Optimization of Fast Non-Local Means Noise Reduction Algorithm Parameter in Computed Tomographic Phantom Images Using 3D Printing Technology.

Noise in computed tomography (CT) is inevitably generated, which lowers the accuracy of disease diagnosis. The non-local means approach, a software technique for reducing noise, is widely used in medical imaging. In this study, we propose a noise reduction algorithm based on fast non-local means (FNLMs) and apply it to CT images of a phantom created using 3D printing technology.

Utility of block-matching and 3D filter for reproducibility of lung density and denoising in low-dose chest CT: A pilot study.

Purpose: This study aimed to acquire an image quality consistent with that of full-dose chest computed tomography (CT) when obtaining low-dose chest CT images and to analyze the effects of block-matching and 3D (BM3D) filters on lung density measurements and noise reduction in lung parenchyma.

Methods: Using full-dose chest CT images, we evaluated lung density measurements and noise reduction in lung parenchyma images for low-dose chest CT. Three filters (median, Wiener, and the proposed BM3D) were applied to low-dose chest CT images for comparison and analysis with images from full-dose chest CT.

Motion Artifact Reduction Using U-Net Model with Three-Dimensional Simulation-Based Datasets for Brain Magnetic Resonance Images.

This study aimed to remove motion artifacts from brain magnetic resonance (MR) images using a U-Net model. In addition, a simulation method was proposed to increase the size of the dataset required to train the U-Net model while avoiding the overfitting problem. The volume data were rotated and translated with random intensity and frequency, in three dimensions, and were iterated as the number of slices in the volume data.

Application of Fast Non-Local Means Algorithm for Noise Reduction Using Separable Color Channels in Light Microscopy Images.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the various control parameters of a modeled fast non-local means (FNLM) noise reduction algorithm which can separate color channels in light microscopy (LM) images. To achieve this objective, the tendency of image characteristics with changes in parameters, such as smoothing factors and kernel and search window sizes for the FNLM algorithm, was analyzed. To quantitatively assess image characteristics, the coefficient of variation (COV), blind/referenceless image spatial quality evaluator (BRISQUE), and natural image quality evaluator (NIQE) were employed.

Feasibility of Total Variation Noise Reduction Algorithm According to Various MR-Based PET Images in a Simultaneous PET/MR System: A Phantom Study.

Recently, the total variation (TV) algorithm has been used for noise reduction distribution in degraded nuclear medicine images. To acquire positron emission tomography (PET) to correct the attenuation region in the PET/magnetic resonance (MR) system, the MR Dixon pulse sequence, which is based on controlled aliasing in parallel imaging, results from higher acceleration (CAIPI; MR-AC) and generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA; MR-AC) algorithms are used. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the image performance of the TV noise reduction algorithm for PET/MR images using the Jaszczak phantom by injecting F radioisotopes with PET/MR, which is called mMR (Siemens, Germany), compared with conventional noise-reduction techniques such as Wiener and median filters.

A Bezel-Less Tetrahedral Image Sensor Formed by Solvent-Assisted Plasticization and Transformation of an Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Framework.

A method for transforming planar electronic devices into 3D structures under mechanically mild and stable conditions is demonstrated. This strategy involves diffusion control of acetone as a plasticizer into a spatially designed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) framework to both laminate membrane-type electronic devices and transform them into a desired 3D shape. Optical, mechanical, and electrical analysis reveals that the plasticized region serves as a damper and even reflows to release the stress of fragile elements, for example, an Au interconnect electrode in this study, below the ultimate stress point.