Influence of 17-Methyltestosterone on Morphological Deformities and Pigmentation Development in Juvenile Japanese Eels, .

17-methyltestosterone (MT) is a synthetic steroid used to induce masculinization when administered during the larval stage of fish. However, the side effects of MT on eel are still poorly understood and, in this study, we examined the various effects of MT on juvenile eel (100.63 ± 8.

Efficacy of a recombinant M-like protein, SimA as a subunit vaccine candidate against Streptococcus parauberis infection in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.

Streptococcus parauberis, a gram-positive cocci, causes bacterial disease in farmed fish. The recent increase in S. parauberis infection in aquatic farms in South Korea has justified the importance of vaccine development for the prevention of this disease.

Molecular characterization, expression, and functional analysis of cystatin B in the big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis).

Cystatins are a diverse group of cysteine protease inhibitors widely present among various organisms. Beyond their protease inhibitor function, cystatins play a crucial role in diverse pathophysiological conditions in animals, including neurodegenerative disorders, tumor progression, inflammatory diseases, and immune response. However, the role of cystatins in immunity against viral and bacterial infections in fish remains to be elucidated.

Functional characterization and gene expression profile of perforin-2 in starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus).

The membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF) superfamily consists of multifunctional proteins that form pores on the membrane surface of microorganisms to induce their death and have various immune-related functions. PFN2 is a perforin-like protein with an MACPF domain, and humans with deficient PFN2 levels have increased susceptibility to bacterial infection, which can lead to fatal consequences for some patients. Therefore, in this study, we confirmed the antimicrobial function of PFN2 in starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus).

Two short antimicrobial peptides derived from prosaposin-like proteins in the starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus).

Prosaposin (PSAP) is a precursor of saposin (SAP), which is present in lysosomal and secreted proteins. PSAP is a member of the SAP-like protein families, which comprise multifunctional proteins. In particular, their antimicrobial activity has been reported.

Genome data of shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease causative strains isolated from South Korea aquaculture farms.

The is a gram-negative bacterium, which is responsible for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp and has various virulent factors. So, to intensify the knowledge on pathogenic mechanism, the heterogeneous strains genome are indeed. Here, genome of seven strains, which are virulent to shrimps were sequenced by PacBio platform and the virulence was confirmed through the presence of plasmid (∼69 Kb) with binary toxin genes (i.

Current use and management of commercial fish vaccines in Korea.

The aquaculture industry in Korea has grown rapidly since the 1960s, and it is a major food source. However, the expansion of aquaculture systems has increased the chances of infectious disease outbreaks, and vaccination plays an important role in commercial fish farming. This is the first comprehensive review of commercial fish vaccines in Korea.

Whole-genome next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic characterization of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus in Korea.

Whole-genome next-generation sequencing was used to investigate the local evolution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, a serious pathogen affecting economically important fish such as rainbow trout and turbot in Europe and olive flounder in Asia. Sequence analysis showed that all isolates were genotype IVa, but could be classified further into four subgroups (K1-K4). In addition, genomic regions encompassing the nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein, matrix protein and non-virion protein genes, as well as the seven non-coding regions, were relatively conserved, whereas glycoprotein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase genes were variable in the coding region.

Molecular genetic characterisation and expression profiling of calpain 3 transcripts in red sea bream (Pagrus major).

Calpains (CAPNs) belong to the papain superfamily of cysteine proteases, and they are calcium-dependent cytoplasmic cysteine proteases that regulate a variety of physiological processes. We obtained the sequence of CAPN3 from an NGS-based analysis of Pagrus major (PmCAPN3) and confirmed the conserved molecular biological properties in the predicted amino acid sequence. The amino acid sequence and predicted domains of CAPN3 were found to be highly conserved in all of the examined species, and one catalytic domain and four calcium binding sites were identified.

Molecular characterization and gene expression data of liver expressed antimicrobial Peptide-2 (LEAP-2) isolated from rock bream ().

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are known to play a role as a first line of defence against microbial invasion. Liver Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides-2 (LEAP-2) is one of the AMPs. LEAP-2 includes four highly conserved cysteine residues and belongs to a cysteine-rich peptides group.

Data on CXC chemokine ligand 10(CXCL10) expression and activation in red sea bream during bacterial and viral infection.

CXCL10 plays an important role in angiogenesis and inhibits the differentiation of endothelial cells into capillaries. It also plays an important role in the generation and transmission of effector T cell responses and the recruitment of T cells to inflammatory sites. In this article, we constructed cDNAs to identify and analyse the CXCL10 domain, and performed multiple alignments and a phylogenetic analysis to determine homology with other animals.

The atypical chemokine receptor 4 in red sea bream (Pagrus major): Molecular characterization and gene expression analysis.

Atypical chemokine receptor 4 (ACKR4) is regulated by cytokines, binds chemokines and regulates the chemokine gradient. We verified the cDNA sequence by confirming ACKR4 from red sea bream (PmACKR4) by next generation sequencing (NGS) and analysed the molecular characteristics and gene expression profile. In the analysis using the predicted amino acid sequence of PmACKR4, a highly conserved G protein-coupled receptor 1 region and two cysteine residues were identified and included in the ACKR4 teleost cluster in the phylogenetic analysis.

