-glycan in Oryza sativa.

β1,3-galactose is the component of outer-chain elongation of complex N-glycans that, together with α1,4-fucose, forms Lewis  structures in plants. Previous studies have revealed that N-glycan maturation is mediated by sequential attachment of β1,3-galactose and α1,4-fucose by individual β1,3-galactosyltransferase (GalT) and α1,4-fucosyltransferase (1,4-FucT), respectively. Although GalT from several species has been studied, little information about GalT from rice is available.

Consistent Response on Challenge and Rechallenge of Liposomal Irinotecan in a Patient with Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Previously Treated with Gemcitabine plus Nab-Paclitaxel: A Case Report.

Approximately 80% of pancreatic cancer is diagnosed at an advanced stage, due to lack of or vague symptoms when the cancer is still localized, leading to a high mortality rate. Known risk factors for developing pancreatic cancer are family history, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and alcohol and tobacco use. There has been a remarkable development in diagnosis modalities and molecular testing, but early detection is still infrequent.

Surgical outcomes are hampered after endoscopic ultrasonography-guided ethanol lavage and/or Taxol injection in cystic lesions of the pancreas.

Backgrounds/aims: Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided ethanol lavage and Taxol injection (EUS-ELTI) for pancreatic cystic lesions have been recently performed in some medical centers. The aim of this study was to optimize patient selection and analyze outcomes of patients who underwent surgeries after EUS-ELTI for pancreatic cystic lesions.

Methods: Among 310 patients who underwent EUS-ELTI between January 2007 and December 2014, 23 underwent surgeries after EUS-ELTI owing to incomplete treatment and/or adverse events.

Development and External Validation of Survival Prediction Model for Pancreatic Cancer Using Two Nationwide Databases: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) and Korea Tumor Registry System-Biliary Pancreas (KOTUS-BP).

Background/aims: Several prediction models for evaluating the prognosis of nonmetastatic resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been developed, and their performances were reported to be superior to that of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system. We developed a prediction model to evaluate the prognosis of resected PDAC and externally validated it with data from a nationwide Korean database.

Methods: Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database were utilized for model development, and data from the Korea Tumor Registry System-Biliary Pancreas (KOTUS-BP) database were used for external validation.

OsCBE1, a Substrate Receptor of Cullin4-Based E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Functions as a Regulator of Abiotic Stress Response and Productivity in Rice.

Ubiquitination is an important environmental stress response, and E3 ubiquitin ligases play a major role in the process. T-DNA insertion mutants of rice, , and were identified through the screening of cold stress tolerance at seedling stage. s mutants showed a significantly higher cold stress tolerance in the fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency than wild type.

Inactivation of the β (1, 2)-xylosyltransferase and the α (1, 3)-fucosyltransferase gene in rice (Oryza sativa) by multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 strategy.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated OsXylT and OsFucT mutation caused the elimination of plant-specific β1,2-xylose and α1,3-fucose residues on glycoproteins in rice, which is the first report of OsXylT/OsFucT double KO mutation in rice. N-glycosylation pathway is the one of post-translational mechanism and is known as highly conserved in eukaryotes. However, the process for complex-N-glycan modification is different between mammals and plants.

Systematic Analysis of Cold Stress Response and Diurnal Rhythm Using Transcriptome Data in Rice Reveals the Molecular Networks Related to Various Biological Processes.

Rice ( L.), a staple crop plant that is a major source of calories for approximately 50% of the human population, exhibits various physiological responses against temperature stress. These responses are known mechanisms of flexible adaptation through crosstalk with the intrinsic circadian clock.

The establishment of new protein expression system using N starvation inducible promoters in Chlorella.

Chlorella is a unicellular green microalga that has been used in fields such as bioenergy production and food supplementation. In this study, two promoters of N (nitrogen) deficiency-inducible Chlorella vulgaris N Deficiency Inducible (CvNDI) genes were isolated from Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 395. These promoters were used for the production of a recombinant protein, human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (hG-CSF) in Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 395 and Chlorella sp.

Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Compared With Computed Tomography for Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Primary Colorectal Malignancy: A Predictor of Short-Term Outcome After Surgery.

Background: Herein, we evaluate the accuracy and reliability of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to assess skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in the colorectal cancer patient compared with computed tomography (CT) scan and also analyze the association between SMM of BIA and postoperative outcomes.

Methods: From March to May 2017, the body composition of patients scheduled for elective surgery due to primary colorectal cancer in our institution was analyzed at the time of admission using BIA (InBody S20, Biospace Co Ltd, Seoul, South Korea). The relationship between the single cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle at the lumbar region using preoperative CT scan and the SMM determined via BIA were assessed.

Engineered mesenchymal stem-cell-sheets patches prevents postoperative pancreatic leakage in a rat model.

Post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) following pancreatic resection is a life-threatening surgical complication. Cell sheets were prepared and harvested using temperature-responsive culture dishes and transplanted as patches to seal POPF. Two different mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sheets were compared in terms of the preventative ability for pancreatic leakage in a rat model.

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Genes, Conserved between and Rice Cultivars, that Respond to Low-Temperature Stress at the Vegetative Growth Stage.

Cold stress is very detrimental to crop production. However, only a few genes in rice have been identified with known functions related to cold tolerance. To meet this agronomic challenge more effectively, researchers must take global approaches to select useful candidate genes and find the major regulatory factors.

A gibberellin-stimulated transcript, OsGASR1, controls seedling growth and α-amylase expression in rice.

From a T-DNA-tagging population in rice, we identified OsGASR1 (LOC_Os03g55290), a member of the GAST (gibberellin (GA)-Stimulated Transcript) family that is induced by salt stress and ABA treatment. This gene was highly expressed in the regions of cell proliferation and panicle development, as revealed by a GUS assay of the mutant line. In the osgasr1 mutants, the second leaf blades were much longer than those of the segregating wild type due to an increase in cell length.

Ectopic Expression of Enhances Salt Stress Tolerance in Rice.

Salt stress can severely reduce crop yields. To understand how rice () plants respond to this environmental challenge, we investigated the genes involved in conferring salt tolerance by screening T-DNA tagging lines and identified (alt olerance ctivation -ominant). In that line, expression of was enhanced by approximately eightfold when compared with the non-transformed wild type (WT).

Totally laparoscopic or robot-assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy versus open surgery for periampullary neoplasms: separate systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Objective: To compare perioperative and oncologic outcomes of pure (totally) laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (TLPD) or robot-assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy (RAPD) with those of conventional open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD).

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases. Studies comparing TLPD with OPD and RAPD with OPD were included; only original studies reporting more than 10 cases for each technique were included.

A single-center experience with the laparoscopic Warshaw technique in 122 consecutive patients.

Background: Preservation of the spleen in distal pancreatectomy has recently attracted considerable attention. Our current study aimed in the first instance to define the safety of lap-WT in relation to the capacity of this technique to achieve preservation of the spleen and secondly to investigate the effectiveness of a planned lap-WT procedure or early conversion to lap-WT in selected patients with a large tumor attached to the splenic vessels.

Methods: Among 1056 patients who underwent a laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy between January 2005 and December 2014 at our hospital, 122 (24.

Simple and efficient way to detect small polymorphic bands in plants.

There are many ways to detect polymorphism. In this study we use the microsatellite markers to detect the polymorphism for the salt tolerance. This method has been successfully conducted in Oryza sativa and Brassica juncea.

Molecular breeding in Brassica for salt tolerance: importance of microsatellite (SSR) markers for molecular breeding in Brassica.

Salinity is one of the important abiotic factors for any crop management in irrigated as well as rainfed areas, which leads to poor harvests. This yield reduction in salt affected soils can be overcome by improving salt tolerance in crops or by soil reclamation. Salty soils can be reclaimed by leaching the salt or by cultivation of salt tolerance crops.

Robotic liver resection: a single surgeon's experience.

Background: Liver resection has long been a complicated challenge in terms of minimally invasive surgery. However, robotic surgery has expanded the number of surgical procedures that can be performed using minimally invasive techniques. This study describes the authors’ experience of 17 robotic liver resections performed using the da Vinci Surgical System.

Insights into genomics of salt stress response in rice.

Plants, as sessile organisms experience various abiotic stresses, which pose serious threat to crop production. Plants adapt to environmental stress by modulating their growth and development along with the various physiological and biochemical changes. This phenotypic plasticity is driven by the activation of specific genes encoding signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, ion transporters and metabolic pathways.