Data on molecular characterization and expression profiles of the NF-κB repressing factor gene in red sea bream ().

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) repressing factor (NKRF) specifically inhibits the transcriptional activity of NF-κB protein. The PmNKRF cDNA is composed of 757 amino acid residues. Alignment analysis revealed that the G-patch and R3H domains are conserved in different organisms.

Characterization of gene expression profiles and functional analysis of peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus).

Peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 (PGRP2) is a Zn-dependent peptidase that plays important roles in binding to microbial components of the cell membrane, inducing phagocytosis and antimicrobial activity. Rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) PGRP2 (RbPGRP2) was identified in the intestine by next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis. The open reading frame (ORF) the RbPGRP2 cDNA (470 amino acid residues) contains a peptidoglycan recognition protein domain (residues 300 to 446).

Analysis of complete genome and pathogenicity studies of the spring viremia of carp virus isolated from common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): An indication of SVC disease threat in Korea.

A batch of wild common carp and largemouth bass died in Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do province, South Korea, in 2016. Moribund fish showed typical signs of spring viremia of carp (SVC) disease, which causes acute hemorrhage in the skin and ascites. Thus far, SVC disease has been detected in several regions of the world but never in South Korea.

Complete genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of spring viremia of carp virus isolated from leather carp (Cyprinus carpio nudus) in Korea in 2016.

Spring viremia of carp (SVC) is listed as a notifiable viral disease by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). In 2016, the first official SVC outbreak was detected in the city of Gyeongsan, Korea. The present study reports the first complete genome analysis of SVC virus (SVCV, ADC-SVC2016-5) isolated from leather carp (Cyprinus carpio nudus).

Temperature-dependent immune response of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) infected with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV).

Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is one of the most economically important aquaculture fish. However, its production is often affected by various diseases, especially viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) that cause serious economic losses. In this study, we sequenced the whole transcriptome of the P.

Transcriptome analysis of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) head kidney infected with moderate and high virulent strains of infectious viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV).

Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is one of the most valuable marine aquatic species in South Korea and faces tremendous exposure to the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). Given the growing importance of flounder, it is therefore essential to understand the host defense of P. olivaceus against VHSV infection, but studies on its immune mechanism are hindered by the lack of genomic resources.

Olive flounder CD276 (B7-H3) a coinhibitory molecule for T cells: Responses during viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) stimulation.

Coinhibitory pathways in the B7-CD28 family provide critical inhibitory signals that regulate immune homeostasis, defense and protect tissue integrity. CD276 (B7-H3) is an important immune checkpoint member of this family, which is induced on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and plays an important role in the inhibition of T-cell function. We have characterized the CD276 gene of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.

Manganese-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a role player in seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) antioxidant defense system and adaptive immune system.

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a metaloenzyme that catalyzes dismutation of the hazardous superoxide radicals into less hazardous HO and HO. Here, we identified a homolog of MnSOD from big belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis; HaMnSOD) and characterized its structural and functional features. HaMnSOD transcript possessed an open reading frame (ORF) of 672 bp which codes for a peptide of 223 amino acids.

Molecular, structural, and functional comparison of N lobe and C lobe of the transferrin from rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus, with respect to its immune response.

The iron-withholding strategy of innate immunity is an effective antimicrobial defense mechanism that combats microbial infection by depriving microorganisms of Fe, which is important for their growth and propagation. Transferrins (Tfs) are a group of iron-binding proteins that exert their antimicrobial function through Fe sequestration. The current study describes both structural and functional characteristics of a transferrin ortholog from rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus (RbTf).

Interferon-induced protein 56 (IFI56) is induced by VHSV infection but not by bacterial infection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Interferon-inducible protein 56 (IFI56, also known as ISG56/IFIT1, interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1) is strongly induced in response to interferon and a potent inhibitor of viral replication and translational initiation. Here, we describe the identification of IFI56 (OfIFI56) in olive flounder, its characteristic features, and expression levels in various tissues before and after viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection. The full-length OfIFI56 sequence was identified from rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR.

Genetic relatedness of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) from cultured salmonids in Korea.

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV; n = 18) was identified in the Korean national surveillance program between February 2013 and April 2015, suggesting that IHNV is a major viral pathogen in cultured salmonids. By phylogeny analysis, we found that the JRt-Nagano and JRt-Shizuoka groups could each be further subdivided into three distinct subtypes. The Korean strains were genetically similar to Japanese isolates, suggesting introduction from Japan.

Piscidin: Antimicrobial peptide of rock bream, Oplegnathus fasciatus.

The piscidin family consists of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that are mainly found in fish and are crucial effectors of fish innate immune responses. The piscidin family typically has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and can modulate immune responses. In this study, we cloned rock bream piscidin (Rbpisc) and investigated its gene expression and biological activity (including antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities).